iPhone人机界面设计指南：中文版详解与交互要点

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《已解锁-中文版iPhone+HIG_iPhone人机界面导引（交互设计指南）》是一份针对iOS平台的交互设计指导文档，它是由浙江科技学院交互设计与用户研究实验室师生团队根据Apple开发者官方网站提供的英文原文进行翻译的。这份中文版指南提供了关于如何设计适应iPhone特性的应用程序的重要信息，包括iPhone OS平台的特点、用户界面设计原则以及不同类型的iPhone应用开发策略。首先，文档强调了iPhone OS平台的特性，如屏幕尺寸紧凑、内存有限，这要求设计师在界面布局和功能设计上考虑到空间效率和性能优化。同时，由于iPhone用户一次只能查看和操作一个应用程序，所以设计时需确保单一任务的专注体验，减少不必要的用户引导和帮助信息。文档分为两大部分，第一部分是“规划你的iPhone软件产品”，其中包含章节“iPhone OS平台：丰富的可能性”。这部分详细探讨了开发者可以选择的不同路径，比如开发本地应用程序（如备忘录）、基于网络的内容（如社交媒体应用）或混合应用程序（如日历应用），并且介绍了三种主要的应用类型：生产力应用、社交网络应用和混合型应用。第二部分则没有在摘要中详述，但可以推测会涉及应用的开发流程、用户体验设计的最佳实践、多线程技术在iPhone中的应用以及iAd（In-App Advertising，内嵌广告）的整合。值得注意的是，关于声音设置和自定义图标的部分，由于翻译工作尚未全面更新，可能需要查阅最新版本获取完整信息。此外，文档还注明了翻译团队成员名单，包括译者、编辑校对者以及负责总体规划的人员，并表示对于翻译中的不妥之处欢迎读者提出指正。整个文档遵循创作共享CC协议，反映了作者们严谨的工作态度和对同行的尊重。《已解锁-中文版iPhone+HIG_iPhone人机界面导引（交互设计指南）》是iPhone开发者和设计师不可或缺的参考资源，提供了一套实用且符合苹果设计理念的指导原则，帮助创建出流畅、高效的iPhone应用程序。

Webpages that are optimized for Safari on iPhone display and operate as designed (with

the exception of any elements that rely on unsupported technologies, such as plug-ins, Flash,

and Java). In addition, an optimized webpage correctly scales content for the device screen and

is often designed to detect when it is being viewed on iPhone OS–based devices, so that it can

adjust the content it provides accordingly.

网页被优化以显示并运行于iPhone的safari上（一些例外的元素除外，一般是不被支持的技术，像插件，

Flash和Java）。此外，被优化的网页可以缩放尺寸应该符合设备的屏幕，并且被设计为可以检测到（通

过检测User-Agent(UA)，并自动调整内容。）当它在iPhone OS设备上被观看时，能提供适合的相应内

容。

■ Compatible webpages 兼容网页

Webpages that are compatible with Safari on iPhone display and operate as designed (with the

exception of any elements that rely on unsupported technologies, such as plug-ins, Flash, and

Java). A compatible webpage does not tend to take extra steps to optimize the viewing

experience on iPhone OS–based devices, but the device usually displays the page successfully.

iPhone的safari上的兼容网页的显示和运作就像被设计过一样（除了一些例外的元素如不能被支持的技

术，象插件，flash和java）。一个兼容的网页并不倾向于采取额外的步骤去优化基于iPhone OS的设备的

视觉体验，但是iPhone设备通常显示页面成功。

If you have an existing website or web application, first ensure that it works well on iPhone OS–

based devices. Also, you should consider creating a custom icon users can put on their Home

screens using the Web Clip feature. In effect, this allows users to keep on their Home Screens a

bookmark to your website that looks like a native application icon. To learn more about

creating a custom icon and how to make web content look great on iPhone OS–based devices,

see iPhone Human Interface Guidelines for Web Applications.

如果你有一个已存在的网站或者网页应用程序，首先确保他能在以iPhone OS的设备上运作良好。此外，

你应该考虑创建一个自定义图标，使用户能将该网页的剪辑变成图标，放在主屏幕上。实际上，这允许

用户在他们的主屏幕上保留网站的书签，而看起来就像是本机应用程序的图标。要了解更多关于自定义

图标的创建和如何使网页内容在设备上看起来好看，请看

iPhone Human Interface Guidelines for Web

Application

。

Hybrid Applications 混合应用程序

With iPhone OS, you can create an application that combines features of native applications

and webpages. A hybrid application is a native iPhone application that provides most of its

structure and functionality through a web viewing area, but also tends to contain standard

iPhone OS user interface elements.

在iPhone OS上，你能创建一个结合本机应用程序和网页功能的应用程序。混合应用程序是一个iPhone

本机的应用程序，其通过网页视图区域提供大多数的本地程序的结构和功能，而且包含标准的iPhone OS

的用户界面元素。

A hybrid application gives users access to web content with an element called a web view

(described in “Web Views”(page 104)). Precisely how you use a web view in your application is

up to you, but it’s important to avoid giving users the impression that your application is

merely a mini web browser. A hybrid application should behave and appear like a native iPhone

application; it should not draw attention to the fact that it depends upon web sources.

混合应用程序给予用户一个访问网页内容的入口，叫做网络视图的元素（ “Web Views”中有描述）。

如何在应用程序上运用网页视图完全取决于设计者，但重要的是避免给用户一个该应用程序只是个迷你

浏览器的印象。混合应用程序应该在操控行为和外观上于iPhone本地应用程序一样；并且不应该将注意

力集中在依赖于网络资源上。

Three Application Styles 三个类型的应用程序

This document identifies three application styles, based on visual and behavioral characteristics,

data model, and user experience. Before you read further, it’s important to emphasize that

these varieties are named and described to help you clarify some of your design decisions, not

to imply that there is a rigid classification scheme that all iPhone software must follow. Instead,

these styles are described to help you see how different approaches can be suitable for

different types of information and functionality.

