Head First Java：深入学习之旅

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"Head First Java, 2nd Edition.pdf" 这本书是《Head First Java》的第二版，旨在帮助读者深入理解和掌握Java编程语言。作者采用了独特的教育方式，以轻松、直观且富有娱乐性的手法来讲解复杂的编程概念，使得学习过程更为愉快且高效。在书的前言部分，作者强调了大脑在学习新知识时的角色。学习编程时，大脑可能会试图过滤掉这些信息，认为它们不重要。为了克服这一问题，书中运用了各种认知科学原理，如元认知，来引导读者的大脑将Java知识视为重要的生存技能，从而提高学习效果。书中的内容覆盖了Java编程的基础和核心概念，包括： 1. **Breaking the Surface: a quick dip** - 这一章引导读者初步接触Java，介绍编程环境的设置和编写第一个简单的Java程序，让读者对Java有一个基本的认识。 2. **A Trip to Objectville: yes, there will be objects** - 通过虚构的城市Objectville，本书解释了面向对象编程的概念，帮助读者理解类和对象的区别以及它们在程序设计中的重要性。 3. **Know Your Variables: primitives and references** - 这一部分深入讨论了变量，包括原始类型（primitives）如整数、浮点数和布尔值，以及引用类型，如对象引用，讲解了它们如何存储和使用。 4. **How Objects Behave: object-oriented basics** - 书中详细介绍了对象的行为，包括方法的定义和调用，以及封装、继承和多态等面向对象的基本特性。此外，书中还涵盖了类的设计、异常处理、集合框架、线程、输入/输出流、网络编程以及GUI开发等Java的核心主题。通过丰富的图表、幽默的插图和互动式的练习，读者可以在轻松的氛围中逐步建立起坚实的Java编程基础。书的最后部分包括技术编辑的贡献、致谢、目录摘要等，为读者提供了一个完整的资源指南，便于他们查找和回顾所学内容。《Head First Java, 2nd Edition》是一本适合初学者和有一定经验的程序员的优秀教程，它用一种独特的方式帮助读者克服学习障碍，深入理解并掌握Java编程语言。

how to use this book

tlUn1

"!lead

Fll'St

Java"

reader

learner.

what

does

It take to learn something? First, you have to

get

It, then make sure

you

don't

forgetll

It's

not

about

pushing

facts

Into

your

head. Based on

the

latest

research In cognltJve science, neurobiology, and educatJonal psychology,

learning

takes a

lot

more than

text

on a page. We

know

what

turns

your

brain on.

RMI"'(loo~

~ite

Use

conversational

and

personalized

style

,In recent studies,

students

performed up to 40%

better

on post-learning tests if

the

content

spoke

directly to

the

reader, using a flrst-person, conversational style rather than

taking a formal

tone

.Tellstories instead of lecturing.Use casual language. Don't

take yourself too seriously. Which would you pay more attention to: a stimulating

dinner party companion, or a lecture?

Soma

the

Head

First

learning

principles:

Make

visual.

Images are far more memorable than words

alone, and make learning much more effective (Up to 89%

Improvement in recall

and

transfer studies).It also makes

things more understandable.

Put

the

words

within

near

the

graphics

they relate to, rather

than

the

bottom

or on

another

page

, and learners

will

be up to twice

as likely to solve problems related to the content.

re4l1y

SlJcks

<III

Qbstl"<lct

m~tkod

You

don't heve Q body.

Get

the

learner

think

deeply.

other

words, unless

you actively flex your neurons, nothing much

happens

in your head.

A reader has to be motivated, engaged, curious, and inspired to

solve problems, draw conclusions, and generate new knowledge.

And for that, you

need

challenges, exercises, and

thought-

provoking questions,

and

actlvlties

that

involve

both

sides

of the brain,

and

multiple senses.

~0llll10

;

'l>o41'·

tl4~i-

;Ie.

Oet-and

kee,,-,he

reader's

attention.

We've all

had

the"'

really want to learn this

but

Ican't stay awake past

page

one" experience. Your brain pays arrentlon to things

that

are

out

the

ordinary, interesting, strange,eye-catching,

unexpected

. Learning a new,

tough,

technical topic

doesn't

have to be boring. Yourbrain will learn much more qUicklyjfit's not.

Touch

their

emotlon8.

