The Implementation of Genetic Algorithm and
Routing Lee for PCB Design Optimization
Tessy Badriyah, Fitri Setyorini, Niyoko Yuliawan
Informatics Department (Program Studi D4 Teknik Informatika)
Electronics Engineering Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya Indonesia
Jl. Raya ITS - Kampus ITS Sukolilo Surabaya 60111, INDONESIA
tessy@pens.ac.id, fitri@pens.ac.id, niyoko@it.student.pens.ac.id
Abstract—The placing components and routing are very
important in designing PCB, although they require a lot of time
and precision. Auto placer and auto router application that are
available so far are proprietary and thus cannot be developed
freely. This research proposes optimization design of PCB
alongside with genetic algorithm and routing lee algorithm. The
genetic algorithm allocates components automatically and
Routing Lee algorithm does routes between components.
Keywords—placing components, routing PCB, Genetic
algorithms, Routing Lee algorithms
I.
I
NTRODUCTION
The design of PCB for electronic devices requiring three
stages, namely the manufacture of schematic, and then proceed
with the placement of the components and the last process is
routing. The two processes, placement and routing, are very
important stages but require considerable time and high
accuracy. Moreover, if there are changes to the schematic
design, the placement and routing process must be repeated
again from the beginning for many times. And it will make the
price of PCB production expensive.
Some application of PCB design have actually been able to
process the component placement and routing, but these auto
placer and auto router application that are available so far are
proprietary and thus cannot be developed freely. So that anyone
other than the manufacturer cannot figure out a system in it and
not be able to make any improvements.
This research proposes a new system of optimization design
of PCB that combines Genetic Algorithm and Routing Lee
algorithm. The genetic algorithm allocates components
automatically and Routing Lee algorithm creates routes between
components. Genetic algorithms is not just optimized to get the
PCB size as small as possible, but also optimized to obtain a neat
arrangement of the components and copper lines as short as
possible. Therefore it is expected that the contribution of the
research is to provide an alternative of PCB design that was
originally proprietary. This research can be done by using
Genetic Algorithm and modification of routing Lee algorithms
for placement and routing the component.
II. RELATED
WORKS
Here are some studies that have been done to overcome the
problem of placement and routing of PCB’s.
Ismail Yusof and Khalid [1] proposed a method of self
organizing genetic algorithm (SOGA) for the placement of
components on the PCB. SOGA is a genetic algorithm arranged
in cascade, which uses genetic algorithms to optimize the
parameters of other genetic algorithms. SOGA is used to
minimize the temperature of the circuit components.
Meanwhile, in another study, Zinnatova and Suzdalcev [2]
proposed a genetic algorithm with a fitness function which
considers the heat dissipation of each component. The algorithm
is claimed improve the quality and reliability of the circuit
components on the PCB due to heat in the circuit properly
distributed.
Ho and Ji [3] used a genetic algorithm to optimize the
movement of chip-shooter machine. Chip-shooter machine is a
machine used to perform the installation of the components on
the PCB. This machine consists of a table fitted with turred
board contained PCBs and components to be placed on the PCB.
Tables are fitted with these PCBs can move along the X axis and
Y axis. In this study, genetic algorithm was used to minimize
the total length of the motion passed by the desk.
For routing, Lee [4] proposed an algorithm that can always
find the shortest path between two points if the two points can
be connected. However, this algorithm has the disadvantage that
time and memory complexity of O() to the grid by × so
that the memory requirements and the time will increase sharply
if the algorithm is applied to a large grid.
III. T
HE
I
MPLEMENTATION OF GENETIC ALGORITHM AND
ROUTING LEE FOR
PCB
D
ESIGN
O
PTIMIZATION
This section will discuss the design and implementation of
genetic algorithm and routing lee for PCB design.
A. Design System
Block diagram is shown in Figure 1. The function of each
module in the Diagram can be split into three function: Input,
Process, Output.
2016 International Conference on Informatics and Computing (ICIC)
978-1-5090-1648-8/16/$31.00 ©2016 IEEE