MATLAB数字信号处理仿真函数详解

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"MATLAB函数使用规则和数字信号处理实验介绍" MATLAB是一款广泛应用于科学计算、数据分析和工程领域的强大软件,尤其在数字信号处理方面具有显著优势。它的全称是Matrix Laboratory,由MathWorks公司开发,提供了丰富的数值计算、矩阵运算以及图形化界面,便于用户进行复杂计算和可视化操作。 在数字信号处理的上机实验中,熟悉MATLAB的基本操作和常用函数是至关重要的。实验的主要目的是让学生掌握MATLAB软件的启动、运行程序的方法,并了解一些基础和常用的函数。 首先,启动MATLAB系统通常是在Windows环境下双击MATLAB的图标,打开命令窗口,这是与MATLAB交互的主要界面。在这里,用户可以直接输入命令进行计算,每条命令执行后会显示结果。若希望隐藏命令执行的结果,可以在命令末尾加上分号。 然而,对于复杂的程序,直接在命令窗口输入并不方便,因为一旦出现错误,需要重新输入。此时,M文件就显得非常有用。M文件是以".m"为扩展名的文本文件,可以用文本编辑器创建和编辑,用于存储MATLAB程序。当运行M文件时,MATLAB会执行其中的命令序列。 此外,MATLAB还支持其他类型的文件: 1. MAT文件,扩展名为.mat,用于存储MATLAB的数据结构,包括变量、数组等,方便数据的保存和加载。 2. MEX文件,是MATLAB编译后的二进制可执行文件,可以提高程序运行速度,尤其是当处理C或C++代码时。 在数字信号处理中,MATLAB提供了专门的信号处理工具箱。这个工具箱包含了大量的函数,如滤波器设计(fir1, fir2, butter等)、傅立叶变换(fft, ifft)、谱分析(pwelch, periodogram)以及信号生成(sin, cos, randn等)。通过Help命令,用户可以查询这些函数的具体用法和参数。 例如,`fir1`函数用于设计线性相位的有限 impulse response (FIR) 滤波器,`butter`函数则用于设计 Butterworth 滤波器。傅立叶变换中的`fft`函数可以将时域信号转换到频域,而`ifft`则是逆傅立叶变换,将频域信号转回时域。`pwelch`函数则用于估计功率谱密度,`periodogram`函数可以计算周期图,用于频谱分析。 在实验中,学生需要通过编写和运行MATLAB程序,实现信号的生成、滤波、分析等任务,以理解数字信号处理的基本概念和方法。这不仅锻炼了编程技能,也加深了对信号处理理论的理解。通过不断的实践和调试,学生能够熟练掌握MATLAB在数字信号处理中的应用。
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很实用的时频分析工具箱,包括短时傅里叶正反变换等,很好,很强大哦~~分享给大家,包括以下函数的源代码: % sigmerge - Add two signals with given energy ratio in dB. % % Choice of the Instantaneous Amplitude % amexpo1s - Generate one-sided exponential amplitude modulation. % amexpo2s - Generate bilateral exponential amplitude modulation. % amgauss - Generate gaussian amplitude modulation. % amrect - Generate rectangular amplitude modulation. % amtriang - Generate triangular amplitude modulation. % % Choice of the Instantaneous Frequency % fmconst - Signal with constant frequency modulation. % fmhyp - Signal with hyperbolic frequency modulation. % fmlin - Signal with linear frequency modulation. % fmodany - Signal with arbitrary frequency modulation. % fmpar - Signal with parabolic frequency modulation. % fmpower - Signal with power-law frequency modulation. % fmsin - Signal with sinusoidal frequency modulation. % gdpower - Signal with a power-law group delay. % % Choice of Particular Signals % altes - Altes signal in time domain. % anaask - Amplitude Shift Keyed (ASK) signal. % anabpsk - Binary Phase Shift Keyed (BPSK) signal. % anafsk - Frequency Shift Keyed (FSK) signal. % anapulse - Analytic projection of unit amplitude impulse signal. % anaqpsk - Quaternary Phase Shift Keyed (QPSK) signal. % anasing - Lipschitz singularity. % anastep - Analytic projection of unit step signal. % atoms - Linear combination of elementary Gaussian wave packets. % dopnoise - Generate complex Doppler random signal. % doppler - Generate complex Doppler signal. % klauder - Klauder wavelet in time domain. % mexhat - Mexican hat wavelet in time domain. % tftb_window - Window generation (previously window.m). % % Addition of Noise % noisecg - Analytic complex gaussian noise. % noisecu - Analytic complex uniform noise. % % Modification % scale - Scale signal using Mellin transform. % % % Processing Files % % Time-Domain Processing % ifestar2 - Instantaneous frequency estimation using AR2 modelisation. % instfreq - Instantaneous frequency estimation. % loctime - Time localization characteristics. % % Frequency-Domain Processing % fmt - Fast Mellin transform % ifmt - Inverse fast Mellin transform. % locfreq - Frequency localization characteristics. % sgrpdlay - Group delay estimation. % % Linear Time-Frequency Processing % tfrgabor - Gabor representation. % tfrstft - Short time Fourier transform. % % Bilinear Time-Frequency Processing in the Cohen's Class % tfrbj - Born-Jordan distribution. % tfrbud - Butterworth distribution. % tfrcw - Choi-Williams distribution. % tfrgrd - Generalized rectangular distribution. % tfrmh - Margenau-Hill distribution. % tfrmhs - Margenau-Hill-Spectrogram distribution. % tfrmmce - MMCE combination of spectrograms. % tfrpage - Page distribution. % tfrpmh - Pseudo