CentOS 6企业服务器安装与管理指南

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《CentOS 6 Linux Server Cookbook》是一本实用指南，专为那些希望安装、配置和管理基于CentOS社区的企业级服务器的用户量身定制。该书由Jonathan Hobson撰写，由Packt Publishing出版，于2013年发行。作为一本免费获取的IT技术资料，它为读者提供了在CentOS 6版本的Linux系统环境中进行服务器操作的深入知识。这本书的核心内容涵盖了以下几个关键知识点： 1. **CentOS 6简介**：CentOS 6是基于Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 的一个社区支持版本，以稳定性、安全性以及与商业版的兼容性著称。它在企业级环境中广泛应用，适合那些寻求开源解决方案的组织和个人。 2. **安装与部署**：书中详细介绍了如何从零开始安装CentOS 6，包括选择适当的镜像、硬件兼容性、分区和引导过程，以及基本的系统设置和网络配置。 3. **系统配置**：涵盖的主题可能包括操作系统优化、防火墙管理（如firewalld或iptables）、用户和权限管理、服务的启动和停止，以及安全配置，如SELinux策略的调整。 4. **服务器组件配置**：包括DNS服务（BIND或dnsmasq）、Web服务器（Apache、Nginx）、数据库（MySQL、PostgreSQL）、邮件服务器（Sendmail或Postfix）和其他常用服务的安装和配置指导。 5. **存储管理**：涉及硬盘分区、文件系统（如ext4、XFS）、LVM（Logical Volume Manager）和网络存储（如NFS、Ceph）的使用。 6. **性能调优与监控**：书中可能会提供资源监控工具（如top、vmstat、iostat）的使用方法，以及如何通过sysctl、cgroups和perf等工具进行性能优化。 7. **备份与恢复**：介绍如何实施定期备份策略，以及在灾难恢复场景下恢复数据和系统的最佳实践。 8. **故障排查与维护**：针对常见问题提供了故障诊断技巧，帮助用户解决服务器运行过程中遇到的各种挑战。 9. **安全性和合规性**：探讨了如何实施安全策略，包括更新管理、日志分析、访问控制和审计，以确保符合法规要求。 10. **实战项目与案例研究**：书中的部分章节可能包含实际项目的演练，帮助读者将理论知识应用到实践中。尽管本书致力于提供准确的信息，但作者和出版社无法对因使用书中的内容而产生的任何直接或间接损失负责。在引用或复制书中的内容时，必须遵循版权要求，获得出版商的书面许可。《CentOS 6 Linux Server Cookbook》是一本非常适合想要深入了解并提升CentOS服务器管理能力的专业人士或爱好者使用的参考资料，无论你是系统管理员、DevOps工程师还是自学者，都能从中收获宝贵的知识。

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Preface

Building a server can present a challenge. It is often difcult at the best of times and

frustrating at the worst of times. They can represent the biggest of problems or give you a

great sense of pride and achievement. Where the word "server" can describe many things, it is

the intention of this book to lift the lid and expose the inner workings of this enterprise-class

computing system with the intention of enabling you to build the professional server solution

of choice.

CentOS is a community-based enterprise class operating system. It is available free of charge,

and as a fully compatible derivative of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) it represents the rst

choice operating system for organizations, companies, professionals, and home users all

over the world who intend to run a server. It's widely respected as a very powerful and exible

Linux distribution and regardless as to whether you intend to run a web server, le server,

FTP server, domain server, or a multi-role solution, it is the purpose of this book to deliver a

series of turn-key solutions that will show you how quickly you can build a fully capable and

comprehensive server system using the CentOS 6 operating system.

So with this in mind, you could say that this book represents more than just another

introduction to yet another server-based operating system. This is a cookbook about an

enterprise-class operating system that provides a step-by-step approach to making it work.

So, regardless as to whether you are a new or an experienced user, there is something inside

these pages for everyone, as this book will become your practical guide to getting things done

and a starting point to all things CentOS.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Installing CentOS, is a series of recipes that introduces you to the task of installing

your server, updating, and enhancing the minimal install with additional tools and adding a

desktop environment. It is designed to get you started and to provide a reference that shows

you a number of ways to achieve the desired installation.