这段文档定义了3种应用程序的风格，是基于视觉和行为特征，数据模型，和用户体验。在进一步阅读之

前，要强调的是这么多的命名和描述，是帮助你厘清设计决定；并不意味着这里有一个所有iPhone软件

都必须遵循的一个僵化的分类方案。相反，这些样式描述可以帮助你了解不同的方法可以适用于不同类

型的信息和功能。

Note: Bear in mind that application style does not dictate implementation method. This

document focuses on designing native iPhone applications, but the application styles

explored here can be implemented in web or hybrid applications for iPhone OS–based

devices.

注：请记住，应用程序的样式不决定实施的方法，以上这段文档比较注重于设计iPhone本地应用程

序，但是应用程序的风格探索也可以在网页或者混合应用程序里面实施。

As you read about these three application styles, think about how the characteristics of each

might enhance your proposed feature set and the overall user experience you plan to deliver in

your iPhone application. To help you discover the combination of characteristics that best suit

your application, keep the following questions in mind as you learn about different design

styles for iPhone applications:

当你在阅读这三个应用程序的样式，应思考如何通过每一个特性来提升你设想的性能，以及你期望在该

iPhone应用程序中所能感受到的用户体验。为了帮助你发现最适合于你应用程序的特性，请记住下面的

问题，当你学习关于iPhone应用程序的不同设计样式时：

■ What do you expect to be the user’s motivation for using the application?

你希望用户使用该应用程序的动机是什么？

■ What do you intend to be the user’s experience while using the application?

你想要给用户什么样的体验当他使用该应用程序时？

■ What is the goal or focus of your application?

该应用程序设计的目标或者关注点是什么？

■ How does your application organize and display the information people care about? Is there

a natural organization associated with the main task of the application?

你的应用程序是如何组织和显示人们所关心的信息？是否有一个自然的组织与应用程序的主要任务相关

联？

Productivity Applications 生产力辅助程序

A productivity application enables tasks that are based on the organization and manipulation

of detailed information. People use productivity applications to accomplish important tasks.

Mail is a good example of a productivity application.

生产力辅助程序用来完成对具体信息进行组织和操作的任务。人们使用生产力辅助程序完成重要的任务。

邮件是一个关于生产力辅助程序的很好的例子。

Seriousness of purpose does not mean that productivity applications should attempt to appear

serious by providing a dry, uninspiring user experience, but it does mean that users appreciate a

streamlined approach that does not hinder them. To this end, successful productivity

applications keep the user experience focused on the task, so people can quickly find what they

need, easily perform the necessary actions, complete the task, and move on to something else.

严肃的目的并不意味着生产力辅助程序应出现严肃的表达，一个枯燥，缺乏启发性的用户体验。相反，

它意味着用户欣赏不妨碍他们的流畅的解决之道。为此，成功的生产力辅助程序应保持将用户体验聚焦

到任务上，以便人们可以迅速找到他们需要什么，容易执行必要的行动，完成任务，并且转移到别的事

物上。

Productivity applications often organize user data hierarchically. In this way, people can find

information by making progressively more specific choices until they arrive at the desired level

of detail. iPhone OS provides table elements that make this process extremely efficient on

■ Drilling down through successive levels of detail until the desired level is reached, then

performing tasks with the information on that level逐步细化信息直到所期望的详细程度，然后执行

对应的级别的任务

Productivity applications tend to use multiple views, usually displaying one level of the

hierarchy per view. The user interface tends to be simple, uncluttered, and composed of

standard views and controls. Productivity applications do not tend to customize the interface

much, because the focus is on the information and the task, and not as much on the

environment or the experience.

生产力辅助应用程序倾向于使用多个视图，通常会在每个视图显示一个级别的信息。用户界面倾向于简

洁，并由标准的视图和控件组成。生产力辅助应用程序不太倾向于自定义界面，因为其的专注于信息和

任务，而不是环境或体验。

Among all types of iPhone applications, a productivity application is the most likely to supply

preferences, or settings, the user can specify in the Settings application. This is because

productivity applications work with lots of information and, potentially, many ways to access

and manage it. It’s important to emphasize, however, that the user should seldom need to

change these settings, so the settings should not target simple configuration changes that

could be handled in the main user interface.

在所有的 iPhone 应用程序中，生产力辅助应用程序是最有可能在“设置应用程序”中提供具体的用户

选项或者设置功能。这是因为生产力辅助应用程序处理着大量的信息，因而也就有许多方法来访问和管

理它们。需要强调的是，用户须很少需要更改这些设置，所以，这些设置不应该放在绑定程序主界面的

简单配置内。

Utility Applications实用工具程序

A utility application performs a simple task that requires a minimum of user input. People open

a utility application to see a quick summary of information or to perform a simple task on a

limited number of objects. The Weather application (shown in Figure 1-2) is a good example of

a utility application because it displays a narrowly focused amount of information in an

easy-to-scan summary.

实用工具程序用于执行简单的，很少需要用户输入的任务。人们打开一个实用工具程序是为了查看一段

快速的信息摘要，或者对有限的几个对象执行一个简单的操作。这个天气预报程序（图1-2）是一个很好

的例子，因为它将一系列信息以一种很方便阅览的方式展示出来。

Figure 1-2 Weather is an example of a utility application 气象预报，实用工具程序案例

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