基于前看红外图像的间接建筑物定位技术研究

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基于前视红外成像的间接建筑物定位技术该技术提出了基于前视红外成像的间接建筑物定位方法，旨在定位密集城市地区中的低、深埋或精心伪装的建筑物。该方法首先使用广泛应用的有效方法来检测和定位固体地标，然后通过透视变换根据成像参数和建筑物目标与固体地标之间的空间约束关系，精准间接定位建筑目标。知识点： 1. 前视红外成像技术：前视红外成像是利用红外线成像技术获取图像的方法，常用于目标检测和跟踪。 2. 固体地标检测：固体地标检测是指使用计算机视觉技术和图像处理技术来检测和定位固体地标的过程。 3. 透视变换：透视变换是计算机视觉领域中的一种技术，用于将图像从一个坐标系转换到另一个坐标系，常用于图像匹配和定位。 4. 空间约束关系：空间约束关系是指建筑物目标与固体地标之间的几何关系，常用于定位和跟踪。 5. 间接定位技术：间接定位技术是指使用固体地标来定位建筑物目标的方法，常用于检测和跟踪低、深埋或精心伪装的建筑物。 6. 图像处理技术：图像处理技术是指使用计算机算法和技术来处理和分析图像的方法，常用于目标检测、跟踪和定位。 7. 计算机视觉技术：计算机视觉技术是指使用计算机和算法来处理和分析图像的方法，常用于目标检测、跟踪和定位。 8. RED外成像技术：RED外成像是利用红外线成像技术获取图像的方法，常用于目标检测和跟踪。 9. Building localization：Building localization是指使用计算机视觉技术和图像处理技术来定位建筑物目标的方法，常用于检测和跟踪低、深埋或精心伪装的建筑物。 10. Space constraint relations：Space constraint relations是指建筑物目标与固体地标之间的几何关系，常用于定位和跟踪。 11. Infrared imagery：Infrared imagery是指使用红外线成像技术获取图像的方法，常用于目标检测和跟踪。 12. Perspective transformation：Perspective transformation是计算机视觉领域中的一种技术，用于将图像从一个坐标系转换到另一个坐标系，常用于图像匹配和定位。 13. Building target：Building target是指需要定位的建筑物目标，常用于检测和跟踪低、深埋或精心伪装的建筑物。 14. Solid landmark：Solid landmark是指固体地标，常用于检测和定位建筑物目标。 15. Effective methods：Effective methods是指使用计算机视觉技术和图像处理技术来检测和定位固体地标的方法，常用于检测和跟踪低、深埋或精心伪装的建筑物。

COL 9(4), 041003(2011) CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS April 10, 2011

Indirect building localization based on a prominent solid

landmark from a forward-looking infrared imagery

Xiaoping Wang (

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∗

, Tianxu Zhang (

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), and Xiaoyu Yang (

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Institute for Pattern Recognition and Artiﬁcial Intelligence,

Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

∗

Corresponding author: wxphero2008@yahoo.cn

Received November 11, 2010; accepted December 6, 2010; posted online March 28, 2011

A novel indirect building localization technique based on a prominent solid landmark from a forward-

looking infrared imagery is proposed to localize low, deeply buried, or carefully camouﬂaged buildings

in dense urban areas. First, the widely used eﬀective methods are applied to detect and localize the

solid landmark. The building target is then precisely indirectly localized by perspective transformation

according to the imaging parameters and the space constraint relations between the bu ilding target and

the solid landmark. Experimental results demonstrate this technique can indirectly localize buildings in

dense urban areas eﬀectively.

OCIS codes: 100.3008, 100.2000, 100.2960, 100.0100.

doi: 10.3788/COL201109.041003.

Building objects are o ften used as guides for aircraft

navigation. However, the three-dimensional (3D) build-

ing localization is a diﬃcult problem mainly b e cause of

the complexity of the scenes. Urban environments are

very dense and composed of many typ e s of buildings,

making their analysis diﬃcult. Thus, the reliable and

eﬃcient recognition of buildings is crucial for enabling

such functionality. Moreover, building recognition from

forward-looking infrared (FLIR) image sequence s with a

cluttered background is a challenging task. Traditionally,

there are two modes to detect small targe ts in infrared

(IR) images. One is the direct mode, which detects

building targets directly. The other is the indirect mode,

which ﬁrst selects the prominent building objects as the

solid landmark, and then detects the landmark, and ﬁ-

nally localizes the targets. Generally, in the direct mode,

most of the recent work in building detection has focused

on the digital elevation models (DEMs), multiple aerial

images, and generic models. The methods

[1,2]

based on

DEMs are motivated by the fact that they already pro-

vide a geometric description of a scene from an aerial

imagery or airborne scanner data. Multiple view aerial

images are also the most common input data for building

extraction

[3−6]

because such data are rich in terms of 3D

information and allow the extraction of 3D primitives.

Generic model-based building reconstruction techniques

that combine several kinds of primitives are proposed

by Baillard et al.

[7]

and Taillandier et al.

[8]

, whereas the

geometric model-based building recog nition method is

proposed by Yang et al.

[9,10]

for recognizing buildings

from FLIR.

However, the DEMs, multiple aerial images, or generic

model-based building extraction metho ds are always

employed to extract visible or pr ominent buildings in

downward-looking or forward-looking scenes. If the

building is low, deeply buried, or carefully camouﬂaged

in dense urban areas, the direct detection methods men-

tioned above are ineﬃcient. Moreover, some building

target enhancement techniques can be a dopted to im-

prove imaging quality and targ e t detection probability

in urban areas

[11,12]

In this letter, which aims to overcome the disadvan-

tages or enhance the performance of the direct mode

approaches, an indirect mode appro ach based on a solid

landmark is proposed to localize buildings in dense ur-

ban scenes. Experimental results show that the proposed

method can largely improve the direct building detection

performance of the existing widely used methods.

In dense urban scenes, if the targets are camouﬂaged

or occluded by their surrounding objects, the direct nav-

igation methods will not work. Therefore, indirect nav-

igation techniques are adopted; that is, solid landmarks

are selected to navigate the aircraft, a s the landmark

selection criterion is of utmost importance in aircraft

navigation. According to the extensive experiments and

detailed analy sis, the selected solid landmarks sho uld be

prominent and practical to the ensure high localization

probability of the aircraft. The criteria are as follows:

1) The solid landmark is not occluded or camouﬂaged

by its peripheral solid object in the ﬂying course of the

aircraft.

2) The local contrast of the solid landmark is higher

than its peripheral 3 D solid object in the IR aerial image.

3) The real size of the solid landmark is larger or taller

than its peripheral solid object in the ﬂying course of the

aircraft.

To localize the building target precisely in the IR im-

age, the space constraint relations between the building

target and the solid landmark in the actual scene, which

Fig. 1. Sketch map of the distance between the target and

the solid landmark in DOM.

1671-7694/2011/041003(4) 041003-1

 2011 Chinese Optics Letters

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