ABS钻井船建造与分类指南2021

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"ABS Guide for Building and Classing Drillships 2021-11" 《美国船级社（ABS）钻井船建造与分类指南》是2021年11月发布的一份专业文档，主要关注钻井船的船体结构设计和分析。该指南由美国船级社（American Bureau of Shipping，简称ABS）出版，该组织成立于1862年，是一个旨在确保船舶和海上设施安全和可靠性的非营利机构。 ABS规则是全球海事行业的重要标准，此指南作为ABS移动式海上装置（MOU规则）的一部分，为单体表面型和船形钻井单元（即钻井船）的分类提供了具体准则。MOU规则涵盖钻井船的分类要求，而本指南中的船体强度标准需与MOU规则第三部分第二章结合使用。指南内容包括了钻井船的条件分类要求，这些要求在单独的、通用的ABS条件分类规则——海上装置和结构（Part 1）中规定，适用于所有海上服务中的单位、设施、船舶或系统。ABS的这些规则旨在确保海上作业的安全性和合规性，同时考虑了操作环境、设备耐久性和极端天气条件下的结构稳定性。钻井船的船体结构设计和分析是整个指南的核心部分，可能涉及以下几个关键领域： 1. 结构设计：指导如何设计钻井船的船体以承受海上作业的各种负荷，包括自重、装载、波浪力、冰载荷、拖曳力以及钻井设备产生的额外压力。 2. 分析方法：介绍用于评估船体强度的计算方法，如有限元分析、实验模型测试等，以确保结构的耐久性和抗疲劳性能。 3. 材料选择：规定了适合海洋环境的钢材和其他材料的标准，以保证材料的耐腐蚀性和强度。 4. 安全因素：阐述了在设计过程中考虑的安全裕度，以预防潜在的结构失效和事故。 5. 检验和认证：详述了ABS对钻井船建造过程中的检验程序，确保符合规定的标准和规范，以及最终的分类证书发放。 6. 维护和修理：提供关于定期检查、维护和必要时的修理指导，以保持钻井船的结构完整性。 7. 更新与修订：由于技术进步和行业规范的变化，ABS指南会定期更新，以反映最新的最佳实践和安全要求。《ABS Guide for Building and Classing Drillships》是钻井船设计、建造、运营和维护团队的重要参考文献，它确保了海上钻井平台的高效、安全和合规运行。通过遵循这些严格的准则，可以降低海上作业的风险，保护人员生命安全，并保护海洋环境免受潜在的损害。

will be assigned for a minimum design fatigue life of 20 years and published in the

Record. The fatigue life notation SFA (number of years) is assigned if the design

fatigue life is specified to be greater than 20 years. The (number of years) refers to the

design fatigue life equal to 25 years or more (in 5-year increments), as specified by the

owner or designer. When the SFA notation is requested for 25 years or more, the fatigue

analysis of 5/9.1 and 5/9.3 and Appendix A2 is also to satisfy the increased design fatigue

life of the drillship.

* Refer to the ABS Guide for the Fatigue Assessment of Offshore Structures or the ABS Guide for

Spectral-Based Fatigue Analysis for Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO)

Installations.

1.1.1(b) Dynamic Loading Approach. The application of Dynamic Loading Approach is optional

and when requested, the ABS Dynamic Loading Approach and notation DLA may be applied. The

ABS Dynamic Loading Approach and notation DLA may be applied to assess the adequacy of the

drillship structure. In such cases, the drillship will be classed and distinguished in the by the

notation DLA. The DLA notation will be placed after the appropriate hull classification notation.

The dynamic load components considered in the evaluation of the hull structure are to include the

external hydrodynamic pressure loads, internal dynamic loads (fluids stored onboard, ballast,

derrick structure, major equipment items, etc.) and inertial loads of the hull structure. The

magnitude of the load components and their combinations are to be determined from appropriate

ship motion response calculations for loading conditions that represent the envelope of maximum

dynamically-induced stresses in the drillship. The adequacy of the hull structure for all

combinations of the dynamic loadings in transit condition using the wave environment of the

North Atlantic with a 20-year service life is to be evaluated using an acceptable finite element

analysis method. In no case are the structural scantlings to be less than those obtained from other

requirements in this Guide.

1.1.1(c) Hull Construction Monitoring Program. Drillships designed and reviewed to the are to

comply with the requirements of the Offshore Hull Construction Monitoring Program in Appendix

A5 of this Guide and have the notation OHCM.

1.3

Application

1.3.1 General

This Guide contains hull structure, hull interface structure and topside structure design and

analysis requirements for the classification of new build drillships. This Guide is intended for use

in conjunction with the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Marine Vessels (Marine Vessel

Rules), ABS Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Units (MOU Rules) or other

applicable ABS Rules and Guides. This Guide has many cross-references to the Marine Vessel

Rules and MOU Rules. These cross-references are presented in a simple format throughout this

Guide in order to provide quick reference to the users, (i.e., 1-2-3/4.5.6 of the Rules denotes Part

1, Chapter 2, Section 3/Subparagraph 4.5.6 of the Rules).

1.3.2 Ship Size and Proportion

The requirements contained in this Guide are applicable to drillships intended for having lengths

of 150 meters (492 feet) or more, and having parameters within the range as specified in 3-2-1/1

of the Marine Vessel Rules.