We now know

that

your ability to

remember

something Is largely

dependent

on Its emotional

content

. You

remember

what you care about. You remember when

you

feel somethIng. Nowe're

not

talking heart-wrenching stories

about

a boy and hIs dog.

We're talking emotions like surprise, curiosity, fun,"what the ...T", and the feeling of "IRulel"

that comes

when

you solve a puzzle, learn something everybody else thinks Is hard, or realize

you know something

that

·"m

more technical than

thou'

Bob from engineering doe$n't.

XXiv

intra

the

intro

Metacogtlitiott:

thittkittg

about

thittki"Q.

you really want to

learn,

and

you

want

learn

quickly

and

deeply,

pay

attention

to how you pay

attention.

Think

about

how you think,

Learn

how

you learn.

Most

did

not

take courses on

metacognition

learning

theory

when

we were

growing up. We were

expected

learn,

but

rarely taught to learn.

But we assume

that

you're

holding

this book, you want to

learn

Java.

And

you

probably

don't

want to

spend

a lot

time.

get

the

most

from this

book,

any

book

learning

experience,

take

responsibility for

your

brain.

Your

brain

thai

content.

The

trick is to

get

your

brain

to see

the

new material

you're

learning

as Really

Important.

Crucial to

your

well-being. As

important

a tiger. Otherwise,

you're

in for a

constant

battle, with

your

brain

doing

its best to keep tile new

content

from

sticking.

So Just

how

you

get

your

brain

treat

Java

was

hungry

tiger?

There's

the

slow,

tedious

way,

the

faster,

effective

way.

The

slow way is

about

sheer

repetition. You obviously know

that

you

are

able to

learn

and

remember

even

the

dullest

topics,

you

keep

pounding

the

same thing. With

enough

repetition,

your

brain

says,"This doesn'tfeel

important

him,

but

he keeps

looking

the

same

thing

over

and

over

and

over,

suppose

must

be."

The

faster way is to do anything that

increases

brain activity, especially

different

types

brain

activity.

The

things

the

page

are

a big

part

the

solution,

and

they're

all

things

that

have

been

proven

help

your

brain

work in

your

favor.

For example, studies show

that

putting

words within

the

pictures

they describe (as

opposed

somewhere

else in

the

page, like a

caption

the

body

text) causes

your

brain

to try to makes sense

how

the

words

and

picture

relate,

and

this

causes

neurons

to fire. More

neurons

firing =

chances

for

your

brain

get

that

this is

something

worth

paying

attention

to,

and

possibly

recording.

A conversational style helps because

people

tend

to pay

attention

when they

perceive

that

they're

in a conversation, since

they're

expected

to follow

along

and

hold

their

end.

The

amazing

thing

is,

your

brain

doesn't

necessarily care

that

the

"conversation" is

between

you

and

a book!

the

other

hand,

the

writing

style is formal

and

dry,

your

brain

perceives it

the

same wayyou

experience

being

lectured

to while sitting in a

roomful

passive

attendees.

need

to stay awake.

But pictures

and

conversational style

are

just

the

beginning.

you are here

xxv

how

to use this book

Here"s

what

did:

We used pidures,because your brain is

tuned

for visuals,

not

text

As fur as

your

brain's concerned, a picture really ssworth 1024 words.

And

when

text

and

pictures

work together, we

embedded

the

text in

the

pictures because your brain works

effectively when the

text

is wiihin the

thing

the

text refers to, as

opposed

to in

a caption

buried in the text somewhere.

We used

repetitUm,

saying the same

thing

in differentways

and

with different

media

types,

and

multiple

senses,

to increase

the

chance

that

the

content

gets

coded coded

into

than

one

area

your brain.

used

concepts

and

pictures in

~ways

because

your

brain

tuned

for

novelty,

and

we used pictures

and

ideas with at least SO'1M

emf>tional

content,

because

your brain is

tuned

to pay attention to

thebiochemlstry

emotions.

That

which

causes you to

feel

something

likely to be

remembered.

even

that

feeling is

nothing

than

a little

humor;

SU1"f1rise,

interest.

We used a personalized,

conversational

style

, because your brain is

tuned

to pay

attention when it believes you

're

in a conversation

than

it thinks

you're

passively

listening to a presentation.Your brain does this even when

you're

reading.

included

than

, because your brain is

tuned

to learn

and

remember

when

you do things

than

when you read

about

things. And we

made

the

exercises challenging-yet-do-able, because that's what most

pet1J/.e

prefer.