Margenau-Hill distribution. % tfrppage - Pseudo Page distribution. % tfrpwv - Pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution. % tfrri - Rihaczek distribution. % tfrridb - Reduced interference distribution (Bessel window). % tfrridh - Reduced interference distribution (Hanning window). % tfrridn - Reduced interference distribution (binomial window). % tfrridt - Reduced interference distribution (triangular window). % tfrsp - Spectrogram. % tfrspwv - Smoothed Pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution. % tfrwv - Wigner-Ville distribution. % tfrzam - Zhao-Atlas-Marks distribution. % % Bilinear Time-Frequency Processing in the Affine Class % tfrbert - Unitary Bertrand distribution. % tfrdfla - D-Flandrin distribution. % tfrscalo - Scalogram, for Morlet or Mexican hat wavelet. % tfrspaw - Smoothed Pseudo Affine Wigner distributions. % tfrunter - Unterberger distribution, active or passive form. % % Reassigned Time-Frequency Processing % tfrrgab - Reassigned Gabor spectrogram. % tfrrmsc - Reassigned Morlet Scalogram time-frequency distribution. % tfrrpmh - Reassigned Pseudo Margenau-Hill distribution. % tfrrppag - Reassigned Pseudo Page distribution. % tfrrpwv - Reassigned Pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution. % tfrrsp - Reassigned Spectrogram. % tfrrspwv - Reassigned Smoothed Pseudo WV distribution. % % Ambiguity Functions % ambifunb - Narrow band ambiguity function. % ambifuwb - Wide band ambiguity function. % % Post-Processing or Help to the Interpretation % friedman - Instantaneous frequency density. % holder - Estimate the Holder exponent through an affine TFR. % htl - Hough transform for detection of lines in images. % margtfr - Marginals and energy of a time-frequency representation. % midscomp - Mid-point construction used in the interference diagram. % momftfr - Frequency moments of a time-frequency representation. % momttfr - Time moments of a time-frequency representation. % plotsid - Schematic interference diagram of FM signals. % renyi - Measure Renyi information. % ridges - Extraction of ridges. % tfrideal - Ideal TFR for given frequency laws. % % Visualization & backup % plotifl - Plot normalized instantaneous frequency laws. % tfrqview - Quick visualization of time-frequency representations. % tfrview - Visualization of time-frequency representations. % tfrparam - Return the paramaters needed to display (or save) a TFR. % tfrsave - Save the parameters of a time-frequency representation. % % % Other % disprog - Display progression of a loop. % divider - Find dividers of integer such that product equals integer. % dwindow - Derive a window. % integ - Approximate integral. % integ2d - Approximate 2-D integral. % izak - Inverse Zak transform. % istfr1 - returns true if a distribution is Cohen's class type 1 (spectrogram) % istfr2 - returns true if a distribution is Cohen's class type 2 (Wigner-Ville) % istfraff - returns true is a distribution is an affine class member % kaytth - Kay-Tretter filter computation. % modulo - Congruence of a vector. % movcw4at - Four atoms rotating, analyzed by the Choi-Williams distribution. % movpwdph - Influence of a phase-shift on the interferences of the pWVD. % movpwjph - Influence of a jump of phase on the interferences of the pWVD. % movsc2wv - Movie illustrating the passage from the scalogram to the WVD. % movsp2wv - Movie illustrating the passage from the spectrogram to the WVD. % movwv2at - Oscillating structure of the interferences of the WVD. % odd - Round towards nearest odd value. % sigmerge - Add two signals with given energy ratio in dB. % zak - Zak transform. % griffitc - Test signal example C of Griffiths' paper. % lambdak - Evaluate lambda function for Affine Wigner distribution. % umaxbert - Determination of the maximum value of u for Bertrand distribution. % umaxdfla - Determination of the maximum value of u for D-Flandrin distribution. % umaxunte - Determination of the maximum value of u for Unterberger distribution.