IEC 62368-1：视听与通信技术设备安全标准

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"IEC 62368-1:2014 ed.2 是一份关于视听、消费电子及通信技术设备安全要求的国际标准，旨在替代IEC 60950-1和IEC 60065。这份标准由国际电工委员会（IEC）发布，具有全球权威性，其技术委员会和分技术委员会广泛参与国际标准的制定。IEC 62368-1涵盖了产品安全的各种细节，确保这些设备在使用过程中的安全性。" IEC 62368-1标准详细说明了视听、信息和通信技术设备的安全要求，是这个领域的一个关键参考。该标准的第二版于2014年发布，它规定了设备的设计、制造和测试应遵循的安全准则，以防止电气、热、机械、火源等潜在危险。标准的目的是保护用户免受可能因使用这些设备而产生的伤害，包括电击、火灾、过热和机械伤害等。标准的范围不仅限于产品本身，还涵盖了设备的安装、操作和维护，确保整个生命周期内的安全。它涵盖了以下几个主要方面： 1. 电气安全：包括电源输入、绝缘、接地、电磁兼容性(EMC)等方面，确保设备在正常和异常条件下都不会对使用者造成危害。 2. 热防护：规定了设备散热和防止过热的措施，以防止火灾和烫伤风险。 3. 机械安全：涉及设备的结构设计，如防止尖锐边缘、移动部件的防护和稳定性要求，以减少物理伤害的风险。 4. 火源控制：对于可能产生火花或过热的部件，标准要求采取适当的预防措施。 5. 化学物质：考虑了材料选择，避免有害物质的使用和释放，保护用户健康。 6. 用户交互：明确了用户界面的安全要求，如警告标志、操作说明等，确保用户正确使用设备。 IEC 62368-1的实施和更新反映了技术发展和安全意识的提高。随着新版本的推出，制造商必须遵守这些更新的规定，以满足全球市场准入要求。同时，标准的国际化意味着全球范围内的统一标准，有助于简化国际贸易和提高消费者信心。此外，IEC作为全球电工标准化的主要机构，不断推进和更新标准以适应行业发展。截至2000年底，IEC已制定了4885个国际标准，表明了其在标准化工作中的重要地位。对于制造商和监管机构来说，熟悉并遵循IEC标准是确保产品符合国际安全要求的关键。

62368-1 © IEC:2014 – 15 –

Figure 44 – Limits for moving fan blades made of plastic materials ..................................... 152

Figure D.1 – 1,2/50 µs and 10/700 µs voltage impulse generator ........................................ 191

Figure D.2 – Antenna interface test generator circuit .......................................................... 192

Figure D.3 – Example of an electronic pulse generator ....................................................... 192

Figure E.1 – Band-pass filter for wide-band noise measurement ......................................... 194

Figure F.1 – Example of an instructional safeguard ............................................................. 203

Figure G.1 – Determination of arithmetic average temperature ........................................... 215

Figure G.2 – Thermal ageing time ....................................................................................... 241

Figure G.3 – Abrasion resistance test for coating layers ..................................................... 242

Figure H.1 – Definition of ringing period and cadence cycle ................................................ 247

Figure H.2 – I

TS1

limit curve for cadenced ringing signal ................................................... 248

Figure H.3 – Peak and peak-to-peak currents ..................................................................... 248

Figure H.4 – Ringing voltage trip criteria ............................................................................. 250

Figure M.1 – Distance d as a function of the rated capacity for various charge currents

I (mA/Ah) ............................................................................................................................ 272

Figure O.1 – Narrow groove ................................................................................................ 275

Figure O.2 – Wide groove ................................................................................................... 275

Figure O.3 – V-shaped groove ............................................................................................ 276

Figure O.4 – Intervening unconnected conductive part ........................................................ 276

Figure O.5 – Rib ................................................................................................................. 276

Figure O.6 – Uncemented joint with narrow groove ............................................................. 276

Figure O.7 – Uncemented joint with wide groove ................................................................ 277

Figure O.8 – Uncemented joint with narrow and wide grooves ............................................ 277

Figure O.9 – Narrow recess ................................................................................................ 278

Figure O.10 – Wide recess ................................................................................................. 278

Figure O.11– Coating around terminals ............................................................................... 278

