NX SNAP入门指南：从HelloWorld到高级应用

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本资源是一份名为《SNAP-Getting-Started》的指南，适用于NX软件的SNAP（Siemens Numerical Automation Platform）用户。该文档主要针对NX SNAP的初学者，提供了从入门到进阶的学习路径，版本为12.0，发布于2017年3月。内容涵盖多个章节，旨在帮助读者熟悉SNAP的基础概念、系统要求、编程示例以及如何利用Visual Studio Express进行开发。在第一章“Introduction”中，首先解释了什么是NX SNAP，其目的是为了让读者了解这个平台的主要功能和应用场景。作者鼓励读者探索更多示例和帮助资源，以便更好地理解和掌握SNAP。第二章“Using the NX Journal Editor”详细介绍了如何使用NX Journal Editor进行编程。这部分内容包括： 1. 系统要求，特别提到了使用.NET Framework的要求。 2. 字体约定，确保了代码的清晰可读性。 3. 讲解了几个基础示例，如HelloWorld程序，创建简单几何体，获取用户输入，使用向量以及.NET工具。 4. 进一步展示了如何通过WinForms编写应用程序，同时给出了不同实现方式的对比。 5. 结尾部分提出了一些学习建议，鼓励读者深入实践。第三章“Using Visual Studio Express”着重讲解如何结合Visual Studio Express来开发SNAP应用。内容包括： 1. 如何安装Visual Studio Express，以及SNAP模板的安装。 2. 提醒读者注意软件许可问题，特别是针对SNAP和MiniSNAP的授权情况。 3. 通过更多的HelloWorld示例，逐步介绍变量声明、WinForms的再次运用以及更复杂的编程任务，如模拟工具路径和设计用户界面。 4. 最后，还涵盖了如何在Visual Studio环境中进行调试，以优化代码性能。这份指南是NX SNAP新手和有一定经验开发者的宝贵资源，通过实例和逐步指导，帮助读者掌握SNAP的基本技能，并逐步提升到更高层次的开发能力。无论是系统配置、编程基础还是IDE集成，都能在这里找到相关知识点。

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Chapter 3: Using Visual Studio Express

In the previous chapter, we developed code using the NX Journal Editor. This is a convenient starting point, since it

requires no setup, but it is really a fairly primitive environment. Except for very short programs, it is far better to

use a more powerful “integrated development environment” (IDE). The Microsoft Visual Studio “Express” editions

are free-ware single-language lightweight versions of the Microsoft Visual Studio IDE used by many professional

programmers. The idea, according to Microsoft, is to provide streamlined, easy-to-use IDEs for less serious users,

such as hobbyists, students, and people like you. Express Editions are available for the Visual Basic, C#, and C++

programming languages. In this chapter, we will be focusing on the Visual Basic 2015 Express package.

■

Installing Visual Studio

If you already have some version of Visual Studio 2015 installed on your computer, and you are familiar with it, you

can skip this section and proceed directly to the first example. If not, then the first step is to install the Visual Studio

2015 Express Edition for Windows Desktop, which you can download from here, or numerous other places.

If you can’t find the web page (because the Microsoft folks have moved it again), just search the internet for “Visual

Studio 2015 Community”. Make sure you get the “for Windows Desktop” version. A common mistake is to

download the “for Windows” version, instead, but this is for building Windows store apps, so it’s not what we want.

Follow the instructions to download the package and complete the installation. You will be given the choice of

doing a direct online install (by choosing the .EXE file), or downloading an image that you can burn onto a DVD and

use later (the ISO file). After you’re done, you should see Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 Express on your Programs

menu, and you should see a folder called Visual Studio 2015 in your My Documents folder. If you run into trouble, it

might help to watch this video.

Older versions of Visual Studio will not work because they don’t allow you to use version 4.6 of the .NET

Framework.

Unfortunately, the Visual Studio Express download is much larger than it was when SNAP was first conceived — it

has grown from around 80 MB to over a gigabyte. If you don’t have the patience or disk space to handle a package

this large, you can try the SharpDevelop IDE, instead. It’s only around 15 MB, and provides everything you need.

The instructions you read in this document won’t match SharpDevelop exactly, but it should be fairly easy to adapt.

You’ll need Version 4.x or earlier, as Version 5 no longer supports the Visual Basic language.

In the examples in this chapter, we’ll provide step-by-step instructions for writing the code, just as we did in

chapter 2, so it should be easy to follow. But if you’d like to get some additional information about the Visual Basic

language or Visual Studio, then one good place to start is this series of videos. There is a huge amount of other

tutorial material available on the internet, and you might find other sources preferable, especially if your native

language is not English.

■

Installing SNAP Templates

After installing Visual Studio, you should install three custom templates that we will be using as convenient starting

points when developing SNAP programs. You will find three zip files in […NX]\UGOPEN\SNAP\Templates. Again,

remember that […NX] is just shorthand for the location where NX is installed, which is typically somewhere like

Unrestricted Getting Started with NX SNAP Chapter 3: Using Visual Studio Express Page 15

C:\Program Files\Siemens\NX 12. The names of the files are SnapTemplateVB.zip, SnapBlockFormTemplateVB.zip,

and SnapWinFormTemplateVB.zip. Copy these three zip files into the folder

[My Documents]\Visual Studio 2015\Templates\ProjectTemplates\Visual Basic.

For added clarity and emphasis, here are the same instructions in pictorial form:

Unfortunately, experience has shown that people often do this step wrong, so we’re going to yell at you ...

NOTE: please do not extract the contents from the zip files; just copy the zip files themselves. (Sorry for yelling).

