Matlab DSP Toolbox用户指南：功能全面，实例详尽

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Matlab DSP ToolBox 用户指南是MathWorks公司提供的一款全面且功能丰富的工具箱，专为数字信号处理（DSP）任务设计。此用户手册适用于R2021a版本，包含了大量实用的DSP函数和实例，旨在帮助用户高效地进行信号分析、滤波、频谱分析、系统设计等复杂任务。该工具箱的核心功能包括但不限于： 1. 信号处理函数库：提供了各种信号处理算法和工具，如滤波器设计（如巴特沃斯、切比雪夫、椭圆滤波器）、信号变换（傅立叶变换、小波变换）、调制与解调、时频分析等，支持实时信号处理。 2. 系统设计与仿真：允许用户设计和实现数字信号处理器（DSP）结构，包括线性系统、多工位处理器以及基于模型的设计。通过Simulink环境，用户可以创建完整的信号处理系统模型，并进行仿真测试。 3. 图形用户界面（GUI）和交互式设计：DSP System Toolbox提供了直观的图形化工具，如Signal Analyzer和Filter Design Tool，使得用户能够直观地设计和调整信号处理链路。 4. 实例与教程：手册中包含大量实例，涵盖了从基础操作到高级应用的各个方面，旨在帮助读者快速上手并理解工具箱的使用方法。这些实例通常包括代码、数据和解释，便于学习者跟随和实践。 5. 技术支持与社区：MathWorks为用户提供多种渠道获取帮助，包括官方网站的最新新闻、销售与服务信息、用户社区论坛以及技术支持服务。用户可以通过电话或在线联系MathWorks获取专业解答。 6. 版权与许可：该软件受版权保护，只能根据许可证协议使用，禁止未授权的复制。对于美国联邦政府的收购，此软件符合FAR 12.212和DFAR Part 22中的商业计算机软件定义。 Matlab DSP ToolBox 是一款强大的信号处理开发平台，它不仅提供了丰富的函数库，还通过实践案例和交互式设计工具简化了DSP应用的开发过程。无论是学术研究还是工业项目，用户都能从中受益匪浅。务必确保在使用过程中遵守版权和许可条款。