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Preface

Chapter 2, Conguring CentOS, is designed to follow on from a successful installation to offer

a helping hand and provide you with a number of recipes that will enable you to achieve the

desired server conguration. From changing the time zone and updating the hardware clock

to binding multiple IP addresses, you will not only learn how to resolve a fully qualied domain

name but you will be shown how to work with multiple Ethernet devices and manage SELinux.

Chapter 3, Working with CentOS, provides the building blocks that will enable you to champion

your server and take control of your environment. It is here to kick start your role as a server

administrator, by disseminating a wealth of information that will walk you through a variety of

steps that are required to develop a fully considered and professional server solution.

Chapter 4, Managing Packages with Yum, serves to introduce you to the denitive package

manager for CentOS 6 server. From upgrading the system to nding, installing, removing,

and enhancing your system with additional repositories, it is the purpose of this chapter to

explain the open source command-line package management utility known as the Yellowdog

Updater, Modied.

Chapter 5, Securing CentOS, discusses the need to implement a series of solutions that will

deliver the level of protection you need to run a successful server solution. From escalating

user privileges to preventing dictionary-based attacks, you will see how easy it is to build a

server that not only considers the need to reduce risk from external attack but one that will

provide additional protection for your users.

Chapter 6, Working with Samba, focuses on the power and simplicity of le sharing with

Samba in order to provide CentOS 6 server with the ability to provide a sense of community

within the workplace.

Chapter 7, Working with Domains, considers the steps required to implement domain names,

domain resolution, and DNS queries on a CentOS 6 server. The domain name system is an

essential role of any server and whether you are intending to support a home network or a full

corporate environment, it is the purpose of this chapter to provide a series of solutions that

will deliver the beginning of a future-proof solution.

Chapter 8, Working with Databases, provides a series of recipes that delivers instant access

to MySQL and PostgreSQL with the intention of explaining the necessary steps required to

deploy them on a CentOS 6 server.

Chapter 9, Providing Mail Services, introduces you to the process of enabling a

domain-wide Mail Transport Agent to your CentOS 6 server. From building a local

POP3/SMTP server to conguring SASL and dealing with SPAM, the purpose of this

chapter is to provide the groundwork for all your future e-mail-based needs.

Chapter 10, Working with Apache, investigates the role of this well known server technology

to full effect, and whether you are intending to run a development server or a live production

server, this chapter provides you with the necessary steps to deliver the features you need to

become the master of your web based publishing solution.

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Preface

Chapter 11, Working with FTP, concentrates on the role of VSFTP with a series of recipes that

will provide the guidance you need to install, congure and manage the File Transfer Protocol

you want to provide on a CentOS 6 server.

What you need for this book

The requirements of this book are relatively simple and begin with the need to download the

CentOS operating system. The software is free, but you will need a computer that is capable

of fullling the role of a server, an Internet connection, some spare time, and a desire to

have fun.

In saying that, many readers will be aware that you do not need a spare computer to take

advantage of this book as the option of installing CentOS on virtualization software is always

available. This approach is quite common and where the recipes contained within these

pages remain applicable, you should be aware that the use of virtualization software is not

considered by this book. For this reason any requests for support regarding this the use of

this software should be directed towards the appropriate supplier.

Who this book is for

This is a practical guide for building a server solution, and rather than being about CentOS

itself, this is a book that will show you how to get CentOS up and running. It is a book that

has been written with the novice-to-intermediate Linux user in mind who is intending to use

CentOS as the basis of their next server. However, if you are new to operating systems as a

whole, then don't worry; this book will also serve to provide you with the step-by-step approach

you need to build a complete server solution with plenty of tricks of the trade thrown in for

good measure.

Conventions

In this book, you will nd a number of styles of text that distinguish between different kinds of

information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text, database table names, folder names, lenames, le extensions,

pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: "Again,

if you experience any difculties, simply check the logle located at

/var/log/maillog."

A block of code is set as follows:

include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";

zone "XXX.XXX.XXX.in-addr.arpa" IN {

type master;

file "/var/named/hostname.domainname.lan.db";

allow-update { none; };

};

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CentOS 6企业服务器安装与管理指南

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