IEEE 802.3ah: 以太网OAM协议详解

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"802.3ah-link OAM参考协议是IEEE制定的一项标准，用于电信和信息系统的局域网及城域网特定需求。该标准是802.3系列标准的一部分，涉及到CSMA/CD（载波侦听多路访问/冲突检测）访问方法和物理层规范的修订，主要关注于接入网络的媒体访问控制参数、物理层和管理参数。此标准由IEEE LAN/MAN Standards Committee赞助，并在2004年发布，是对802.3标准的补充，同时整合了802.3ae、802.3af、802.3aj和802.3ak等其他标准的更新。" 802.3ah Link Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) 是一个关键的网络管理协议，主要用于以太网接入网络，特别是针对光纤到户（FTTH）、光纤到节点（FTTN）和点到点（P2P）光链路的故障检测、性能监控和维护。它提供了一套工具，使得网络运营商可以有效地管理和维护他们的网络基础设施，确保服务质量和可靠性。 OAM协议的主要功能包括： 1. 故障检测：通过连续发送探测帧，802.3ah可以快速检测到链路的故障，如连接丢失、帧丢失或延迟增加。 2. 性能监控：协议允许收集和分析诸如丢包率、帧传输时间等性能指标，帮助识别网络中的性能瓶颈。 3. 告警指示：当网络出现问题时，802.3ah可以发送告警消息，通知网络管理员。 4. 配置和管理：支持远程配置和管理网络设备，简化网络部署和维护工作。 5. 层次化OAM：802.3ah支持在网络的不同层次（如接入层、汇聚层和核心层）上进行OAM操作，提供更精细的网络监控和管理。与其他802.3标准的关系： - 802.3ae定义了10 Gigabit以太网，而802.3af引入了Power over Ethernet（PoE），用于通过以太网电缆供电。802.3aj和802.3ak分别针对特定的物理层规范进行了扩展和改进。 - 802.3ah是对这些标准的补充，专门针对接入网络环境，提供了适用于低速和高速以太网链路的OAM机制。 802.3ah OAM协议是现代以太网网络不可或缺的一部分，它增强了网络的自我诊断和修复能力，减少了网络故障对业务的影响，提高了网络服务的可用性和稳定性。网络运营商和设备制造商都从中受益，因为它简化了网络运维，降低了维护成本。

This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change i

List of special symbols

For the benefit of those who have received this document by electronic means, what follows is a list of

special symbols and operators. If any of these symbols or operators fail to print out correctly, the editors

hope that this table will at least help you to sort out the meaning of the resulting funny-shaped blobs and

strokes appearing in the body of the document.

Special symbols and operators

Printed Character Meaning

Frame V

character code

Font

∗

Boolean AND ALT-042 Symbol

Boolean OR, arithmetic addition ALT-043 Symbol

^ Boolean XOR ^ Times

! Boolean NOT ALT-033 Symbol

Less than ALT-060 Symbol

≤

Less than or equal to ALT-0163 Symbol

Equal to ALT-061 Symbol

≠

Not equal to ALT-0185 Symbol

≥

Greater than or equal to ALT-0179 Symbol

Greater than ALT-062 Symbol

⇐

Assignment operator ALT-0220 Symbol

∈

Indicates membership ALT-0206 Symbol

∉

Indicates nonmembership ALT-0207 Symbol

± Plus or minus (a tolerance) ALT-0177 Symbol

Degrees (as in degrees Celsius) ALT-0176 Symbol

∑

Summation ALT-0229 Symbol

— Big dash (em dash) Ctrl-q Shft-q Times

– Little dash (en dash) Ctrl-q Shft-p Times

† Dagger ALT-0134 Times

‡ Double dagger ALT-0135 Times

α Lower case alpha a Symbol

β Lower case beta b Symbol

ε Lower case epsilon e Symbol

γ Lower case gamma g Symbol

Square root ALT-0214 Times

IEEE

Std 802.3ah-2004 AMENDMENT TO IEEE Std 802.3

1. Introduction

1.2 Notation

Insert the following to the end of 1.2.5, Hexadecimal notation:

Numerical values designated with a 16 subscript indicate a hexadecimal interpretation of the corresponding-

number. For example: 0F

represents an 8-bit hexadecimal value of the decimal number 15.

1.3 Normative References

Change existing reference to read as follows:

ITU-T Recommendation G.652, 2000—Characteristics of a single-mode opitical fibre cable.

ITU-T

Recommendation G.652, 2003— Characteristics of a single-mode optical fibre and cable.