Figure O.12 – Coating over printed wiring ........................................................................... 279

Figure O.13 – Example of measurements in an enclosure of insulating material.................. 279

Figure O.14 – Cemented joints in multi-layer printed boards ............................................... 280

Figure O.15 – Device filled with insulating compound ......................................................... 280

Figure O.16 – Partitioned bobbin ........................................................................................ 280

Figure O.17 – Materials with different CTI values ................................................................ 281

Figure O.18 – Materials with different CTI values having an air gap of less than X mm ....... 281

Figure O.19 – Materials with different CTI values having an air groove of

less than X mm ................................................................................................................... 282

Figure O.20 – Materials with different CTI values having an air groove not smaller

than X mm .......................................................................................................................... 282

Figure P.1 – Examples of cross-sections of designs of top openings which prevent

vertical entry ....................................................................................................................... 284

Figure P.2 – Examples of cross-sections of designs of side opening louvres which

prevent vertical entry .......................................................................................................... 284

Figure P.3 – Internal volume locus for foreign object entry .................................................. 285

Figure T.1 – Impact test using sphere ................................................................................. 300

Figure V.1 – Jointed test probe for equipment likely to be accessible to children................. 306

Figure V.2 – Jointed test probe for equipment not likely to be accessible to children ........... 307

– 16 – 62368-1 © IEC:2014

Figure V.3 – Blunt probe ..................................................................................................... 308

Figure V.4 – Wedge probe .................................................................................................. 309

Figure V.5 – Terminal probe ............................................................................................... 310

Table 1 – Response to energy class ..................................................................................... 23

Table 2 – Examples of body response or property damage related to energy sources ........... 24

Table 3 – Examples of safeguard characteristics .................................................................. 28

Table 4 – Electrical energy source limits for steady-state ES1 and ES2 ................................ 75

Table 5 – Electrical energy source limits for a charged capacitor .......................................... 77

Table 6 – Voltage limits for single pulses .............................................................................. 78

Table 7 – Current limits for single pulses .............................................................................. 78

Table 8 – Electrical energy source limits for repetitive pulses ............................................... 79

Table 9 – Minimum air gap distance ...................................................................................... 80

Table 10 – Temperature limits for materials, components and systems ................................. 83

Table 11 – Minimum clearances for voltages with frequencies up to 30 kHz .......................... 89

Table 12 – Minimum clearances for voltages with frequencies above 30 kHz ........................ 90

Table 13 – Mains transient voltages ...................................................................................... 91

Table 14 – External circuit transient voltages ........................................................................ 93

Table 15 – Minimum clearances using required withstand voltage......................................... 95

Table 16 – Electric strength test voltages ............................................................................. 96

Table 17 – Multiplication factors for clearances and test voltages ......................................... 96

Table 18 – Minimum creepage distances for basic insulation and supplementary

insulation in mm .................................................................................................................. 100

Table 19 – Minimum values of creepage distances (in mm) for frequencies higher than

30 kHz and up to 400 kHz ................................................................................................... 101

Table 20 – Tests for insulation in non-separable layers ....................................................... 104

Table 21 – Electric field strength E

for some commonly used materials ............................ 108

Table 22 – Reduction factors for the value of breakdown electric field strength E

higher frequencies .............................................................................................................. 109

Table 23 – Reduction factors for the value of breakdown electric field strength E

higher frequencies for thin materials ................................................................................... 109

Table 24 – Values for insulation resistance ......................................................................... 110

Table 25 – Distance through insulation of internal wiring..................................................... 111

Table 26 – Test voltages for electric strength tests based on transient voltages .................. 113

Table 27 – Test voltages for electric strength tests based on peak working voltages ........... 113

Table 28 – Test voltages for electric strength tests based on temporary overvoltages ......... 114

Table 29 – Test values for electric strength tests ................................................................ 116

Table 30 – Protective earthing conductor sizes for reinforced safeguards for

permanently connected equipment ...................................................................................... 123

Table 31 – Minimum protective bonding conductor size of copper conductors ..................... 124

Table 32 – Sizes of terminals for protective conductors ...................................................... 126

Table 33 – Test duration, mains connected equipment ........................................................ 127

Table 34 – Size and spacing of holes in metal bottoms of fire enclosures ........................... 148

