Visual Studio 2012测试实战：自动化与探索测试

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"《Software Testing using Visual Studio 2012》是一本关于利用Visual Studio 2012进行软件测试的实践指南，详细讲解了各种测试技术与特性，并提供了实时示例。本书覆盖了使用Test Manager管理测试案例、探索性测试、单元测试和编码用户界面测试、Web性能测试的提升以及用户场景的记录等重要内容。" 在这本书中，读者将学习到以下关键知识点： 1. **测试类型和Test Explorer**：了解Visual Studio 2012中的不同测试类型，如功能测试、单元测试、集成测试等。学习如何使用Test Explorer来组织、运行和管理这些测试。 2. **Test Manager的使用**：掌握Test Manager工具，包括创建和管理测试计划、测试套件，执行手动测试和探索性测试，以及如何在这些工具中协调测试管理任务。 3. **自动化测试**：学习如何通过录制用户操作来生成自动化测试，定制测试代码以适应特定需求。理解如何添加参数、验证规则和提取规则，使测试更加灵活和精确。 4. **单元测试**：深入理解Visual Studio 2012的单元测试功能，包括如何编写和执行单元测试，以及如何进行数据驱动的单元测试以实现多场景自动化测试。 5. **Web性能测试**：了解Web性能测试的工作原理，包括录制用户场景，分析性能指标，优化网页加载速度，以及如何从Web性能测试中创建负载测试。 6. **负载测试**：学习如何配置和执行负载测试，评估系统在高并发情况下的表现，确保其在真实世界环境中的稳定性和性能。 7. **测试结果分析**：掌握查看详细测试结果的方法，以便识别和调试问题，同时了解如何使用MSTest命令行工具执行现有测试。 8. **报告和发布测试结果**：学习如何生成测试报告，以及如何将测试结果发布给团队成员或利益相关者，以便于团队协作和决策。本书采用逐步指导的方式，通过设置示例测试场景，逐步引导读者掌握Visual Studio 2012的测试功能。内容涵盖了从基础测试概念到高级测试策略，旨在帮助开发者和测试人员充分利用Visual Studio 2012的自动化测试能力，提高软件开发的质量和效率。

Table of Contents

[ v ]

The Web Test option 324

Conguring unit tests using the .runsettings le 325

Summary 326

Chapter 10: The Command Line 327

VSTest.Console utility 327

Running tests using VSTest.Console 328

The /Tests option 329

The /ListTests option 329

MSTest utility 330

Running a test from the command line 332

The /testcontainer option 332

The /testmetadata option 333

The /test option 334

The /unique option 335

The /noisolation option 336

The /testsettings option 336

The /resultsle option 337

The /noresults option 337

The /nologo option 338

The /detail option 338

Publishing Test Results 339

The /publish option 339

The /publishbuild option 339

The /avour option 340

The /platform option 340

The /publishresultsle option 341

TCM command line utility 344

Importing tests to a Test Plan 345

Running tests in a Test Plan 349

Summary 352

Chapter 11: Working with Test Results 353

Test Runs and Test Results 354

Test as part of the Team Foundation Server build 358

Building reports and Test Results 363

Creating a work item from the result 365

Summary 367

Chapter 12: Exploratory Testing and Reporting 369

Exploratory testing 371

Reports using Team Foundation Server 379

Bug status report 379

Test case readiness report 379

Status on all iterations 380

Other out-of-the-box reports 380

Preface

The Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 suite contains several features to support the

needs of developers, testers, architects, and managers to simplify the development

process. Visual Studio 2012 provides different editions of the product such as

Professional, Premium, and Ultimate with different set of tools and features. Visual

Studio 2012 is tightly integrated with Team Foundation Server, a central repository

and conguration management system that provides version control, process

guidance and templates, automated builds, automated tests, bug tracking, work item

tracking, reporting, and support of the Lab Center and Test Center congurations.

The Microsoft Test Manager 2012 is a standalone tool used to organize Test Plans,

Manage test cases, and executing manual test cases.

Software Testing using Visual Studio 2012 helps software developers to get familiarized

with the Visual Studio tools and techniques to create automated unit tests, and to

use automated user interface testing, code analysis and proling to nd out more

about the performance and quality of the code. Testers benet from learning more

about the usage of Testing tools, test case management techniques, working with

Test Results, and using Test Center and Lab center. This book also covers different

types of testing such as web performance test, load test, executing the manual test

cases, recording user actions, re-running tests using recording, test case execution,

capturing defects, and linking defects with requirements. Testers also get a high level

overview on using Lab Center for creating virtual environments for testing multiple

users and multiple location scenarios.

