Dell BIOS Rootkit源代码深度解析

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资源摘要信息:"BootLoader:真实世界中的Dell BIOS Rootkit源代码" 知识点: 1. BIOS和BootLoader概念:BIOS(Basic Input Output System)是计算机启动时加载的第一个软件,负责初始化硬件设备并为操作系统的启动提供必要的信息。BootLoader是操作系统启动过程中加载的第一段代码,负责加载操作系统核心到内存中。 2. Rootkit的定义:Rootkit是一种恶意软件,通常用来隐藏计算机上的恶意活动或提供后门访问权限给攻击者。Rootkit能够修改系统的关键部分,例如内核、启动程序等,以隐藏其存在并阻止检测。 3. BIOS Rootkit的特点:在硬件层面上进行操作,因此它能够绕过操作系统的安全机制。一个BIOS Rootkit可能会在计算机启动时加载,并在操作系统加载之前控制计算机,使其难以被发现和清除。 4. Dell BIOS的特定:Dell是知名的计算机硬件和系统制造商,其BIOS中可能存在安全漏洞,可以被利用来植入BIOS Rootkit。这意味着攻击者可能在Dell设备的BIOS中植入恶意代码,获取对计算机的控制权。 5. 源代码泄露的影响:当BIOS Rootkit的源代码泄露到公众领域时,这将对所有使用受影响BIOS的计算机构成安全威胁。攻击者可以利用这些代码来开发针对特定硬件的攻击工具,而不仅仅是理论上可能的攻击。 6. 系统开源的影响:源代码的开源可能使更多的人能够理解和审查代码,发现潜在的安全问题。然而,同时它也可能被恶意用户利用,制造危害。在本案例中,"BootLoader-master"文件夹很可能是包含Dell BIOS Rootkit源代码的压缩文件名。 7. 安全防御措施:为了防御BIOS Rootkit,需要实施多层防护措施,包括保持BIOS的最新状态,使用可信平台模块(TPM)等硬件安全特性,以及在系统启动时进行自检等。此外,定期对硬件和系统进行安全审计也是很重要的。 8. 法律和伦理问题:发布和传播Rootkit源代码违反了计算机安全法律,涉及到严重的伦理问题。这种行为可能导致对个人和组织的财产和隐私造成严重威胁。 9. 后续防护措施:对于计算机制造商而言,需要及时发布安全补丁来修复已知的安全漏洞,并为用户提供易于访问的更新机制。对于用户来说,应保持警惕,定期更新软件和硬件的固件版本,并且只从可信源下载软件。 10. 研究和开发的伦理:在研究和开发领域,研究人员在探索安全性问题和防御机制时,应当遵守严格的伦理准则,确保研究成果不会被滥用。在本案例中,泄露的源代码可能源于研究目的,但其传播和使用却是非法和不道德的。
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代码部分来自Google的重建IBMPC BIOS项目(https://sites.google.com/site/pcdosretro/ibmpcbios),其中的BIOS镜像(*.rom)可用于各种IBM PC模拟器,可按情况使用。源代码可以用masm编译,站内英文说明文件如下: IBM PC BIOS source code reconstruction This is a reconstruction of the IBM PC, PC XT, PC AT and PC XT 286 BIOS source code using scanning and transcription of the BIOS listings found in the IBM Technical Reference manuals. This historically relevant source code is presented here for software preservation. The following BIOS source code has been reconstructed: IBM PC version 1 04/21/81 IBM PC version 2 10/19/81 IBM PC version 3 10/27/82 IBM PC XT version 1 11/08/82 (also used on the Portable PC) IBM PC XT version 2 01/10/86 IBM PC XT version 3 05/09/86 IBM PC AT version 1 01/10/84 IBM PC AT version 2 06/10/85 IBM PC AT version 3 11/15/85 (used on the PC AT models 319 and 339) IBM PC XT 286 04/21/86 Notes: • All 3 versions of the IBM PC BIOS and the first version of the IBM PC XT BIOS were built using Intel ASM86 on an Intel development system. In each case the BIOS source code is a single large file and the BIOS code is 8KB which resides at F000:E000 • The IBM PC AT version 1 BIOS was built using IBM MASM 1.0 on DOS. This is the first IBM BIOS which uses multiple source files. Since IBM MASM 1.0 did not support the 80286 there is a macro file (IAPX286.MAC) which is used to generate the necessary opcodes. This is also the first BIOS to be split into two parts: the main BIOS code resides at F000:0000 and the compatibility section (ORGS.ASM) resides at F000:E000. An additional file FILL.ASM has been added to define the area between the end of the main BIOS code and the compatibility section to allow the BIOS to be linked properly. It is currently unknown how this was originally handled. • The IBM PC AT version 2 and 3 BIOS and the IBM PC XT 286 BIOS were built using IBM MASM 2.0 on DOS. These are similar to the PC AT version 1 BIOS but there are fewer source files as some files were combined and a bit of cleanup was done. IAPX286.INC is used to generate the protected-mode 80286 opcodes which IBM MASM 2.0 did not support. FILL.ASM serves the same purpose as it does for the PC AT version 1 BIOS though in each case the file is specific to the particular BIOS being built. • The IBM PC XT version 2 and 3 BIOS were built using IBM MASM 2.0 on DOS. The later PC XT BIOS code was restructured to be similar to the PC AT BIOS code so there are multiple source files. Like the PC AT BIOS the code is split into two parts though the compatibility section is in the file POST.ASM. Again the additional file FILL.ASM is used to define the area between the end of the main BIOS code and the compatibility section. • The following code is present in all versions of the PC AT BIOS and the PC XT 286 BIOS but does not appear in the published listings. It is inferred from the public symbols in ORGS.ASM and code disassembly. It is unknown what purpose this code serves. .XLIST ;;- ORG 0FF5AH ORG 01F5AH HRD PROC FAR CALL DISK_SETUP RET HRD ENDP FLOPPY PROC FAR CALL DSKETTE_SETUP RET FLOPPY ENDP SEEKS_1 PROC FAR CALL SEEK RET SEEKS_1 ENDP TUTOR: JMP K16 .LIST • In all cases the 32KB ROM BASIC code which resides at F6000 is not available as its source code was never published. • Versions of MASM later than 4.0 cannot be used to build the IBM BIOS source code since older constructs and macros are used. More information about functionality changes in the IBM PC BIOS code is listed here: IBM PC BIOS version history