OGC WFS 2.0接口标准详解与应用指南

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OGC WFS标准，全称为Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web Feature Service (WFS)标准，是一项用于提供地理空间数据的服务接口规范。该标准由OGC制定，旨在定义和规范网络上地理信息系统的地图要素服务（Map Feature Services）的访问方式，使得不同地理信息系统能够通过统一的接口进行数据交换和共享。WFS 2.0版本在2010年11月2日发布，其版权归属于Open Geospatial Consortium，且与国际标准化组织ISO的DIS 19142标准是联合发布的。 OGC WFS标准的核心目标是提供一个基于HTTP协议的、异步和基于请求的服务模型，允许客户端应用程序像查询数据库一样请求和获取地理空间数据集。它支持两种主要的操作：GetCapabilities，用于获取服务的元数据和功能描述；以及GetFeature，用于检索、插入、更新或删除地理空间数据。在使用OGC WFS时，开发者需要注意以下关键点： 1. **版权声明**：任何使用此标准的人都必须遵守OGC的使用条款，访问http://www.opengeospatial.org/legal/获取更多信息。 2. **专利权**：接收者需通知OGC他们所知的相关专利，并提供支持文档，以确保遵循所有知识产权要求。 3. **版本和语言**：这份标准的正式版本为2.0.0，使用英语编写，符合ISO/DIS 19142标准，属于ISOTC 211/SC/WG4（地理信息/服务工作组）的一部分。 4. **文档类型**：这是一份OpenGIS实施标准，专注于接口层面的设计，体现了OGC成员的集体努力和对地理空间数据服务的标准化。 OGC WFS标准的应用广泛，包括地理信息系统开发、地图服务提供、WebGIS应用以及大数据处理等领域。遵循这一标准，开发人员可以构建跨平台、可互操作的应用程序，轻松访问和操作来自多个源的地理信息数据。随着地理信息数据的增长和开放，OGC WFS对于推动全球地理信息数据共享和应用的标准化进程起到了关键作用。

OGC 09-025r1 and ISO/DIS 19142

2 Conformance

Table 1 specifies the conformance classes defined by this International Standard and the tests specified in

Annex A that shall be satisfied in order to comply with each class.

Table 1 also lists:

a) Which, if any, filter encoding (see ISO 19143, Clause 2) conformance tests need to be satisfied with each

WFS conformance class.

b) Which, if any, GML (see ISO 19136:2007) conformance tests need to be satisfied with each WFS

conformance class.

Table 1 — Conformance classes

Conformance

class name

Operation or behaviour WFS

Conformance

Test

FES

Conformance

Test(s)

GML

Conformance

Test(s)

Simple WFS The server shall implement the

following operations:

GetCapabilities,

DescribeFeatureType,

ListStoredQueries,

DescribeStoredQueries,

GetFeature operation with only

the StoredQuery action.

One stored query, that fetches a

feature using its id, shall be

available but the server may also

offer additional stored queries.

Additionally the server shall

conform to at least one of the

HTTP GET, HTTP POST or

SOAP conformance classes.

A.1.1 ISO

19143:2010,

A.1

ISO

19136:2007,

A.1.1, A.1.4,

A.1.5, A.1.7,

B.3, B.5, B.2.3

Basic WFS The server shall implement the

Simple WFS conformance class

and shall additionally implement

the GetFeature operation with the

Query action and the

GetPropertyValue operation.

A.1.2 ISO

19143:2010,

A.2, A.4. A.5,

A.6, A.7, A.12,

A.14

ISO

19136:2007,

B.4

Transactional

WFS

The server shall implement the

Basic WFS conformance class

and shall also implement the

Transaction operation.

A.1.3

Locking WFS The server shall implement the

Transactional WFS conformance

class and shall implement at least

one of the GetFeatureWithLock

or LockFeature operations.

A.1.4

HTTP GET The server shall implement the

Key-value pair encoding for the

operations that the server offers.

A.1.5

HTTP POST The server shall implement the

XML encoding for the operations

that the server implements.

A.1.6

SOAP The server shall implement XML

encoded requests and results

A.1.7

OGC 09-025r1 and ISO/DIS 19142

within SOAP Envelopes.

Inheritance The server shall implement the

schema-element() function for

XPath expressions.

A.1.8 ISO

19143:2010,

A.15

Remote resolve The server shall implement the

ability to resolve remote resource

references.

A.1.9 ISO

19136:2007,

B.2.1

Response paging The server shall implement the

ability to page through the set of

response features or values.

A.1.10 ISO

19136:2007,

B.3

Standard joins The server shall implement join

predicates using all Filter

operators except the spatial and

temporal operators.

A.1.11 ISO

19143:2010,

A.5, A.6

Spatial joins The server shall implement join

predicates using spatial

operators.

A.1.12 ISO

19143:2010,

A.7, A.8

Temporal joins The server shall implement join

predicates using temporal

operators.

A.1.13 ISO

19143:2010,

A.9, A.10

Feature versions The server shall implement the

ability to navigate feature

versions.

A.1.14 ISO

19143:2010,

A.11

Manage stored

queries

The server shall implement the

CreateStoredQuery and the

DropStoredQuery operations.

A.1.15 ISO

19143:2010,

A.1

3 Normative references

The following normative documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute

provisions of this document. For dated references, subsequence amendments to, or revisions of, any of these

publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to

applies.

ISO/TS 19103:2005, Geographic information — Conceptual schema language

ISO 19136:2007, Geographic information — Geography Markup Language (GML)

ISO 19143:2010, Geographic information — Filter Encoding

IETF RFC 2616, Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1 (June 1999)

IETF RFC 4646, Tags for Identifying Languages (September 2006)

OGC 06-121r3, OGC Web Services Common Specification, OGC® Implementation Standard (9 February

2009)

OGC 07-092r3, Definition identifier URNs in OGC namespace, OGC® Best Practices (15 January 2009)

W3C SOAP, Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) 1.2, W3C Note (27 April 2007)

W3C WSDL, Web Services Description Language (WSDL) 1.1, W3C Note (15 Mar 2001)

W3C XML Namespaces, Namespaces in XML, W3C Recommendation (14 January 1999)

W3C XML Path Language, XML Path Language (XPath) 2.0, W3C Recommendation (23 January 2007)

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