蓝牙 AVRCP 规范 V1.3：音频/视频遥控简介

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"AVRCP_SPEC_V13 是一份关于蓝牙 Audio/Video Remote Control Profile (AVRCP) 的规范文档，版本为13，是蓝牙音视控制学习的重要参考资料。这份文档由 Bluetooth SIG（蓝牙特别兴趣小组）的 Audio/Video WG（音频/视频工作组）准备，旨在定义蓝牙设备支持音频/视频远程控制使用场景所需的要求。" AVRCP (Audio/Video Remote Control Profile) 是蓝牙技术中一个关键的规范，它允许蓝牙设备之间实现音频和视频播放的远程控制功能。该文档详细阐述了用户服务的需求，并通过定义特性与交互流程，确保蓝牙设备在音频/视频远程控制使用场景下的互操作性。修订历史部分显示，AVRCP 规范自2001年开始经历了多次迭代，从最初的0.5版本到0.95a、0.95b，最终在2002年5月发布了1.00版本，用于投票。这个过程表明了AVRCP规范的成熟度和不断优化，以满足行业需求和用户体验。在AVRCP规范中，可能包含以下知识点： 1. **服务定义**：定义了用户可以通过蓝牙设备进行的操作，如播放、暂停、快进、后退、音量控制等。 2. **角色与功能**：规范中可能会详细说明控制器（Controller）和目标设备（Target）的角色，控制器负责发出控制命令，目标设备接收并执行命令。 3. **事件与响应机制**：描述了设备之间的通信协议，包括如何发送控制命令，以及如何处理和响应这些命令。 4. **兼容性与互操作性**：确保不同品牌和型号的蓝牙设备可以无缝地进行音视频控制。 5. **协议栈结构**：解释了AVRCP如何与蓝牙其他层（如L2CAP、RFCOMM等）交互，以实现数据传输。 6. **安全性和隐私保护**：可能涉及到如何确保用户隐私和控制信号的安全传输。 7. **测试与认证**：文档可能包含了测试用例和认证过程，以确保设备符合AVRCP标准。对于开发者和工程师来说，理解并遵循AVRCP规范是开发蓝牙音频/视频设备的关键，这有助于确保产品能够与其他设备协同工作，提供一致的用户体验。同时，该文档对蓝牙音视控制领域的研究和教学也有着重要的参考价值。

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Page 15 of 93

Audio/Video Remote Control Profile (AVRCP)

16 April 2007

Portable Disc Player

Remote Controller

Headphone

audio

stream*

* The audio stream is not handled in this profile.

Figure 2.3: Remote Control from Separate Controller

2.3.1.2 Remote Control and Audio Stream between Two Devices

In the configuration shown in Figure 2.4 below, the CT is the headphone and the

portable disc player is the TG.

A trigger of the transaction is made by a user from the remote controller that

accompanies the headphone, when he/she wishes to control the portable disc player.

Portable Disc Player

Headphone with

Remote Controller

command

audio stream*

* The audio stream is not handled in this profile.

Figure 2.4: Remote Control and Audio Stream between Two Devices

2.3.1.3 Mutual Remote Control within a Piconet

In the configuration shown in Figure 2.5 below, both the headphone and the portable

disc player are capable of working as remote controllers.

For example, the portable disc player becomes a CT if it controls the volume of the

headphone that becomes a TG. On the other hand, the headphone becomes a CT

when it sends a command to start playback or stop playing to the portable disc as a TG.

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Page 17 of 93

Audio/Video Remote Control Profile (AVRCP)

16 April 2007

2.3.2.2 Limited Latency

The responsiveness of remote control operations is an important feature of AVRCP. It is

expected that the system reacts in a timely manner in order to avoid uncontrollable

situations like system overload by repeated commands.

Latency figures depend on application. Additional information on the desired delay is

provided in

16 Appendix A (Informative): Example of Latency.

CT and TG interoperate through L2CAP channel connections. In case the TG is a

master, it is required to poll the slaves on a regular basis in order to satisfy the

application QoS requirements. It is recommended that the polling rate is approximately

10 Hz.

2.3.2.3 Power Management

The discussions below are intended to be for application information only: there are no

mandatory usages of the low power modes for AVRCP.

It is assumed that battery powered devices are common in the usage model of AVRCP,

in case that CT is a handheld device. The device is recommended to ensure

comparable service grade to the existing infrared product range.

Duplex radio systems suffer from higher power consumption compared to the simple

infrared transmission controller. To compensate this fundamental drawback, dynamic

use of low power modes is recommended especially when only AVRCP is implemented

in a device.

Regarding the details of the low power modes, refer to the Specification of the Bluetooth

System, Core, Baseband

[7] and Link Manager Protocol [9]. Appropriate low power

mode strategy partly depends on applications.

2.3.2.4 User Action

The user action or media status change is required in most cases in AVRCP.

Applications shall

be designed based on this characteristic. It is possible to design

simple automatic operation without a user action; such as a timer function that sends a

command to start recording at pre-set time, within this profile.

2.4 Profile Fundamentals

The profile fundamentals, with which all applications shall comply, are the followings.

1. Use of security features in link level such as authorization, authentication and

encryption are optional. Support for authentication and encryption is mandatory,

such that the device can

take part in the corresponding procedures if requested from

a peer device.

2. A link shall

be established before commands can be initiated or received.

3. There are no fixed master/slave roles.

4. In this profile, the A/V functions are classified into four categories defined in Section

4.8. All devices that conform to this profile shall support at least one category, and

may

support several categories.

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