■

Licensing Issues Again

As mentioned in the previous chapter, we provide a free scaled-down version of SNAP called MiniSNAP. The

capabilities of MiniSNAP are quite limited, but it does have enough functions to let you work through the examples

in this chapter and the previous one. As you saw in the previous chapter, you can run code that calls MiniSNAP

functions in the NX Journal Editor, even if you don’t have a SNAP authoring license. In this chapter, we will be

compiling our code within Visual Studio to produce DLLs. If this code calls MiniSNAP functions, then, again, it will

still work even if you don’t have a SNAP authoring license However, as in the previous chapter, you will need to

change the code to import “MiniSnap”, rather than “Snap”.

■

Example 1: Hello World Again

Our first exercise is to create a “Hello World” application again. Sorry, we know it’s boring, but it’s a tradition. After

you get Visual Studio Express installed and running, choose New Project from the File menu. A “project” is the

name Visual Studio uses for a collection of related files. You will see a list of available project templates

Choose the “Snap Application” template. This is a special custom template designed to serve as a convenient

starting point for certain kinds of SNAP applications. Also, give your project a suitable name — something like

“HelloApp” would be good.

Unrestricted Getting Started with NX SNAP Chapter 3: Using Visual Studio Express Page 17

On the other hand, if you’re unlucky, you might get some error messages like these:

It’s not very likely that this problem will occur, so we don’t want to interrupt the flow by discussing all the details

here. The possible causes and corrective actions are described in chapter 17.

At some point, you should save your project by choosing Save All from the File menu. Visual Studio will offer to save

in your Projects folder, whose path is typically something like [My Documents]\Visual Studio 2015\Projects.

Now, we are ready to run our new application. From within NX, choose File  Execute  NX Open (or press Ctrl+U).

Your version of the NX user interface might not have the Execute option installed in the File menu, but the Ctrl+U

shortcut will work anyway.

A dialog will appear that allows you to find your executable. As mentioned earlier, it will be called HelloApp.dll, and

it will be located in [My Documents]\Visual Studio 2015\Projects\HelloApp\HelloApp\bin\Debug, along with two

other files that you don’t need to worry about.

To see HelloApp.dll, make sure you set the “Files of type” filter in the NX dialog to “Dynamic Loadable

Libraries (*.dll)”. Double-click on HelloApp.dll, and a friendly greeting should appear in your NX Info window. If you

can’t find your application, try looking in the bin\Release folder, rather than the bin\Debug folder. If you still can’t

find it, it’s probably because you forgot to save it, or you didn’t set the file type filter correctly.

There’s a useful trick that allows you to locate your executable quickly. When you build the application, some text

like this will appear in the “Output” pane at the bottom of your Visual Studio window:

If the output pane is not visible, press Ctrl+Alt+O to display it (that’s the letter O, not the number zero). You can

then just copy the pathname of the newly-created application (highlighted in yellow above) and paste it into the

“Execute” dialog within NX. This technique is highly recommended — it avoids all the hunting around folders that

we described above, and it ensures that you are running the code that you just built. You only have to do this once

per NX session, because NX will remember the location for you.

If you don’t have a SNAP Author license, you will need to change “Snap” to “MiniSnap” in the first line of code, as

you did in chapter 2.

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Example 2: Declaring Variables

This example is a variation on Example 4 from the previous chapter — we will do some vector calculations to

compute the radius of a circle through three points. But this time we will declare the variables we use, to see how

this affects things.

If your previous project is still open in Visual Studio, close it by choosing File  Close Project. Then choose New

Project from the File menu, use the Snap Application template to create a project, and give it the name

ThreePointRadius, or something like that.

As before, add the line Option Explicit Off at the top of the file. For reasons explained below, this is the last time

we’re going to do this in our examples.

Then, replace the line “Your code goes here” with the following code

p1 = Snap.UI.Input.GetPosition("Specify first point") ' Get first point from user

p2 = Snap.UI.Input.GetPosition("Specify second point") ' Get second point

p3 = Snap.UI.Input.GetPosition("Specify third point") ' Get third point

u = p2.Position - p1.Position ' Vector from p1 to p2

v = p3.Position - p1.Position ' Vector from p1 to p3

uu = u * u ' Dot product of vectors

uv = u * v

vv = v * v

det = uu * vv - uv * uv ' Determinant for solving linear equations

alpha = (uu * vv - uv * vv) / (2 * det) ' Bad code !! Should check that det is not zero

beta = (uu * vv - uu * uv) / (2 * det)

rvec = alpha * u + beta * v ' Radius vector

radius = Vector.Norm(rvec) ' Radius is length (norm) of this vector

InfoWindow.WriteLine(radius) ' Output to Info window

Again, you can gain some experience with Intellisense if you type this code, rather than copying and pasting it. The

only thing that’s new here is the function GetPosition, which allows you to get a point location from the user by

means of the usual NX Point Subfunction.

As before, you can save this project, build it, and run it from within NX using File  Execute  NX Open (or Ctrl+U).

Now let’s see what happens if you make a typing error. Change the line that calculates “det” to read

det = uu * vv - uv * u

In other words, change the last term from “uv” to “u”. Then build the project and try running it again. It will still

build successfully, but when you run it from within NX, you’ll get an error message like this:

If you choose Help  Log File from within NX, and hunt around the NX System Log, you will find some more error

messages about 50 lines from the bottom, most notably these ones

+++ Overload resolution failed because no Public '-' can be called with these arguments:

Argument matching parameter 'u' cannot convert from 'Double' to 'Vector'.

Obviously it would be much better to discover errors like this earlier, as you’re writing the code, rather than when

you run the application. And, in fact, you can, if you change the way you write the code, and give the compiler a

little more information. The key is a process called “declaring” variables, which lets us tell the compiler about their

types.

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