全面指南：Amazon CloudWatch监控与管理AWS资源

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Amazon CloudWatch 是亚马逊网络服务 (AWS) 提供的一项全面的监控和管理工具，旨在帮助用户实时监控和优化他们的 AWS 资源和部署在 AWS 上的应用程序。该服务的主要功能包括收集和分析指标数据、监控日志、设置警报以及自动化对资源状态变化的响应。CloudWatch 监控的对象非常广泛，涵盖了 Amazon EC2 实例、DynamoDB 表、RDS 数据库实例、以及由应用程序生成的自定义指标和所有日志文件。用户可以通过访问 CloudWatch 控制台或使用 AWS CLI (命令行接口) 来管理其资源的监控。登录到 CloudWatch 控制台后，可以开始设置警报，如监控估计费用，以确保不会超出预算。步骤包括： 1. 启用计费警报：用户首先需要设置计费通知，以便在费用达到预设阈值时收到通知。 2. 创建报警规则：然后，用户会创建一个具体的报警规则，指定费用阈值和触发条件，比如当费用超过某个金额或增长速度过快时。 3. 检查报警状态：一旦规则设置完毕，用户需要定期检查报警的状态，确认它们是否正常工作，并根据需要进行调整。 4. 编辑报警：如果需要更改阈值或警报配置，用户可以随时编辑现有的报警规则以适应不断变化的需求。 CloudWatch 的核心概念包括命名空间（Namespaces）、指标（Metrics）、维度（Dimensions）、统计（Statistics）和百分位数（Percentiles）。命名空间用于组织相关度高的指标和日志，而指标则记录特定资源的度量数据，如CPU使用率、内存占用等。维度允许用户更细致地筛选和分析数据，例如按地域或实例类型区分。统计提供了对指标数据的聚合操作，如平均值、最大值和最小值，帮助用户更好地理解资源的整体表现。百分位数则是用来确定数据的分布情况，这对于理解和识别异常情况特别有用。此外，CloudWatch 还有资源限制，包括指标数量、报警数量等，用户需了解这些限制以避免超出服务的容量。在使用过程中，用户还需遵循 AWS 的商标和商业行为规范，确保合规性。 Amazon CloudWatch 是 AWS 用户进行资源管理和性能优化的强大工具，通过它，用户可以深入了解他们的资源使用情况，及时发现并解决问题，确保应用程序的稳定性和成本效益。无论是新用户还是经验丰富的管理员，都能从中找到适合自己的监控和警报策略。

Amazon CloudWatch User Guide

Limits

There is a higher charge for high-resolution alarms. For more information about high-resolution metrics,

see Publish Custom Metrics (p. 43).

For more information, see Creating Amazon CloudWatch Alarms (p. 275) and Create an Alarm from a

Metric on a Graph (p. 42).

CloudWatch Limits

CloudWatch has the following limits:

Resource Default Limit

Actions 5/alarm. This limit cannot be changed.

Alarms 10/month/customer for free. 5000 per region per account.

API requests 1,000,000/month/customer for free.

Custom metrics No limit.

Dashboards Up to 1000 dashboards per account.

Up to 100 metrics per dashboard widget.

Up to 500 metrics per dashboard, across all widgets.

These limits cannot be changed.

DescribeAlarms 9 transactions per second (TPS). The maximum number of

operation requests you can make per second without being

throttled.

You can request a limit increase.

Dimensions 10/metric. This limit cannot be changed.

GetMetricData 50 transactions per second (TPS). The maximum number of

operation requests you can make per second without being

throttled.

180,000 Datapoints Per Second (DPS) if the StartTime

used in the API request is less than or equal to three hours

from current time. 90,000 DPS if the StartTime is more

than three hours from current time. This is the maximum

number of datapoints you can request per second using one

or more API calls without being throttled.

You can request a limit increase for both of these limits.

GetMetricStatistics 400 transactions per second (TPS). The maximum number of

operation requests you can make per second without being

throttled.

You can request a limit increase.

ListMetrics 25 transactions per second (TPS). The maximum number of

operation requests you can make per second without being

throttled.

Amazon CloudWatch User Guide

Getting Set Up

To use Amazon CloudWatch you need an AWS account. Your AWS account allows you to use services (for

example, Amazon EC2) to generate metrics that you can view in the CloudWatch console, a point-and-

click web-based interface. In addition, you can install and conﬁgure the AWS command line interface

(CLI).

When you create an AWS account, we automatically sign up your account for all AWS services. You pay

only for the services that you use.

If you have an AWS account already, skip to the next step. If you don't have an AWS account, use the

following procedure to create one.

To sign up for an AWS account

1. Open https://aws.amazon.com/, and then choose Create an AWS Account.

Note

This might be unavailable in your browser if you previously signed into the AWS

Management Console. In that case, choose Sign in to a diﬀerent account, and then choose

Create a new AWS account.

2. Follow the online instructions.

Part of the sign-up procedure involves receiving a phone call and entering a PIN using the phone

keypad.

To sign in to the Amazon CloudWatch console

1. Open the CloudWatch console at https://console.aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch/.

2. If necessary, use the navigation bar to change the region to the region where you have your AWS

resources.

3. Even if this is the ﬁrst time you are using the CloudWatch console, Your Metrics could already

report metrics, because you have used a AWS product that automatically pushes metrics to Amazon

CloudWatch for free. Other AWS products require that you enable metrics.

If you do not have any alarms, the Your Alarms section will have a Create Alarm button.

Set Up the AWS CLI

You can use the AWS CLI or the Amazon CloudWatch CLI to perform CloudWatch commands. Note that

the AWS CLI replaces the CloudWatch CLI; we include new CloudWatch features only in the AWS CLI.

For information about how to install and conﬁgure the AWS CLI, see Getting Set Up with the AWS

Command Line Interface in the AWS Command Line Interface User Guide.

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