Visual Basic .NET入门指南：.NET框架下的视觉蓝图

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"《Hungry Minds - Visual Basic.NET Visual Blueprint (VBL)》是一本详细介绍如何在.NET框架上构建灵活程序的指南。该书分为多个章节，包括从入门到高级的主题，如安装和配置Visual Studio .NET开发环境，理解面向对象的概念，以及逐步探索语言基础、新特性与升级过程。读者可以学习如何创建Windows Forms应用程序，操作各种控件，如按钮、标签和图像列表，实现文本输入、日期选择等交互功能。本书特别关注编程技巧，介绍了如何编写控制方法，处理变量、数据类型、运算符，以及使用条件语句（If、Select Case）和循环结构（For、Do）。此外，还涵盖了数组的使用，提供输入输出操作，如文件I/O、网络通信、图形和多媒体处理，以及数据库访问，如ADO.NET。作者Richard Bowman通过实例演示了如何创建组件、使用Web服务和开发组件，包括自定义用户界面和组件设计。书中还涵盖了调试、错误处理、安装管理和调试技术，以及如何利用CD-ROM中的工具，如UltraWebTree demo和IP*Works.NET试用版。附录提供了电子版本书籍的使用说明以及版权和许可信息。《Visual Basic.NET Visual Blueprint》旨在帮助读者成为精通.NET框架的开发者，无论是初学者还是经验丰富的程序员，都能从中找到适合自己的内容，提升编程技能，创建出功能强大的.NET应用程序。"

xiv

HOW TO USE THIS BOOK

Visual Basic .NET: Your visual blueprint for building

versatile programs on the .NET Framework uses simple,

straightforward examples to teach you how to create

powerful and dynamic programs.

To get the most out of this book, you should read each

chapter in order, from beginning to end. Each chapter

introduces new ideas and builds on the knowledge

learned in previous chapters. When you become familiar

with Visual Basic .NET: Your visual blueprint for building

versatile programs on the .NET Framework, you can use

this book as an informative desktop reference.

Who This Book Is For

If you are interested in writing applications for Windows

computers and the Internet using the Visual Basic .NET

programming environment, Visual Basuc .NET: Your visual

blueprint for building versatile programs on the .NET

Framework is the book for you.

This book takes you through the process of installing and

using the Development Studio, writing advanced

Windows Applications, and developing Web applications.

The book also provides detailed coverage to develop

reusable components and package your application or

component.

Although this book requires no prior experience with

Visual Basic programming, a familiarity with the Microsoft

Windows operating system installed on your computer,

and programming languages in general is recommended.

What You Need to Use This Book

To perform the tasks in this book, you need a computer

with Microsoft Windows NT 4.0, 2000, or XP installed, as

well as Microsoft Visual Studio .NET. You do not require

any special development tools, because all the tools are

part of the Visual Studio .NET Development Environment.

The Conventions in This Book

A number of typographic and layout styles have been used

throughout Visual Basic .NET: Your visual blueprint for

building versatile programs on the .NET Framework to

distinguish different types of information.

Courier Font

Indicates the use of Visual Basic for Applications (VBA)

code such as tags or attributes, scripting language code

such as statements, operators, or functions, and Excel

Object Model code such as objects, methods, or

properties.

Bold

Indicates information that you must type.

Italics

Indicates a new term.

An Apply It section usually contains a segment of code

that takes the lesson you just learned one step further.

Apply It sections offer inside information and pointers that

you can use to enhance the functionality of your code.

An Extra section provides additional information about the

task you just accomplished. Extra sections often contain

interesting tips and useful tricks to make working with

Excel macros easier and more efficient.

013649-4 FM.F 12/3/01 9:08 AM Page xiv

The Organization of this Book

Visual Basic .NET: Your visual blueprint for building versatile

programs on the .NET Framework contains 13 chapters and

one appendix.

The first chapter, “Getting Started with Visual Basic .NET,”

familiarizes you to the features and functions you use

throughout the book. You learn how to install Visual

Studio .NET, how to create a new project, how to save and

open project files, and how to upgrade Visual Basic 6.0

projects.

Chapter 2, “Getting Started with Windows Forms,” shows

you how to build and manage the development of a

Windows application. This chapter focuses on how to work

in the Visual Development environment and how to build

menus and various windows.

Chapter 3, “Work with Controls,” shows you how to build

various types of controls, such as buttons, radio buttons,

check boxes, list boxes, and toolbars onto your Windows

forms applications.

The fourth chapter, “Programming in Visual Basic .NET,”

shows you how to work with the Visual Basic language to

declare and use variables, strings, arrays, collections, use

operators, arguments, conditional blocks, and loops.

Chapter 5, “Provide Input and Output,” shows you how to

read and write from files, detect changes in the file system,

and retreive file and directory listings. This chapter also

covers how to add printing and print preview support, and

how to download information from a network or the

Internet. You also learn how to building your own server.

