WPF实用图表与图形编程指南

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《WPF画图手册》是一本由Jack Xu撰写的实用指南，专为.NET开发人员提供深入的Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) 图表和图形编程技术。作为业内专家的声音，本书针对WPF高级图表和图形处理进行了详尽探讨，帮助读者掌握这一强大框架在可视化展示中的应用。书中涵盖了以下核心知识点： 1. WPF基础知识：首先，作者会引导读者回顾WPF的基本概念，如用户界面元素、数据绑定、模板和控件体系，确保对后续图表和图形操作有扎实的基础。 2. 图表库介绍：书中介绍了Windows Forms中的图表控件与WPF中Chart和DataVisualization框架的区别，以及如何在WPF中选择合适的图表类型（如柱状图、折线图、饼图等）来有效地呈现数据。 3. 自定义图表：作者讲解了如何通过自定义样式、动画效果和交互设计，创建具有专业水准的图表，以及如何根据业务需求调整图表的外观和行为。 4. 数据驱动图表：重点阐述了如何将数据模型与图表紧密结合，实现动态数据更新和数据绑定，使得图表能够实时反映数据的变化。 5. 性能优化与最佳实践：在实践中，性能是关键因素。书中会分享如何避免常见的性能瓶颈，提高图表渲染速度，并给出优化图表性能的实用建议。 6. 高级主题：涵盖图表组合、交互式图表、图表区域图、热力图等高级图表类型，以及如何使用WPF图形和图像处理功能进行更复杂的视觉效果设计。 7. 案例分析与实战项目：书中提供了丰富的实例和实战项目，帮助读者将理论知识转化为实际技能，解决实际开发中的问题。 8. 版权和使用许可：最后，关于版权和使用政策的信息被明确指出，确保所有内容的合法使用和传播。《WPF画图手册》是一本适合希望提升WPF图形和图表编程能力的开发者的必备参考资料，无论是初级开发者还是经验丰富的工程师，都能从中获得有价值的指导和灵感。通过阅读这本书，读者将能够构建出功能强大、用户友好的图表解决方案，提升应用程序的可视化体验。

■ CONTENTS

xiii

Creating Surfaces of Revolution.........................................................................................................561

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Surface Shading.......................................................................................................... 563

SurfaceShading Class........................................................................................................................563

Creating Shaded Surfaces .................................................................................................................567

■Chapter 15: 3D Charts Without the WPF 3D Engine...........................................571

3D Coordinate System ................................................................................................571

Azimuth and Elevation View...............................................................................................................571

Creating a Cube..................................................................................................................................573

Chart Style in 3D ......................................................................................................... 578

3D Coordinate Axes............................................................................................................................584

Gridlines.............................................................................................................................................589

Labels.................................................................................................................................................592

Testing the Project.............................................................................................................................599

3D Line Charts............................................................................................................. 601

Implementation..................................................................................................................................601

Testing the Project.............................................................................................................................604

3D Surface Charts.......................................................................................................606

Implementation..................................................................................................................................606

DataSeries Class...........................................................................................................................606

Chart Functions.............................................................................................................................608

DrawSurfaceChart Class...............................................................................................................610

Mesh Charts.......................................................................................................................................614

Curtain Charts ....................................................................................................................................619

Waterfall Charts .................................................................................................................................623

Surface Charts ...................................................................................................................................626

■Chapter 16: Specialized 3D Charts....................................................................633

Implementation...........................................................................................................633

2D Chart Style ....................................................................................................................................633

Draw3DChart Class ............................................................................................................................638

Color Charts on the X-Y Plane..................................................................................... 641

Implementation..................................................................................................................................641

Testing X-Y Color Charts ....................................................................................................................644

Contour Charts............................................................................................................647

Algorithm ...........................................................................................................................................647

Implementation..................................................................................................................................648

Testing Contour Charts ......................................................................................................................652

Combination Charts.....................................................................................................654

X-Y Charts in 3D.................................................................................................................................654

Introduction

Overview

Welcome to Practical WPF Charts and Graphics. This book will provide all the tools you need to

develop professional chart and graphics applications using the Windows Presentation Foundation

(WPF) and C# based on the .NET Framework. I hope this book will be useful for WPF and C#

programmers of all skill levels.

We’ve all heard the saying “A picture’s worth a thousand words.” Charts and graphics play a very

important role in every Windows application. They make data easier to understand, add interest to

reports, and have wide applications in our daily life. The scientific, engineering, and mathematics

community always has a need to present data and results graphically. Microsoft’s .NET platform with C#

and WPF is one of the few and best development tools available for providing the computational

capabilities both to generate data as a simulation engine and to display it in a variety of graphical

representations based on the WPF graphics capability.

As a C# programmer, you are probably already familiar with Windows Forms, the mature and

full-featured development tool. Windows Forms is built on top of the .NET Framework and uses the

Windows Application Programming Interface (API) to create the visual appearance of standard user

interface elements. It provides all kinds of tools for laying out windows, menus, dialogs, and controls.

You can also develop graphics applications based on Windows Forms using the Graphical Device

Interface (GDI+). However, creating a feature-rich graphics application using Windows Forms can be a

difficult and tedious task. For example, Windows Forms provides no tools for creating three-dimensional

(3D) graphics applications. Even a 3D point, the simplest of 3D graphics objects, must be defined first in

a suitable 3D coordinate system before it can be used as a 3D graphics object.

WPF changes the landscape of graphics programming completely. At first, you might think that

WPF just provides another way to create windows, menus, dialogs, and controls. However, WPF has

much more to offer than any other Windows programming framework. It integrates three basic

Windows elements — text, controls, and graphics — into a single programming model and puts these

three elements in the same element tree in the same manner.

Without WPF, developing a graphics application would involve a number of different

technologies, ranging from GDI/GDI+ for 2D graphics to Direct3D or OpenGL for 3D graphics. WPF, on

the contrary, is designed as a single model for graphics application development, providing seamless

integration between such services within an application. Similar constructs can be used for creating

animations, data binding, and 3D models.

To take further advantage of new, powerful graphics hardware technologies, WPF implements a

vector-based graphics model. This allows for graphics to be scaled based on screen-specific resolution

without the loss of image quality, something impossible to do with fixed-size raster graphics. In addition,

WPF leverages Direct3D for vector-based rendering and makes use of the graphics processing unit on

any video card that implements DirectX in hardware.

With WPF, graphics elements can easily be integrated into any part of your user interface. For

example, WPF provides 2D shape elements that can be involved in the user interface (UI) tree like other

elements can. You are free to mix these shapes with any other kind of element, such as a button. The

WPF 3D model is based on Direct3D technology and allows you to create a custom 3D shape library that

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