We used

multiple learning

styles,

because youmight

prefer

step-by-step procedures,

while

someone

else wants to

understand

the big picture first, while

someone

else

just

wants

to see a

code

example. But regardless

your own learning preference,

everyone

benefits from seeing

the

same

content

represented

in multiple

ways

We include

content

for both ridesofyourbrain; because

the

your

brain you

engage, the

likely you

are

learn

and

remember,

and

the

longer

you can

stay focused. Since working

one

side

the

brain often

means

giving the

other

side

chance

to rest, you can be

productive at

learning

for a

longer

period

time.

And we

included

storie:

and

exercises

that

present

J'TUWe

than one

point

ofview,

because

your

brain is

tuned

learn

deeply when it's forced

make

evaluations

and

judgements.

included

chaIknges,

with exercises,

and

byasking

qrustions

that

don't

alwayshave

a straight answer, because your brain is

tuned

learn

and

remember

when it has

work

something

(just as you

can't

get

your

body

shape

by watching people

the

gym). But we did

our

best to make sure

that

when

you're

working

hard,

it's

on the

rightthings:

That

you'renot

spending

oneexITa

denLfrile

processing a hard-to-

understand

example,

parsing difficult,jargon-Iaden,

extremely terse text.

We used an

80/20

approach

. We assume

that

you

're

going

for a PhD in java,

this

won't

be your only book. So we

don't

talk

about

everything.

Just

the

stuffyou'll

actually

use.

xxvi

Intra

~8\"

Barlle"

the

Listen

your

brain.

Pay

attention

whether

your brain is getting

overloaded.

you find yourself

starting

to skim

the

surface

forget

what

you

just

read, it's

time for a

break

Once

you go past a certain

point,

you

won't

learn

faster by trying to shove

in,

and

you

might

even

hurt

the process.

Talk

about

It.

Out

loud.

Speaking activates a

different

part

the

brain.

you're

trying to

understand

something,

increase

your

chance

remembering

it later, say it

out

loud.

Better

still, try to explain it

out

loud

someone

else.You'll learn

quickly,

and

you

might

uncover ideas you

hadn't

known were

there

when you were

reading

about

it.

Drink

water.

Lots

It.

Your brain works best in a nice

bath

fluid.

Dehydration

(which can

happen

before

you

ever feel thirsty) decreases cognitive function.

•

Herels

what

YOU

ca.,

be.,d

your

brah1

i"to

subltdssiot1.

the

exercises.

Write

your

own

notes.

put

them

in,

but

we did

them

for you,

that

would be like having

someone

else

your

workouts for you.

And

don't

just

lookat

the

exercises. Use a pencil.

There's

plenty

evidence

that

physical activity

while

learning

can increase the learning.

Read

the

"There

are

Dumb

Questions"

That

means all

them.

They're

not

optional

side-bars-they're

part

the

core

contentl

Sometimes

the questions

are

useful

than

the answers.

Slow

down.

The

you

understand,

the

less

you

have

memorize.

Don't

just

'read.

Stop

and

think

When

the

book

asks you a question,

don't

just

skip to

the

answer.

Imagine

that

someone

really is

asking

the

question.

The

deeply you

force

your

brain

to think, the

better

chance

you have of

learning

and

remembering.

So, we

did

our

part.

The

rest

to you.

These

tips

are

starting point; Listen to

your

brain

and

figure

out

what works

for

you

and

what

doesn't.

Try new

things

lki.

-this

OUt

dhd

sf.itk

yOlJ.'r

l'"e+l'"

tt"

ak . I

_ .

- -

- - -

-----------------------------------------------------------

•

Don't do

all

your

reading

one

place.

Stand-up, stretch, move

around

change

chairs,

change

rooms. It'll

help

your

brain

feel

something,

and

keeps

your

learning

from

being

too

connected

to a

particular

place.

Make

this

the

last

thing

you

read

before

bed. Or

least

the

last

challengIng

thing.

Part

the

learning

(especially the transfer

to long-term memory)

happens

afleryou

put

the

book

down. Your brain

needs

time

its own, to do

processing.

you

put

something

new

during

that

processing-time,

some

what you

just

learned

will be lost.

