深入解析：Word(.doc)二进制文件格式

Word2003

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"MS-DOC.pdf 是一份关于 Microsoft Word 旧版 .doc 文档二进制文件格式的技术文档，描述了 Word 2003 及更早版本的文档数据组织结构。与较新的 .docx 格式不同，.doc 文档采用全二进制方式存储，而非 .docx 的 XML 压缩方式。这份文档对于理解 .doc 文件的读取和存储机制非常有帮助，适合开发者参考以实现对 .doc 文件的支持。" 《Word (.doc) 二进制文件格式》是微软在2018年12月11日发布的技术文档，它详细阐述了旧版 Word 文档的内部结构和存储机制。该文档涵盖了版权信息、技术文档的使用授权以及 Word 文件的核心技术细节。首先，关于知识产权，微软公开了这些开放规格文档，包括协议、文件格式、数据可移植性、计算机语言和标准支持。尽管这些文档受到微软的版权保护，但开发者可以复制并使用这些文档来开发描述的技术的实现，并在必要的时候在自己的实现或文档中分发部分内容，只要正确地记录实施这些技术。文档的主要内容涉及 Word (.doc) 文件的二进制布局。在 .doc 文件中，所有数据都以非结构化的二进制流形式存储，包括文本、样式、图片、表格和其他格式化信息。这种格式与 .docx 文件的基于 XML 的结构化存储方式截然不同。在 .docx 文件中，内容被分解成多个 XML 文件，然后打包到一个 ZIP 压缩文件中。在 .doc 文件中，二进制数据流包含了各种记录，每个记录代表文档中的一个特定元素或信息，如段落、字符格式、图片位置等。这些记录的顺序和结构定义了整个文档的内容和布局。开发者需要解析这些记录，理解它们的含义和相互关系，才能有效地读取和写入 .doc 文件。此外，文档可能还包含关于记录类型、字段标识、数据编码和解码的详细信息，这些都是实现读写 .doc 文件的关键。例如，如何处理文字的字体、大小、颜色，如何解析和重建图形和图像，以及如何处理页眉、页脚、页码等复杂元素。在实现对 .doc 文件的支持时，开发者需要考虑兼容性和错误处理，因为旧版本的 Word 文件可能存在不一致性和bug。理解文档的二进制格式可以帮助开发者更精确地识别和修复这些问题。这份文档是深入理解 .doc 文件格式的宝贵资源，对于那些需要处理旧版 Word 文档的软件开发者来说，它是实现文件读取、编辑和保存功能的重要参考。

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Word (.doc) Binary File Format

Release: December 11, 2018

code page: An ordered set of characters of a specific script in which a numerical index (code-point

value) is associated with each character. Code pages are a means of providing support for

character sets and keyboard layouts used in different countries. Devices such as the display

and keyboard can be configured to use a specific code page and to switch from one code page

(such as the United States) to another (such as Portugal) at the user's request.

Component Object Model (COM): An object-oriented programming model that defines how

objects interact within a single process or between processes. In COM, clients have access to an

object through interfaces implemented on the object. For more information, see [MS-DCOM].

connection string: A series of arguments, delimited by a semicolon, that defines the location of a

database and how to connect to it.

custom toolbar: A type of toolbar that contains a user-defined set of controls and is not included

in an application by default. A custom toolbar has a toolbar identifier value of "1".

custom toolbar control: A user-defined control that can be added to a toolbar. A custom toolbar

control has a toolbar control identifier (TCID) value of "1" and can be one of the following

types of controls: ActiveX, Button, ComboBox, DropDown, Edit, or Popup.

deletion point: A position between two existing characters, or a position before or after a

character, where text was removed. If a caret is positioned at a deletion point, the point can

retain unique formatting and that formatting can be reapplied to any text that is inserted at the

deletion point.

digital signature: A value that is generated by using a digital signature algorithm, taking as input

a private key and an arbitrary-length string, such that a specific verification algorithm is

satisfied by the value, the input string, and the public key corresponding to the input private

key.

document: An object in a content database such as a file, folder, list, or site. Each object is

identified by a URI.

document grid: A feature that enables the precise layout of full-width East Asian language

characters by specifying the number of characters per line and the number of lines per page.

document template: A file that serves as the basis for new documents.

East Asian character: A character that is part of the Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese,

Japanese, or Korean character set.

East Asian language: A spoken or written communication that consists of words that are used

within the grammatical and syntactic structure of Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese,

Japanese, or Korean.

East Asian line breaking rules: A set of algorithms that define how text is parsed and displayed

to ensure that line breaks and word wraps follow the rules of various East Asian languages,

including Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Korean.

end of cell mark: A character with a hexadecimal value of "0x07" that is used to indicate the end

of a cell in a table.

end of row mark: The combination of a character, hexadecimal value of "0x07", and a paragraph

property, sprmPFTtp, that is used to indicate the end of a row in a table.

endnote: A note that appears at the end of a section or document and that is referenced by text in

the main body of the document. An endnote consists of two linked parts, a reference mark

within the main body of text and the corresponding text of the note.

endnote continuation notice: A set of characters indicating that an endnote continues to the

next page. The default notice is blank.