Visual Studio 2012 provides user interface tools such as Test Explorer, Test Results,

and Test Conguration to create, execute, and maintain the tests and Test Results in

integration with Team Foundation Server. This book provides detailed information

on all of the tools used for testing the application during the development and testing

phases of the project life cycle.

Preface

[ 2 ]

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Visual Studio 2012 Test Types, provides an overview of different types of

testing which helps testing the software applications through different phases of

software development. This chapter also introduces the tools and techniques in Visual

Studio 2012 for different testing types, Microsoft Test Manager 2012, and its features.

Chapter 2, Test Plan, Test Suite, and Manual Testing, explains the steps involved in

creating and managing the Test Plan, Test cases and Test Suite using Test Center in

Test Manager. This chapter also explains how to create manual tests by recording the

user actions and running the test with data inputs. Sharing the test recording across

multiple tests is also covered in this chapter.

Chapter 3, Automated Tests, provides a step-by-step approach to creating Coded UI

test from user action recordings. It also explains the steps to execute the coded UI

test through data source and adding validation and custom rules to the test.

Chapter 4, Unit Testing, explains the detailed steps involved in creating unit test

classes and methods for the code. Different type of assert methods and parameters

for testing the code, passing set of data from a data source and testing the code also

explained in detail. The mocking framework used for isolating the code and testing

it with the help of Shims and Stubs is also explained in detail.

Chapter 5, Web Performance Test, explains the basic way of web testing by recording the

user actions and creating a test out of it. Running the test using a data source, adding

parameters to the web tests, adding validation and extraction rules, adding looping

and branching mechanism to the recorded tests, and here conguring the settings

required for the Test Runs are some of the features explained as part of this chapter.

Chapter 6, Advanced Web Testing, explains the way of generating code out of the

recorded web tests explained in Chapter 5, Web Performance Test using the Generate

Code option. This is very much useful for customizing the test through the code,

adding additional logic to the test, adding custom validation and extraction rules.

Chapter 7, Load Testing, helps in simulating various numbers of users, network

bandwidths, combination of different web browsers, and different congurations.

In the case of web applications it is always necessary to test the stability and

performance of the application under huge data load and concurrent users. This

chapter explains the steps involved in simulating the real world scenario by using

Controllers and Agents. The details of analyzing and exporting the load Test Results

are also explained in this chapter.

Preface

[ 3 ]

Chapter 8, Ordered and Generic Tests, explains the way of testing the existing third

party tool or service which can also be run using the command line. Visual Studio

2012 provides a feature called ordered test to group all or some of these tests and

then execute the tests in the same order. The main advantage of creating the ordered

test is to execute multiple tests in an order based on the dependencies. Generic tests

are just like any other tests except that it is used for testing an existing third party

tool or service.

Chapter 9, Managing and Conguring Tests, explains the details of the test settings

le and the tools used for managing tests. The conguration includes deployment

details, setup and cleaning scripts, collecting data diagnostics information, unit test

and web test settings.

Chapter 10, The Command Line, explains the command line tools such as VSTest.

Console, MSTest, and TCM used for running the test with different options, then

collecting the output and publishing the results. Each of these commands is used for

specic purposes including backwards compatibility.

Chapter 11, Working with Test Results, explains the process of running the tests and

publishing the Test Results to the Team Project. Also covered in detail is to integrate

the tests as part of Team Foundation Server builds, Build reports and Test Results,

Creating work items from Test Results, and publishing the Test Results.

Chapter 12, Exploratory Testing and Reporting, explains the details of testing which

happens without any test cases and scripts and by only exploring the application

manually. This chapter also explains the details of accessing the Test Results and

publishing Test Results and reporting the same in a specic format. Accessing different

types of testing reports and creating new test reports are also explained in this chapter.

Chapter 13, Test and Lab Center, is useful for creating and organizing Test Plans

and test cases. Test plans can be associated to the requirements using Test Center.

The Lab Center helps in creating and conguring different virtual/physical

environments for the Test Runs, Test Settings such as dening the roles and

conguring the data and diagnostics information for the selected roles, conguring

the Test Controllers required for the test, and conguring the test library to store the

environment information.

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