1.3.3 Direct Calculations

Direct calculations with respect to the determination of design loads and the establishment of

alternative strength criteria based on first principles, will be accepted for consideration, provided

that all the supporting data, analysis procedures and calculated results are fully documented and

submitted for review. In this regard, due consideration is to be given to the environmental

Section 1 Introduction 1

ABS GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING DRILLSHIPS • 2021 15

Effective section area may be obtained by the following equation:

A = A

sinθ

where

= effective shear area at θ = 90 degrees

1.5.2 Detailed Design

The detailed design of internals is to follow the guidance given in 3-1-2/15 of the Marine Vessel

Rules and in 4/1.5 of this Guide.

See also Appendix A2, “Fatigue Strength Assessment of Drillships”.

1.11 Breaks

Special care is to be taken to provide structural reinforcements against local stresses at the ends of the

cargo tank spaces, superstructures, etc., and in way of concentrated loads from the drilling derrick, pipe

rack, set back, drilling mud storage, etc. The main longitudinal bulkheads are to be suitably tapered at their

ends. Where effective longitudinal bulkheads are provided in the poop or deckhouse, they are to be located

such as to provide effective continuity between the structure in way of and beyond the main cargo spaces.

1.13 Variations

Drillships of a special type or design, differing from those described in this Guide, will be specially

considered on the basis of equivalent strength.

1.15 Loading Guidance (Operating Manual) (1 August 2017)

The drillship is to be provided with a loading manual and a loading instrument as required by 3-1-2/7 and

Appendix 3-2-A2 of the Marine Vessel Rules for a Category 1 Vessel.

1.17 Alternatives

Any departure from the requirements of this Guide may be considered by ABS on the basis of an

additional risk assessment to that required per 2/3 of this Guide, or at least a separate, clearly identified

part of the risk assessment. In the case of such departures, classification is subject to ABS’s approval upon

a demonstration of equivalence in line with the principles of ABS Guides and Rules, as well as recognized

and generally accepted good engineering practice. Risk acceptance criteria are to be developed in line with

the principles of the ABS Rules and are subject to ABS’s approval. The ABS Guidance Notes on Risk

Assessment Applications for the Marine and Offshore Industries contain an overview of risk assessment

techniques and additional information.

A risk approach justification of alternatives may be applicable either to the drillship as a whole or to

individual systems, subsystems or components. As appropriate, account must be given to remote hazards

outside of the bounds of the system under consideration. Such account must include incidents relating to

remote hazards directly affecting or being influenced by the system under consideration. ABS will

consider the application of risk-based techniques in the design of the drillship, verification surveys during

construction and surveys for maintenance of class.

Portions of the drillship not included in the risk assessment are to comply with the applicable parts of the

ABS Rules and Guides.

The following are the responsibility of the owner/operator and to be considered by ABS:

i) Risk acceptance criteria

ii) Hazard identification

iii) Risk assessment

Section 1 Introduction 1

ABS GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING DRILLSHIPS • 2021 17

3.5.2 Scantling Depth (D

)

The depth D

for use with scantling requirements is the distance in meters (feet) from the molded

base line to the strength deck as defined in 1/3.13.3 of this Guide.

3.7

Draft

(d)

d is the molded draft, and is the distance in meters (feet) from the molded base line to the summer load

line.

3.9

Molded Displacement

(Δ)

Δ is the molded displacement of the vessel in metric tons (long tons), excluding appendages, taken at the

summer load line.

3.11

Block Coefficient (C

)

is the block coefficient obtained from the following equation:

= Δ/1.025LB

d (SI & MKS units)

= 35Δ/LB

d (US units)

where

Δ = molded displacement, as defined in 1/3.9.

L = scantling length, as defined in 1/3.1.1

d = draft, as defined in 1/3.7

= the greatest molded breadth at summer load line

3.13

Decks

3.13.1 Freeboard Deck

The freeboard deck normally is the uppermost continuous deck having permanent means for

closing all openings. Where a vessel is designed for a special draft, considerably less than that

corresponding to the least freeboard obtainable under the International Load Line Regulations, the

freeboard deck, for the purpose of the Rules, may be taken as the actual lowest deck from which

the draft can be obtained under those regulations.

3.13.2 Bulkhead Deck

The bulkhead deck is the highest deck to which the watertight bulkheads extend and are made

effective.

3.13.3 Strength Deck

The strength deck is the deck that forms the top of the effective hull girder at any part of its length.

See 3-2-1/11.1 of the Marine Vessel Rules.

3.13.4 Superstructure Deck

A superstructure deck is a deck above the freeboard deck to which the side shell plating extends.

Except where otherwise specified, the term ‘‘superstructure deck’’ where used in the Rules refers

to the first such deck above the freeboard deck.

3.15

Deadweight and Lightship Weight

For the purpose of this Guide, deadweight is the difference in metric tons (long tons) between the

displacement of the drillship at its summer load line in water having a specific gravity of 1.025 and the

lightship weight. For the purpose of this Guide, lightship weight is the displacement of the drillship with

Section 1 Introduction 1

ABS GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING DRILLSHIPS • 2021 19

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ABS钻井船建造与分类指南2021

【船级社】 ABS Guide for Building and Classing Drillships.pdf

【船级社】 ABS Guide for Building and Classing Drillships_Notice_1_

【船级社】 ABS Guide for Building and Classing Drillships_Notice_3.

【船级社】 ABS Guide for Building and Classing Drillships_Corrigenda

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