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endnote continuation separator: A set of characters that indicates the end of document text on

a page and the beginning of endnotes that continue from the preceding page.

endnote separator: A set of characters that separates document text from endnotes about that

text. The default separator is a horizontal line.

field: An element or attribute in a data source that can contain data.

field type: A name that identifies the action or effect that a field has within a document. Examples

of field types are Author, Page, Comments, and Date.

file allocation table (FAT): A data structure that the operating system creates when a volume is

formatted by using FAT or FAT32 file systems. The operating system stores information about

each file in the FAT so that it can retrieve the file later.

footer: One or more lines of text in the bottom margin area of a page in a document or a slide in a

presentation. A footer typically contains elements such as the page number and the name of the

file.

footnote: A note that appears at the end of a page, section, chapter, or publication. It explains,

comments on, or provides references for text in the main body of a document. A footnote

consists of two linked parts, a reference mark within the main body of the document and the

corresponding text of the note.

footnote continuation notice: A set of characters indicating that a footnote continues to the next

page. The default notice is blank.

footnote continuation separator: A set of characters that indicates the end of document text on

a page and the beginning of footnotes that continue from the preceding page.

footnote separator: A set of characters that separates document text from footnotes about that

text. The default separator is a horizontal line.

form field: A data-entry area on a webpage, document, or form.

format consistency checker: An application that applies a wavy blue underline to text where the

formatting is similar, but not identical, to comparable text in a document.

format consistency-checker bookmark: An entity in a document that is used to denote text

where the formatting is similar, but not identical, to comparable text in the document, and the

user indicated that the formatting inconsistency is not to be flagged.

frame: A space, displayed onscreen as a box, that contains a specific element of a publication.

full save: A process in which an existing file is overwritten with all of the additions, changes, and

other content in a document.

full screen view: A document view that expands the display of a document to fill the computer

screen. The view hides menus, toolbars, and taskbars.

grammar checker: An application that uses default or user-defined settings to search for

grammatical errors in a document.

grammar checker cookie: An entity in a document that a grammar checker uses to denote a

possible grammatical error in the document and data about that error.

gutter: An area above a column heading and to the left of a row heading. A gutter typically

displays outline symbols that are used to expand and collapse groups of cells.

gutter margin: A margin setting that adds extra space to the side or top margin of a document

that will be printed and bound. A gutter margin ensures that text is not obscured by the binding.

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Hangul-Hanja converter (HHC): A collection of dictionaries that readers can use to search for

and select a Hanja word that corresponds to a specified Hangul word, or a Hangul word that

corresponds to a specified Hanja word.

header: A line, or lines, of content in the top margin area of a page in a document or a slide in a

presentation. A header typically contains elements such as the title of the chapter, the title of

the document, a page number, or the name of the author.

heading style: A type of paragraph style that also specifies a heading level. There are as many as

nine built-in heading styles, Heading 1 through Heading 9.

horizontal band: A set of rows in a table that are treated as a single unit, typically to ensure the

consistency of the layout and the format.

HTML image map: An image that contains more than one hyperlink on a webpage. Clicking

various parts of the image links the user to other resources on another part of the page, a

different page, or a file.

hybrid list: A nine-level list that is exposed in the user interface as a collection of nine, one-level

lists, instead of a single nine-level list.

Hyperlink view: A document view that displays a document as it would appear as a webpage.

incremental save: A process in which an existing file is modified to reflect only additions or

changes to a document, while maintaining all other existing content in the file.

Input Method Editor (IME): An application that is used to enter characters in written Asian

languages by using a standard 101-key keyboard. An IME consists of both an engine that

converts keystrokes into phonetic and ideographic characters and a dictionary of commonly used

ideographic words.

insertion point: A position between two existing characters, or a position before or after a

character, where text can be inserted. If a caret is positioned at an insertion point, the point can

have unique formatting, which is applied to any text that is inserted at the insertion point.

kinsoku: A rule set in the Japanese language that is used to determine characters that are not

permitted at the beginning or end of a line.

Kumimoji: A text layout setting that displays annotative characters inline next to the text to which

they apply. It is typically used with East Asian text to indicate pronunciation.

labels document: A document that stores label design and printing information in conjunction

with a mail merge document.

language auto-detection: A process that automatically determines the language code identifier

(LCID) for text in a document.

left-to-right: A reading order in which characters in words are read from left to right, and words

are read from left to right in sentences.

line numbers: A formatting property in which each line of text is prefixed with a sequential

number as part of a larger collection of lines on a page.

line unit: A vertical unit of measurement that is relative to the document grid and is used to

position content in a document.

list level: A condition of a paragraph that specifies which numbering system and indentation to

use, relative to other paragraphs in a bulleted or numbered list.

list tab: A tab stop that is between a list number or bullet and the text of that list item.