Chapter 6, “Create Graphics and Multimedia,” shows you

how to add graphics commands to your application. This

chapter shows you how to draw lines, shapes, and text, in

various fills and patterns. This chapter shows you how to

build a custom shape and apply it to the form to make a

custom-shaped form of any dimension or shape.

Chapters 7, “Work with Classes,” and 8, “Using Advanced

OPP Techniques” illustrate how to build and use classes

effectively. This includes how to develop a set of

properties, methods, and events in your classes. It also

continues to explore more advanced techniques for class

development, including inheritance, overloading, and

using threads.

The ninth chapter, “Access ADO .NET,” introduces you to

the ADO .NET database-programming tools, and shows

you how to build data-bound controls, how to use data

grids, and how to develop data validation

Chapter 10, “Using Web Forms,” illustrates the

development of Web forms server applications. The

chapter shows you how to use the Web interface designer,

and how to work with controls and the event model to

build applications that run in any standard Web browser.

Chapter 11, “Using Web Services,” shows you how to build

service applications, export functionality from Web

services over the Internet, and how to monitor services.

Chapter 12, “Developing Components,” shows you how to

build your own components, controls, Web controls, and

user controls.

Chapter 13, “Package Your Application,” illustrates how to

package your application to distribute, how to catch and

handle errors, and how to provide features for disabled

users.

What’s on the CD-ROM

The CD-ROM included in this book contains the sample

project code from each of the two-page lessons

throughout the book. This saves you from having to type

the code and helps you quickly get started creating VB

.NET code. The CD-ROM also contains several evaluation

versions of programs that you can use to work with Visual

Basic .NET: Your visual blueprint for building versatile

programs on the .NET Framework. An e-version of the book

and all the URLs mentioned in the book are also available

on the disc.

VISUAL BASIC .NET:

Your visual blueprint for building

versatile programs on the .NET Framework

013649-4 FM.F 12/3/01 9:08 AM Page xv

isual Basic .NET is part of Microsoft Visual Studio .NET,

the latest development environment from Microsoft.

With Visual Basic .NET, or VB .NET for short, you can

create powerful Windows and Internet applications using

a unified toolkit. See the section “Understanding the

Framework” for more information on the .NET Framework.

With the release of VB .NET, Visual Basic received advanced

language features on par with languages like C++, C#, and

Java. Powerful new features give VB .NET the simplicity of its

predecessors, but with the power of creating full-fledged

applications that take advantage of the computing field’s

latest innovations.

AN INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL BASIC .NET

VISUAL BASIC .NET

Easy to Use

The Visual Basic language implements an updated

version of the original BASIC language, developed in

1964. The focus of the BASIC language was to provide a

high-level programming language that hid much of a

computer’s complexity from the developer.

Automatic Memory Management

Visual Basic .NET uses a system called garbage

collection to manage your application’s memory.

Garbage collection is an important feature that VB .NET

shares with languages like C# and Java. Garbage

collection does not explicitly require you to delete

objects from memory. VB .NET finds objects that are no

longer referenced and removes them from memory

automatically when your application is idle.

Fully Object-Oriented

Visual Basic .NET, unlike Visual Basic 6.0 and earlier

versions, supports full object-oriented programming,

with support for polymorphism, true inheritance, and

interfaces. Full object-oriented programming enables

VB .NET to communicate and extend other high-level

languages such as Visual C++ and C#. In fact, because

of the power of the .NET Framework, Visual Basic .NET

can utilize source files from another language, inheriting

a class created in C# or providing true objects for use in

C++. For more information on using objects, see

Chapter 7.

Powerful Database Support

VB .NET extends the strong support for which the Visual

Basic language is known when developing high-level,

multi-tier database applications. Supporting a new

version of ADO and ADO.NET, VB .NET can create

powerful Web-enabled database applications with better

performance and more functions than ever before.

Visual Development

The advent of the Graphical User Interface (GUI)

promised easier-to-use computers. But developing

applications for the GUI environment was more

difficult than expected. Visual Basic was the first

Windows programming language that successfully

used drag and drop and a powerful integrated

development environment (IDE) to enable users to

develop applications in record time.

Today, the Visual Studio.NET suite shares one IDE

that performs an enormous array of functions. The IDE

design allows it to expand to support various languages

and toolkits. The integration of languages also means

you do not have to learn multiple development

environments if you work with more than one language.

True Web Development

Visual Basic .NET uses the new ASP.NET objects to

create fully compiled server-side applications that use

the full power of the Visual Basic language and the

.NET Framework while still interfacing with standard

browsers. ASP.NET, combined with Visual Basic .NET,

provides a unique development system called Web

Forms that brings the drag-and-drop ease of Visual

Basic to Web development.

Web Services, possibly one of the most important

features of the .NET Framework, provides a method

of accessing remote objects over the Internet using

the SOAP standard, which relies on XML. You can store

an object on a Web server and enable any application

to access this object directly over the Internet

transparently. For example, you can create a Windows

application that uses an object stored on a centralized

Web server the same as you use a component on the

local machine. Visual Basic .NET takes full advantage of

this functionality and creates Web-enabled objects.