ANSI X3.230-1994 (FC-PH), Information Technology—Fibre Channel—Physical and Signaling Interface.

ANSI INCITS 230-1994 (R1999), Information Technology—Fibre Channel—Physical and Signaling

Interface (FC-PH) (formerly ANSI X3.230-1994).

Insert the following references in alphabetic order into the reference list in 1.3:

ANSI/EIA-455-95A-2000, Absolute Optical Power Test for Optical Fibers and Cables.

ANSI/EIA/TIA-455-127-1991, FOTP-127 — Spectral Characterization of Multimode Laser Diodes.

ANSI T1.417-2001, Spectrum management for loop transmission systems.

ANSI T1.424-2004, Interface between networks and customer installations - Very-high Speed Digital

Subscriber Lines (VDSL) Metallic Interface (Trial-Use Standard).

ETSI TS1 101 270-1 (1999), Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Access transmission systems on metallic

access cables; Very high speed Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL); Part 1: Functional requirements.

ETSI TS 270-2 (2001), Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Access transmission systems on metallic

access cables; Very high speed Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL); Part 2: Transceiver specification.

IEC 61280-2-2 (1998), Fiber optic communication sub-system basic test procedures – Part 2-2: Test

procedures for digital systems – Optical eye pattern, waveform, and extinction ratio.

IEC 61754-1:1996, Fibre optic interfaces —Part 1: General and guidance.

ITU-T Recommendation G.991.2 (2001), Amendment 1.

ITU-T Recommendation G.991.2 (2001), Single-Pair High-Speed Digital Subscriber Line (SHDSL)

transceivers.

ITU-T Recommendation G.993.1 (2003), Amendment 1.

ITU-T Recommendation G.993.1 (2001), Very high speed digital subscriber line foundation.

ITU-T Recommendation G.994.1 (2004), Handshake procedures for digital subscriber line (DSL)

transceivers.

ITU-T Recommendation G.975 (2000), Optical fibre submarine cable systems Forward error correction for

submarine systems.

IEEE

CSMA/CD Std 802.3ah-2004

1.4 Definitions

Change 1.4.10 to the following:

1.4.10 100BASE-FX: IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification for a 100 Mb/s CSMA/CD local area net-

work over two optical fibers. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses 24 and 26.) IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification

for a 100 Mb/s CSMA/CD local area network over two multimode optical fibers. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses

24 and 26.)

Insert the following definitions alphabetically into 1.4. Renumber the definitions as required. These

definitions will be renumbered in alphabetic order in a future edition of this standard:

1.4.xxx 100BASE-BX10: IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification for a 100 Mb/s point to point link over

one single mode fiber. The link includes two different specifications for 100BASE-BX10-D and 100BASE-

BX10-U. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses 58 and 66.)

1.4.xxx 100BASE-LX10: IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification for a 100 Mb/s point to point link over

two single mode optical fibers. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses 58 and 66.)

1.4.xxx 1000BASE-BX10: IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification for a 1000 Mb/s point to point link over

one single mode optical fiber. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses 59 and 66.)

1.4.xxx 1000BASE-LX10: IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification for a 1000 Mb/s point to point link over

two single-mode or multimode optical fibers. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses 59 and 66.)

1.4.xxx 1000BASE-PX10: IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification for a 1000 Mb/s point to multi-point

link over one single mode optical fiber, with a reach of up to 10 km. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses 60, 65, and

66.)

1.4.xxx 1000BASE-PX20: IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification for a 1000 Mb/s point to multi-point

link over one single mode optical fiber, with a reach of up to 20 km. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses 60, 65, and

66.)

1.4.xxx 10PASS-TS: IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification up to 100 Mb/s point to point link over single

copper wire pair. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses61 and 62.)

1.4.xxx 2BASE-TL: IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification up to 5.696 Mb/s point to point link over

single copper wire pair. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses 61 and 63.)

1.4.xxx Aggregation group: A collection of PMEs that may be aggregated according to a particular

implementation of the PME aggregation function. (See IEEE 802.3 subclause 61.2.2.)

1.4.xxx Bandplan: The set of parameters that control the lowest and highest frequencies and power at which

10PASS-TS and 2BASE-TL may operate.

1.4.xxx Coupled Power Ratio (CPR): The ratio (in dB) of the total power coupled into a multimode fiber to

the optical power that can be coupled into a single-mode fiber.

1.4.xxx Downstream: In an access network, where there is a clear indication in each deployment as to which

end of a link is closer to a subscriber, transmission toward the subscriber end of the link.

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