Addition and Subtraction .................................... 18-9

Multiplication ............................................ 18-10

Casts .................................................. 18-12

System Objects in DSP System Toolbox that Support Fixed-Point Design

........................................................ 18-15

Get Information About Fixed-Point System Objects ................ 18-15

Set System Object Fixed-Point Properties ....................... 18-17

Full Precision for Fixed-Point System Objects .................... 18-18

Simulink Blocks in DSP System Toolbox that Support Fixed-Point Design

........................................................ 18-19

System Objects Supported by Fixed-Point Converter App ........... 18-20

Convert dsp.FIRFilter Object to Fixed-Point Using the Fixed-Point

Converter App ............................................ 18-21

Create DSP Filter Function and Test Bench ..................... 18-21

Convert the Function to Fixed-Point ........................... 18-22

Specify Fixed-Point Attributes for Blocks ........................ 18-27

Fixed-Point Block Parameters ................................ 18-27

Specify System-Level Settings ............................... 18-29

Inherit via Internal Rule .................................... 18-29

Specify Data Types for Fixed-Point Blocks ....................... 18-36

Quantizers ................................................. 18-42

Scalar Quantizers ......................................... 18-42

Vector Quantizers ......................................... 18-45

Create an FIR Filter Using Integer Coeicients ................... 18-49

Dene the Filter Coeicients ................................ 18-49

Build the FIR Filter ........................................ 18-49

Set the Filter Parameters to Work with Integers .................. 18-50

Create a Test Signal for the Filter ............................. 18-51

Filter the Test Signal ...................................... 18-51

Truncate the Output WordLength ............................. 18-53

Scale the Output ......................................... 18-55

Congure Filter Parameters to Work with Integers Using the set2int Method

.................................................... 18-58

Fixed-Point Precision Rules for Avoiding Overow in FIR Filters ..... 18-61

Output Limits for FIR Filters ................................ 18-61

Fixed-Point Precision Rules ................................. 18-63

Polyphase Interpolators and Decimators ........................ 18-64

C Code Generation

Functions and System Objects in DSP System Toolbox that Support C

Code Generation ........................................... 19-2

xvi Contents

Simulink Blocks in DSP System Toolbox that Support C Code Generation

......................................................... 19-4

Understanding C Code Generation in DSP System Toolbox ........... 19-6

Generate C and C++ code from MATLAB code .................... 19-6

Generate C and C++ Code from a Simulink Model ................. 19-6

Shared Library Dependencies ................................. 19-7

Generate C Code for ARM Cortex-M and ARM Cortex-A Processors .... 19-8

Generate Code for Mobile Devices ............................. 19-8

Generate C Code from MATLAB Code ........................... 19-10

Set Up the Compiler ....................................... 19-10

Break Out the Computational Part of the Algorithm into a MATLAB Function

.................................................... 19-10

Make Code Suitable for Code Generation ....................... 19-11

Compare the MEX Function with the Simulation .................. 19-13

Generate a Standalone Executable ............................ 19-13

Read and Verify the Binary File Data .......................... 19-15

Relocate Code to Another Development Environment .............. 19-16

Relocate Code Generated from MATLAB Code to Another Development

Environment ............................................. 19-17

Package the Code ......................................... 19-17

Prebuilt Dynamic Library Files (.dll) ........................... 19-17

Generate C Code from Simulink Model .......................... 19-19

Open the Model .......................................... 19-19

Congure Model for Code Generation .......................... 19-20

Simulate the Model ....................................... 19-20

Generate Code from the Model ............................... 19-21

Build and Run the Generated Code ............................ 19-22

Relocate Code Generated from a Simulink Model to Another Development

Environment ............................................. 19-24

Package the Code ......................................... 19-24

Prebuilt Dynamic Library Files (.dll) ........................... 19-26

How To Run a Generated Executable Outside MATLAB ............. 19-27

Use Generated Code to Accelerate an Application Deployed with MATLAB

Compiler ................................................. 19-30

How Is dspunfold Dierent from parfor? ........................ 19-41

DSP Algorithms Involve States ............................... 19-41

dspunfold Introduces Latency ................................ 19-41

parfor Requires Signicant Restructuring in Code ................ 19-41

parfor Used with dspunfold ................................. 19-41

Workow for Generating a Multithreaded MEX File using dspunfold . 19-43

Workow Example ........................................ 19-43

Why Does the Analyzer Choose the Wrong State Length? ........... 19-47

Reason for Verication Failure ............................... 19-48

Recommendation ......................................... 19-48

xvii

Why Does the Analyzer Choose a Zero State Length? .............. 19-49

Recommendation ......................................... 19-49

Array Plot with Android Devices ................................ 19-50

System objects in DSP System Toolbox that Support SIMD Code

Generation ............................................... 19-55

Generate SIMD Code from MATLAB Algorithms in DSP System Toolbox

........................................................ 19-57

Simulink Blocks in DSP System Toolbox that Support SIMD Code

Generation ............................................... 19-59

Generate SIMD Code from Simulink Blocks in DSP System Toolbox .. 19-64

Compare the Performance of SIMD Code with Generated Plain C Code

.................................................... 19-65

In-Place Memory Optimization ................................. 19-67

HDL Code Generation

Find Blocks That Support HDL Code Generation ................... 20-2

Blocks .................................................. 20-2

System Objects ............................................ 20-3

High Throughput HDL Algorithms ............................... 20-4

Blocks with HDL Support for Frame Input ....................... 20-4

HDL Filter Architectures ...................................... 20-6

Fully Parallel Architecture ................................... 20-6

Serial Architectures ........................................ 20-7

Frame-Based Architecture ................................... 20-8

Subsystem Optimizations for Filters ............................ 20-11

Sharing ................................................ 20-11

Streaming .............................................. 20-11

Pipelining ............................................... 20-11

Area Reduction of Multichannel Filter Subsystem ................. 20-12

Area Reduction of Filter Subsystem ........................... 20-17

Multichannel FIR Filter for FPGA .............................. 20-21

Programmable FIR Filter for FPGA ............................. 20-24

Implementing the Filter Chain of a Digital Down-Converter in HDL .. 20-30

HDL Implementation of a Digital Down-Converter for LTE .......... 20-50

HDL Implementation of a Digital Up-Converter for LTE ............ 20-69

xviii Contents

Designing a Filter in the Filter Builder GUI

Filter Builder Design Process ................................... 24-2

Introduction to Filter Builder ................................. 24-2

Design a Filter Using Filter Builder ............................ 24-2

Select a Response .......................................... 24-2

Select a Specication ....................................... 24-4

Select an Algorithm ........................................ 24-5

Customize the Algorithm .................................... 24-6

Analyze the Design ......................................... 24-7

Realize or Apply the Filter to Input Data ......................... 24-7

Visualize Data and Signals

Display Time-Domain Data ..................................... 25-2

Congure the Time Scope Properties ........................... 25-3

Use the Simulation Controls .................................. 25-6

Modify the Time Scope Display ................................ 25-7

Inspect Your Data (Scaling the Axes and Zooming) ................. 25-8

Manage Multiple Time Scopes ............................... 25-10

Display Frequency-Domain Data in Spectrum Analyzer ............. 25-13

Visualize Central Limit Theorem in Array Plot .................... 25-16

Congure Spectrum Analyzer .................................. 25-19

Signal and Spectrum Computation Information ................... 25-19

Generate a MATLAB Script .................................. 25-22

Spectral Masks ........................................... 25-24

Measurements Panels ...................................... 25-26

Customize Visualization .................................... 25-36

Zoom and Pan ............................................ 25-37

Congure Array Plot ......................................... 25-38

Signal Display ........................................... 25-38

Multiple Signal Names and Colors ............................ 25-40

Congure Plot Settings ..................................... 25-40

Use Array Plot Measurements ............................... 25-41

Share or Save the Array Plot ................................ 25-43

Scale Axes .............................................. 25-44

Set Additional Properties ................................... 25-44

Find the Array Plot Block in Your Model ........................ 25-44

Congure Time Scope Block .................................. 25-45

Signal Display ........................................... 25-45

Display Multiple Signals .................................... 25-47

Time Scope Measurement Panels ............................. 25-49

Style Dialog Box .......................................... 25-71

Axes Scaling Properties .................................... 25-71

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