Linux内核架构详解:专业指南,深入理解关键模块

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《Professional Linux® Kernel Architecture》是一本由Wolfgang Mauerer编著的专业级Linux内核架构指南,适合深入理解操作系统内部运作机制的读者。该书不同于传统的理论密集型教程,而是注重实际操作和关键代码剖析,旨在帮助读者在众多辅助代码中找到内核的核心逻辑,从而更好地支持应用程序的开发和性能优化。 书中涵盖了一系列核心主题,如: 1. **引言与概述** (Introduction and Overview):为读者提供整体视角,介绍内核架构的基本概念和设计原则。 2. **进程管理和调度** (Process Management and Scheduling):讲解内核如何管理多个进程,包括调度算法、上下文切换等。 3. **内存管理** (Memory Management):详细解析虚拟内存的分配、回收以及页表管理,涉及物理内存和虚拟地址空间的关系。 4. **虚拟进程内存** (Virtual Process Memory):深入探讨如何在多进程环境中维护隔离的内存空间。 5. **锁定和进程间通信** (Locking and Interprocess Communication):讨论内核如何确保数据的一致性和并发控制。 6. **设备驱动程序** (Device Drivers):阐述设备驱动的编写和注册,以及它们与内核接口的交互。 7. **模块** (Modules):介绍模块化设计,如何通过加载动态代码来扩展内核功能。 8. **虚拟文件系统** (The Virtual Filesystem):解释文件系统的抽象层,包括VFS(Virtual File System)的结构和工作原理。 9. **网络** (Networks):涉及网络接口、协议栈和套接字编程的基础知识。 10. **系统调用** (System Calls):讲解用户态与内核态之间的通信,是应用程序与内核交互的关键接口。 11. **内核活动** (Kernel Activities):涵盖核心服务和后台任务,如定时器、中断处理等。 12. **时间管理** (Timemanagement):包括定时器、进程调度周期等。 13. **页面和缓冲缓存** (Page and Buffer Cache):优化数据访问性能的技术。 14. **数据同步** (Data Synchronization):探讨信号量、互斥锁等同步机制。 15. **页面回收和交换** (Page Reclaim and Swapping):处理内存不足时的内存管理策略。 16. **审计** (Auditing):内核安全性的重要部分,记录和监控关键操作。 除了理论部分,作者还提供了实用的附件,如架构细节、源代码工作方法、C语言技巧、系统启动过程和ELF二进制格式的深入解析,以及开发流程指南。《Professional Linux® Kernel Architecture》是一本结合了理论与实践,适合Linux内核开发者、系统管理员以及对操作系统感兴趣的高级读者阅读的宝贵参考书。尽管书中可能会遇到专业缩写的挑战,但其丰富的图解和精炼的核心代码展示将大大提升学习效率。
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Publisher: Wrox Page : 1371 This book discusses the concepts, structure, and implementation of the Linux kernel. In particular, the individual chapters cover the following topics: ❑ Chapter 1 provides an overview of the Linux kernel and describes the big picture that is investigated more closely in the following chapters. ❑ Chapter 2 talks about the basics of multitasking, scheduling, and process management, and investigates how these fundamental techniques and abstractions are implemented. ❑ Chapter 3 discusses how physical memory is managed. Both the interaction with hardware and the in-kernel distribution of RAM via the buddy system and the slab allocator are covered. ❑ Chapter 4 proceeds to describe how userland processes experience virtual memory, and the comprehensive data structures and actions required from the kernel to implement this view. ❑ Chapter 5 introduces the mechanisms required to ensure proper operation of the kernel on multiprocessor systems. Additionally, it covers the related question of how processes can communicate with each other. ❑ Chapter 6 walks you through the means for writing device drivers that are required to add support for new hardware to the kernel. ❑ Chapter 7 explains how modules allow for dynamically adding new functionality to the kernel. ❑ Chapter 8 discusses the virtual filesystem, a generic layer of the kernel that allows for supporting a wide range of different filesystems, both physical and virtual. ❑ Chapter 9 describes the extended filesystem family, that is, the Ext2 and Ext3 filesystems that are the standard workhorses of many Linux installations. ❑ Chapter 10 goes on to discuss procfs and sysfs, two filesystems that are not designed to store information, but to present meta-information about the kernel to userland. Additionally, a number of means to ease writing filesystems are presented. ❑ Chapter 11 shows how extended attributes and access control lists that can help to improve system security are implemented. ❑ Chapter 12 discusses the networking implementation of the kernel, with a specific focus on IPv4, TCP, UDP, and netfilter. ❑ Chapter 13 introduces how systems calls that are the standard way to request a kernel action from userland are implemented. ❑ Chapter 14 analyzes how kernel activities are triggered with interrupts, and presents means of deferring work to a later point in time. ❑ Chapter 15 shows how the kernel handles all time-related requirements, both with low and high resolution. ❑ Chapter 16 talks about speeding up kernel operations with the help of the page and buffer caches. ❑ Chapter 17 discusses how cached data in memory are synchronized with their sources on persistent storage devices. ❑ Chapter 18 introduces how page reclaim and swapping work.