C# 6.0深度探索：权威指南

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"C# 6.0 in a Nutshell.pdf" 是一本专注于C# 6.0和.NET框架核心组件的权威参考书籍，由Joseph Albahari和Ben Albahari撰写，出版于2015年11月3日，共1073页。本书不仅涵盖C#的基础语法和变量，还深入探讨了诸如指针、运算符重载等高级主题，并对LINQ、动态编程、异步和并行编程进行了详细讲解。同时，它涵盖了.NET特性，如XML、网络、序列化、反射、安全性、应用程序域和代码契约。特别的是，本书还涉及了C# 6.0的新特性——Roslyn编译器。 C# 6.0是C#语言发展的一个重要里程碑，带来了许多增强功能和改进，使得语言更加灵活和广泛。本书旨在帮助中级和高级程序员系统地掌握C#和.NET的知识体系。书中以概念和应用场景为组织结构，使读者能够快速定位并理解所需信息。在C#语言部分，你可以学习到： 1. 基础语法：包括语句、控制流、异常处理等。 2. 变量和类型：深入理解各种数据类型、变量声明以及类型转换。 3. 类和对象：面向对象编程的核心，如类的定义、继承、多态性等。 4. 构造函数、析构函数以及属性和方法：掌握对象的生命周期和成员操作。 5. 集合与泛型：了解如何高效地处理数据集合，并使用泛型提高代码复用性。 6. 枚举、委托和事件：掌握枚举类型、事件驱动编程和委托的概念。 7. 异常处理：学习如何处理程序运行时可能出现的问题。 8. 并发和异步编程：了解如何利用C#的async/await关键字进行异步操作，提升程序性能。 9. 动态编程：利用dynamic关键字进行动态类型操作。在.NET框架部分，你将学习： 1. LINQ（Language Integrated Query）：通过三章内容深入学习如何使用LINQ进行数据查询，包括与数据库、XML和集合的交互。 2. XML：处理XML文档，包括解析、创建和操作XML数据的方法。 3. 网络编程：学习TCP/IP、HTTP以及其他网络协议的使用。 4. 序列化：了解如何将对象状态转换为可存储或传输的形式。 5. 反射：利用反射动态地访问和操作类、接口、方法等。 6. 安全性：理解.NET的安全模型，包括权限、策略和代码签名。 7. 应用程序域：了解如何管理应用程序的执行环境。 8. 代码契约：利用Code Contracts进行静态分析和代码验证。此外，书中还详细介绍了C# 6.0的新特性，如Roslyn编译器，这是一个开放源代码的编译平台，允许开发者以编程方式分析、修改和生成C#和VB.NET代码，极大地扩展了开发者的工具集。 "C# 6.0 in a Nutshell" 是一本全面且深入的C#参考书，无论你是初学者还是经验丰富的开发者，都能从中受益，提升你的C#编程技能和.NET框架的理解。

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xiv | Preface

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tance is required (unlike languages such as C++ and Eiffel, C# does not

support multiple inheritance of classes).

Properties, methods, and events

In the pure object-oriented paradigm, all functions are methods (this is the

case in Smalltalk). In C#, methods are only one kind of function member,

which also includes properties and events (there are others, too). Properties

are function members that encapsulate a piece of an object’s state, such as a

button’s color or a label’s text. Events are function members that simplify

acting on object state changes.

While C# is primarily an object-oriented language, it also borrows from the func‐

tional programming

paradigm. Specifically:

Functions can be treated as values

Through the use of delegates, C# allows functions to be passed as values to

and from other functions.

C# supports patterns for purity

Core to functional programming is avoiding the use of variables whose val‐

ues change, in favor of declarative patterns. C# has key features to help with

those patterns, including the ability to write unnamed functions on the fly

that “capture” variables (lambda expressions) and the ability to perform list

or reactive programming via query expressions. C# 6.0 also includes read-

only auto-properties to help with writing immutable (read-only) types.

Type Safety

C# is primarily a type-safe language, meaning that instances of types can interact

only through protocols they define, thereby ensuring each type’s internal consis‐

tency. For instance, C# prevents you from interacting with a string type as though it

were an integer type.

More specifically, C# supports static typing, meaning that the language enforces type

safety at compile time. This is in addition to type safety being enforced at runtime.

Static typing eliminates a large class of errors before a program is even run. It shifts

the burden away from runtime unit tests onto the compiler to verify that all the

types in a program fit together correctly. This makes large programs much easier to

manage, more predictable, and more robust. Furthermore, static typing allows tools

such as IntelliSense in Visual Studio to help you write a program, since it knows for

a given variable what type it is, and hence what methods you can call on that vari‐

able.

C# also allows parts of your code to be dynamically typed via

the dynamic keyword (introduced in C# 4.0). However, C#

remains a predominantly statically typed language.

2 | Chapter 1: Introducing C# and the .NET Framework

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