FEATURES

3649-4 Ch01.F 12/3/01 9:08 AM Page 2

GETTING STARTED WITH VISUAL BASIC .NET

Native Windows Applications

You can use the Windows Forms technology present in

VB .NET to develop applications that take full advantage

of the Windows operating systems. A powerful form

designer lets you click, drag, and drop your way to a

complete Windows interface. See Chapter 2 to develop

Windows applications.

Games and Multimedia Applications

Visual Basic .NET accesses the same class library as other

languages in Visual Studio.NET, providing VB .NET access

to powerful GDI+ and DirectX functions. The .NET

Framework Library wraps a complete class library

around all Windows drawing functions, enabling you to

use graphic commands just like other components in the

Visual Basic .NET system without calling complex system

calls. See Chapter 5 for information on graphics

commands.

Database Applications

Data access has been a strong point of the Visual Basic

language since its inception, and Visual Basic .NET

carries the tradition by providing the most sophisticated

data access tools to date. You can drag and drop tables

onto your forms and point-and-click to create

automatically connected controls. With Microsoft’s

Active Data Objects library (ADO.NET), you can access

a variety of database systems through one powerful

environment. You can use standard classes in ADO.NET

to easily transport your application from Microsoft

Access to Microsoft SQL Server to Oracle servers with

little-to-no change in code. See Chapter 9 to develop

database applications.

Create Windows Services

Visual Basic .NET can create true Windows services,

the software that maintains background tasks on a

Windows NT, Windows 2000, or Windows XP system.

Windows includes a number of services that let the

system index files on disks for faster searching, run

Internet servers, and pass messages from application to

application. Services enable you to easily create servers

and utilities that integrate with Windows to provide

transparent background functions. VB .NET is the first

version of Visual Basic to support the creation of service

applications. See Chapter 11 to develop your own

Windows services.

Create Web Applications

New Web Forms technology in VB .NET lets you create

interactive applications that run over the Web. These

applications run completely on the server using

Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS). You can

create applications that function with any browser

and allow Web Forms to maintain variables and state

information across pages automatically, creating a

seamless application development process for you.

See Chapter 10 to develop Web applications.

Create Web Services

Web Services use the power of .NET technologies

to export functions across the Internet in a secure

manner. Any .NET enabled application, whether a Web

Forms application or a Windows Forms application, can

access the Web Service as if it is present on the same

machine. See Chapter 11 to develop your own Web

service.

DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT

Console Applications

New to Visual Basic .NET, you can create console

applications that run in standard text consoles. These

console applications let you create utilities that a user

can access from the command line and create quick

programs to test programming functions. See Chapter 4

for more information on creating console applications.

3649-4 Ch01.F 12/3/01 9:08 AM Page 3

⁄ Insert Visual Studio Disk 1

into your CD-ROM drive.

¤ Click Step 2 to begin

installing Visual Studio. NET.

■ You can update system

components, by clicking Step

1 and follow the directions.

■ You can click Step 3 to

check for the latest Service

Releases.

‹ Click I accept the license

agreement (

„

change to

› Type a product key.

ˇ Click Continue.

he first step in using VB .NET involves installing the

Development Studio and compilers. The Visual Studio

.NET application suite includes Visual C++, Visual C#,

Visual Basic .NET, an enormous help library courtesy of the

Microsoft Developers Network (MSDN), and various tools.

A full installation of Visual Studio .NET recommends 500MB

of space on a system drive and 2.5GB of space on an

application drive. Visual Studio .NET does not support

Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows ME operating

systems. If you plan to use the Web development tools, you

can install Visual Studio on Windows 2000 Server, although

Visual Studio .NET can work with remote Windows 2000

servers. Visual Studio .NET requires a minimum of 96MB of

RAM to install on Windows 2000 Professional and

recommends 128MB. For Windows 2000 Server, Visual

Studio .NET requires 192MB of RAM and recommends

256MB.

When you install Visual Studio .NET, you may need to

update a number of Windows components. The Visual

Studio .NET installation prompts you to insert the Windows

Component Update CD-ROM included in the package, and

it updates your system with Windows Service Packs and

other components. The installation automatically reboots

during this installation. The installation then asks you to

optionally enter log in information so it can log in

automatically and continue the installation.

The Visual Studio installation itself spans multiple

CD-ROMs or a single DVD, but automates most of the

installation process. It enables you to select different drives

for different components of the installation, which helps to

lessen the extreme disk space requirements. By default, the

installation installs all three programming languages and

runs the help from the CD-ROM. The MSDN help libraries

are a very important resource, so if you have enough disk

space, you can set the MSDN help selection to install to

disk to make it more readily accessible.

INSTALL VISUAL STUDIO .NET

VISUAL BASIC .NET

INSTALL VISUAL STUDIO

3649-4 Ch01.F 12/3/01 9:08 AM Page 4

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