•

Feel

somethlngl

Your brain

needs

to know

that

this

mauers.

Get

involved with the stories. Make

your

0\\>11

captions

for the

photos

Groaning

over a

bad

joke

is still

better

than

feeling

nothing

at all.

Type

and

run

the

code.

Type

and

run

the

code

examples.

Then

you

can

experiment

with

changing

and

improving

the

code

(or

breaking

it, which is sometimes

the

best way to figure

alit

what's really

happening).

For

long

examples

Ready-bake

code, you can

download

the source files from

headfirstjava.corn

you are

here.

xxvII

how

to use

this

book

What

you

heed

for

this

book:

You do not

need

any

other

development

tool. such as

Integrated

Development

Environment

(IDE). We strongly

recommend

that you not

use

anything

but

a-basic text

editor

until you complete this

book

(and

especially

not

until after

chapter

16). An IDE can

protect

you from some

the

details

that

really matter. so

you're

much

bener

off learning from

the

command-line

and

then.

once

you really

understand

what's

happening.

move to a tool

that

automates some of

the

process.

SmlNG

JAVA

------------------,

• If

you

don't

already

have

1.5

greater

Java

Standard

Edition

SDK

(Software

Development

Kit),

you

need

it. If

you're

Linux,

Windows,

Solaris,

you

can

gellt

for

free

from

java.sun

.com

(Sun's

websile

for

Java

developers).

usually

takes

than

two

clicks

from

the

main

page

togelto

the

J2SE

downloads

page

Get

the

latest

non-beta

version

posted.

The

SDK

includes

everything

you

need

compile

and

run

Java.

you're

running

Mac

10.4.

the

Java

SDK

already

installed.

It's

partof

and

you

don't

have

todo

anything

else.

you're

earlier

version

you

have

earlier

version

Java

that

will

wor1<

for

95%

the

code

this

book.

Note

This

book

based

Java

1.5,

but

for

stunningly

unclear

mar1<eting

reasons

shortly

before

release,

Sun

renamed

Java

while

still

keeping

" as

the

version

number

for

the

developer's

kit

So,

you

see

Java

1.5

Java

5or

Java

.0,

"Tiger"

(version

5's

original

code-name),

they

all

mean

the

same

thing

There

was

never

Java

3.0

or4

.Q--it

jumped

from

version

1.4

to5.0,

bu1

you

will

still

find

places

where

it's

called

1.5

instead

of5.

Don'l

ask.

(Oh

and

just

make

entertaining,

Java

and

the

Mac

10.4

were

both

given

the

same

code-name

"Tiger",

and

since

10.4

the

version

the

Mac

you

need

run

Java

vou'llhear

people

talk

about

"Tiger

TIger".

IIjust

means

Java

10.4)

•

The

SDK

does

not

include

the

API

documentatIon,

and

you

need

that!

back

java.sun.

com

and

get

the

J2SE

APr

documentation.

You

can

also

access

the

API

docs

online,

without

downloading

them,

but

thaI's

pain

Trusl

us,

irs

worth

the

download.

•

You

need

a text

editor.

Virtually

any

text

editor

will

(vi

emacs,

pica),

includ

ing

the

GUI

ones

that

come

with

most

operating

systems.

Nolepad,

Wordpad,

TextEdlt

, etc.all

work,

long

you

make

sure

they

don'l

append

".txt"

the

end

your

source

code

•

Once

you've

downloaded

and

unpackedfzippedfwhatever

(depends

which

version

and

for

which

OS).

you

need

add

entry

your

PATH

environment

variable

that

points

the

fbln

directory

inside

the

main

Java

directory

For

example,

the

J2SDK

puts

directory

your

drive

called

"j2sdk1.5,O',

look

inside

that

directory

and

you'lI

find

the

"bin"

directory

where

the

Java

binaries

(the

tools)

live.

The

bin

directory

the

one

you

need

PATH

to,

thaI

when

you

type:

javac

the

command-line,

your

terminal

will

know

how

find

the

javac

compiler.

Note:

you

have

trouble

with

you

installation,

recommend

you

goto

javaranch

.com,

and

join

the

Java-Beginning

forum!

Actually,

you

should

that

whether

you

have

trouble

not.

Nole: much of the code from this book Is available at wlckedlysmart.com

xxvlll

intra

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