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little-endian: Multiple-byte values that are byte-ordered with the least significant byte stored in

the memory location with the lowest address.

logical left: A position that is relative to the language orientation of a document. Logical left

means left, except in a right-to-left language where it means right. Also referred to as leading

edge.

logical right: A position that is relative to the language orientation of a document. Logical right

means right, except in a right-to-left language where it means left. Also referred to as trailing

edge.

macro: A set of instructions that are recorded or written, and then typically saved to a file. When a

macro is run, all of the instructions are performed automatically.

mail merge: The process of merging information into a document from a data source, such as an

address book or database, to create customized documents, such as form letters or mailing

labels.

mail merge data source: A file or address book that contains the information to be merged into a

document during a mail merge operation.

mail merge header document: A file that contains the names of the fields in a mail merge data

source.

mail merge main document: A document that contains the text and graphics that are the same

for each version of the merged document, such as the return address or salutation in a form

letter.

manifest: A file that stores metadata about an expansion pack, such as the name of the expansion

pack, the files and resources that are included in the expansion pack, and the dependencies that

it has on other files and components.

master document: A document that refers to or contains one or more other documents, which

are referred to as subdocuments. A master document can be used to configure and manage a

multipart document, such as a book with multiple chapters.

menu toolbar: A type of toolbar that is displayed in an application window, typically at the top,

and provides a set of menu controls from which the user can select. Activating a control on the

toolbar displays a list of commands in that menu, and the menu remains open until the user

closes it or chooses a menu command.

message identifier: A string that uniquely identifies an email message.

NLCheck: An API that is implemented by grammar checkers that were developed by Microsoft

Corporation.

Normal template: The default global template that is used for any type of document. Users can

modify this template to change default document formatting, or content for any new document.

Normal view: A document view that displays text formatting and a simplified page layout of a

document. The Normal view hides some layout elements such as the header and footer.

Referred to as Draft view in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and Microsoft Word 2010.

NT file system (NTFS): A proprietary Microsoft file system. For more information, see [MSFT-

NTFS].

number text: A string that is calculated automatically and represents the numbering scheme and

position of a paragraph in a bulleted or numbered list.

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Word (.doc) Binary File Format

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Object Linking and Embedding (OLE): A technology for transferring and sharing information

between applications by inserting a file or part of a file into a compound document. The inserted

file can be either embedded or linked. See also embedded object and linked object.

OLE compound file: A form of structured storage, as described in [MS-CFB]. A compound file

allows independent storages and streams to exist within a single file.

OLE control: A reusable software component that is designed to work in containers that support

Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) 2.0.

OLE object: An object that supports the Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) protocol.

outline level: A type of paragraph formatting that can be used to assign a hierarchical level, Level

1 through Level 9, to paragraphs in a document. After outline levels are assigned, an outline of

a document can be viewed by using Outline view, the document map, or the navigation pane.

page border: A line that can be applied to the outer edge of a page in a document. A page border

can be formatted for style, color, and thickness.

paragraph mark: An entity in a document that is used to denote the end of a paragraph and has

a Unicode character code of 13.

paragraph style: A combination of character- and paragraph-formatting characteristics that are

named and stored as a set. Users can select a paragraph and use a paragraph style to apply all

of the formatting characteristics to the paragraph simultaneously.

personal style: A list of formatting settings that is applied to a document or an Internet message

when it is opened or created by a specific user on a specific computer. The settings are

associated with a user and a computer.

physical left: A leftward position that is not relative to the language orientation of document

content. See also logical left.

physical right: A rightward position that is not relative to the language orientation of document

content. See also logical right.

point: A unit of measurement for fonts and spacing. A point is equal to 1/72 of an inch.

policy labels: A set of fields that stores metadata about a document and is defined by an

information management policy.

primary shortcut key: The default combination of keys that are pressed simultaneously to

execute a command. See also secondary shortcut key.

Print Preview view: A document view that displays a document as it will appear on a printed

page.

ProgID: An identifier that is used by the Windows registry to uniquely identify an object and is in

the form OLEServerName.ObjectName, for example, "Excel.Sheet" or "PowerPoint.Slide."

property revision mark: A type of revision mark indicating that one or more formatting

properties, such as bold, indentation, or spacing, changed.

range-level protection: A mechanism that permits users to change only specific parts of a

protected document while restricting access to all other parts of the document. See also range-

level protection bookmark.

range-level protection bookmark: An entity in a document that is used to denote a range of

content that is an exception to a document-level protection setting.

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