《Learning Chef》：系统管理员的自动化配置管理指南

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"《Learning Chef》是一本由Mischa Taylor和Seth Vargo合著的专业书籍，旨在帮助读者深入了解并掌握配置管理和自动化工具——Chef。该书特别适合那些初次接触Chef或者希望系统学习最新推荐工具的系统管理员和开发者。作者以实践为导向，提供了深入浅出的教程，引导读者步入成为Chef专家的旅程。本书的核心内容围绕如何利用Chef解决企业规模大小的运维问题，特别是在自动化应用程序的打包和部署方面。对于初学者而言，书中详细讲解了如何编写基于Ruby的Chef代码，使基础设施中的应用堆栈构建变得高效，从几分钟到几小时，而非过去的几天或几周。通过逐章介绍不同Chef工具和配置管理概念，作者提供了丰富的实例，确保读者能够快速上手。作者Nathen Harvey，作为Chef社区的总监和Food Fight Show播客的联合主持人，对这本书给出了高度评价，认为它是入门Chef的绝佳途径。如果你正在寻找一本能够让你在实际操作中快速掌握Chef技术的指南，那么《Learning Chef》无疑是一个理想的选择。书中不仅传授理论知识，而且强调实践经验，是提升IT技能库中自动化管理能力的重要参考资料。"

Thanks as well to Courtney, Brian, Sonia, and the entire O’Reilly crew for making this

an absolutely amazing experience. I would like to extend a special thank you to my

coauthor Mischa Taylor for his amazing contributions and diligence in finishing this

book. I could not have done it without you!

xiv | Preface

Burgess. He developed the following core ideas of this theory for automating IT when

he was a professor at Oslo University College in the late 1990s and early 2000s:

• Changes must be handled in a systematic fashion to ensure that a system is con‐

figured in a correct and reliable manner.

• There must be some form of autonomy in the system so that it can automatically

detect faults and repair them without being explicitly told to do so.

Examples of modern IT configuration management tools are CFEngine, Puppet, the

Desired State Configuration engine in Microsoft Windows, Ansible, SaltStack, and of

course, Chef.

Why You Need a Configuration Management Tool to

Automate IT

There are a number of reasons why automated configuration management tools play a

vital role in managing complex enterprise infrastructures. Here are four of the most

popular reasons:

• Consistency. If your infrastructure is being configured manually, how do you know

your servers are being set up in a consistent manner? Further, how do you know

these changes are being performed in a way that meets your compliance and security

requirements? (For instance, are administrators logging changes in the appropriate

systems?)

Make life easier for your system administrators by automating repeated tasks with

a configuration management tool. When repeated tasks are tedious, humans are

alarmingly bad at performing them consistently. Automate tedious administration

tasks with a configuration management tool so your staff can focus on other im‐

portant things that humans do best.

•

Efficient change management. Whenever infrastructure is built manually without

the aid of a configuration management tool, people tend to fear change. Over time,

servers that are maintained by hand tend to become fragile environments that are

hard to understand and modify.

In these situations, organizations tend to develop a lot of processes for managing

changes, usually with the sole intent on minimizing change or even delaying it as

long as possible. This tends to delay introducing new features your customers need.

When servers can be reproduced easily in a repeatable fashion, fewer processes are

needed to manage change. Small change batches can be performed on a regular

basis, such as daily, or even several times a day.

2 | Chapter 1: Configuration Management and Chef

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