"基于ACIS的3D建模方法：简单入门，功能强大"

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3D Modeling with ACIS introduces the basic methods of using the ACIS library, a powerful 3D modeling library that is widely used in many 3D industrial software applications. The ACIS library is known for its simplicity, powerful functionality, and is considered as a valuable resource for beginners in the field. This book provides a comprehensive guide on how to utilize the features of the ACIS library to create detailed and intricate 3D models. Whether you are a novice or an experienced 3D modeler, this book offers valuable insights and techniques to enhance your skills in 3D modeling. The book covers a wide range of topics such as object-oriented methods, finite element analysis, computational modeling of masonry structures, strength of materials, and innovative computational methods for structural mechanics. With detailed explanations and step-by-step tutorials, this book serves as an essential reference for anyone looking to master the art of 3D modeling using the ACIS library. Whether you are a student, a professional, or an enthusiast in the field of 3D modeling, this book will equip you with the knowledge and skills needed to create stunning and realistic 3D models with ease. Dive into the world of 3D modeling with ACIS and unleash your creativity today!

x Preface

Chapter 3: Scheme Gives enough details to get a novice started, an explanation of

Scheme terminology and syntax, with examples of how different constructs

can be used in the context of the Scheme AIDE’s command language.

Chapter 4: Basics Explains how to create, manipulate, modify, analyze and save

models using ACIS API functions and their equivalent Scheme extensions.

Chapter 5: Using the Direct Interface Shows how the data structure of ACIS mod-

els can be traversed and accessed via Direct Interface calls and Scheme exten-

sions.

Chapter 6: ENTITY Intersections and Booleans Examines two subjects core to

any modeling system.

Chapter 7: Rendering, Ray Firing and Faceting Starting with ﬁring single rays,

the chapter covers progressively more complex and reﬁned image generation

techniques, ending with some examples of the Scheme AIDE’s rendering and

viewing commands.

Chapter 8: Spline Surfaces A look at the spline curves and surfaces supported by

ACIS including those generated by lofts, or as net surfaces.

Chapter 9: Bulletin Boards and Rollback Gives examples of how “undo” func-

tions can be created and changes in models recorded.

Chapter 10: Laws and Graphs Applying parametric equations to deﬁne and mod-

ify models. The Chapter ends by brieﬂy reviewing ACIS’s graph representa-

tion and analysis utilities.

Chapter 11: Model Modiﬁcation Examples of local operations, blending and heal-

ing.

Chapter 12: Attributes Demonstrates several different ways in which applications

data can be incorporated in models as user deﬁned “attributes”.

Chapter 13: Customizing ACIS Shows how users can create their own Entities,

API functions and Scheme Extensions.

Chapter 14: Debugging and Error Checking Covers some of the facilities pro-

vided to support the trapping and tracing of errors.

Appendix A Details of how the examples can be obtained and compiled under Win-

dows.

Appendix B Tables for fast look-up of class member functions.

Appendix C Miscellaneous tips: the ACIS-Alliance ListServer, searching the Test

Harness for code fragments and how to obtain a copy of ACIS.

Appendix D A bibliography: with some suggestions for further reading.

Preface xi

Typographic Conventions

Central to the way in which ACIS represents shapes are a number of C++ classes

with names such as ENTITY, EDGE and VERTEX. In the plural these are referred to

as ENTITYs, EDGEs and VERTEXs. Although not correct English, this convention

ensures that there can be no confusion regarding the name of an ACIS C++ class.

The occasional reference to “entities” in other parts of the text simply implies the

normal English use of the word.

The important exception to the uppercase naming convention occurs when the

Scheme AIDE’s extensions are discussed. In that context ACIS ENTITYs are re-

ferred to by lowercase names (i.e. face, entity, edge, etc.)

In the example programs and code fragments, keywords and type names are

shown in bold, comments in italics and variables in the regular type face. Pro-

grams available from the ftp site are bracketed between pairs of horizontal lines. For

example, the following code can be found in the ﬁle rbdblock.scm.

rbdblock.scm

(load ’setview.scm) ; From scm/examples

(deﬁne pickdemo

(lambda()

(begin

(front) ; Create a Front view

(print "Pick ﬁrst corner")

(deﬁne p1 (pick:position (read-event)))

(rbd:line #t p1) ; Display the blocks diagonal

(iso) ; Isometric view

(print "Pick second corner")

(deﬁne p2 (pick:position (read-event)))

(rbd:clear)

(solid:block p1 p2))))

Code fragments (rather than complete programs) appear in the same fonts but without

the horizontal lines. When a program variable is referred to in the text it appears in

this font. For example, in the following code fragment:

// Variable declarations

double x_coordinate, z_coordinate;

double y_coordinate = 5.669;

ENTITY_LIST el;

the ﬁrst line declares x_coordinate and z_coordinate to be of type double.

Elsewhere in the text key words (such as class, function or ﬁle names) are high-

lighted in bold only the ﬁrst time they are mentioned. Other words or phrases are

occasionally highlighted or italicized for emphasis.

Text output directly from a program or ﬁle is displayed as:

xii Preface

1 body record, 32 bytes

4 attribute records, 184 bytes

1 lump record, 32 bytes

1 shell record, 40 bytes

1 face record, 44 bytes

1 surface record, 168 bytes

Total storage 500 bytes

"solid body"

Equations are displayed as:

y = mx + b

Generally the text uses US spelling throughout. However, because ACIS has been

developed in both Britain and the USA there are occasional inconsistencies, for ex-

ample the word modeler in the text and the function api_start_modeller. If a func-

tion or ﬁle name occurs at the start of a sentence it is left lowercase to avoid any

confusion.

Acknowledgments

This book began with some remarks made to Charles Lang, so thanks must go ﬁrst

to him for his unﬂagging support and enthusiasm. However, without the active sup-

port of Dick Sowar at Spatial Corp and the considerable patience of Professor John

Simmons, t his book would never have been written so we are also indebted to them.

Of those who contributed examples and time to the project Erwin Argyle can

probably see more familiar lines of code than most! Many examples here originated

from his “tip of the week” e-mails to the ACIS-Alliance or material he generated

for training courses. His perceptive comments pervade the text and have impacted

on many aspects of the book. We must also mention Ian Braid who provided many

useful comments about both the grammar and the coding!

The Edinburgh ACIS community all read drafts. Gordon Little found several very

subtleerrorswhichwerealwaysrevealedwiththephrase“Isittruetosay...?” Doug

Clark provided some especially detailed comments and helped keep some the most

dyslexic sentences out of view. Bob Tuttle both reviewed early drafts and helped

port some of the examples between different releases of ACIS. The chapter on spline

geometry was inﬂuenced by several conversations with Frank Mill, Nick Sormaz and

Ghassan Farsi. Jonathan Salmon contributed several examples and provided a fund

of Scheme knowledge. Edinburgh University student Ser-Chong Chia contributed

the programs (faceren.scm and spin.scm). Mike Sommerville, Jing Jing Fang and

Arifﬁn Razak will all recognize lines of codes that they originally developed for

their research work at Heriot-Watt University. Graham Seed provided detailed and

thoughtful reviews of several chapters but most notably the one on C++. The tips on

using the API_BEGIN/END macros originated from a posting on ACIS-Alliance by

Steve Abrams and Rich Brandt. Quite late in the book’s development Ralph Martin

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