Table 35 – Classification for various categories of mechanical energy sources ................... 151

Table 36 – Overview of requirements and tests ................................................................... 158

62368-1 © IEC:2014 – 17 –

Table 37 – Torque to be applied to screws .......................................................................... 162

Table 38 – Touch temperature limits for accessible parts .................................................... 169

Table 39 – Radiation energy source classifications ............................................................. 171

Table C.1 – Minimum property retention limits after UV exposure ....................................... 189

Table D.1 – Component values for Figure D.1 and Figure D.2 ............................................. 192

Table E.1 – Audio signal electrical energy source classes and safeguards ......................... 194

Table F.1 – Instructional safeguard element description and examples ............................... 203

Table F.2 – Examples of markings, instructions, and instructional safeguards ..................... 204

Table G.1 – Peak surge current .......................................................................................... 206

Table G.2 – Test temperature and testing time (days) per cycle .......................................... 212

Table G.3 – Temperature limits for transformer windings and for motor windings

(except for the motor running overload test) ........................................................................ 215

Table G.4 – Temperature limits for running overload tests .................................................. 217

Table G.5 – Sizes of conductors ......................................................................................... 223

Table G.6– Strain relief test force ....................................................................................... 224

Table G.7 – Varistor overload and temporary overvoltage test ............................................ 228

Table G.8 – Capacitor ratings according to IEC 60384-14 ................................................... 234

Table G.9 – Examples of the application of Y capacitors based on the test voltages of

Table 26 ............................................................................................................................. 235

Table G.10 – Examples of the application of Y capacitors based on the test voltages of

Table 27 ............................................................................................................................. 236

Table G.11 – Examples of the application of Y capacitors based on the test voltages of

Table 28 ............................................................................................................................. 236

Table G.12 – Examples of the application of X capacitors, line to line or line to neutral ...... 237

Table G.13 – Minimum separation distances for coated printed boards ............................... 239

Table G.14 – Insulation in printed boards ............................................................................ 240

Table I.1 – Overvoltage categories ..................................................................................... 251

Table J.1 – Mandrel diameter.............................................................................................. 253

Table J.2 – Oven temperature ............................................................................................. 254

Table M.1 – Values of f

and f

.......................................................................................... 269

Table O.1 – Value of X ........................................................................................................ 275

Table Q.1 – Limits for inherently limited power sources ...................................................... 290

Table Q.2 – Limits for power sources not inherently limited (overcurrent protective

device required) .................................................................................................................. 29

Table S.1 – Foamed materials ............................................................................................ 297

Table S.2 – Rigid materials ................................................................................................. 297

Table S.3 – Very thin materials ........................................................................................... 297

Table T.1 – Impact force ..................................................................................................... 301

Table T.2 – Torque values for end-piece test ...................................................................... 302

Table W.1 – Comparison of terms and definitions in IEC 60664-1:2007 and

IEC 62368-1 ....................................................................................................................... 311

Table W.2 – Comparison of terms and definitions in IEC 61140:2001 and IEC 62368-1 ...... 313

Table W.3 – Comparison of terms and definitions in IEC 60950-1:2005 and

IEC 62368-1 ....................................................................................................................... 316

Table W.4 – Comparison of terms and definitions in IEC 60728-11 and IEC 62368-1 .......... 319

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________

AUDIO/VIDEO, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT –

Part 1: Safety requirements

FOREWORD

1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising

all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote

international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To

this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,

Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC

Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested

in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-

governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely

with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by

agreement between the two organizations.

2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international

consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all

interested IEC National Committees.

3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National

Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC

Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any

misinterpretation by any end user.

4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications

transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence

between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in

the latter.

5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity

assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any

services carried out by independent certification bodies.

6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.

7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and

members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or

other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and

expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC

Publications.

8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is

indispensable for the correct application of this publication.

9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of

patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard IEC 62368-1 has been prepared by TC 108: Safety of electronic

equipment within the field of audio/video, information technology and communication

technology.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2010. It constitutes a

technical revision.

This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous

edition:

– addition of requirements for LEDs;

– new requirements for wall and ceiling mounting means;

– addition of acoustic shock requirements for personal music players;

– revision of the battery requirements, including new requirements for coin / button cell batteries;

–

revision of the burn requirements.

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