PCap04官方手册：灵活高效的电容数字转换器

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"PCap04官方数据手册是一份详细介绍了ams公司开发的高性能电容至数字转换器（Capacitance-to-Digital Converter, CDC）的技术文档。该芯片集成了数字信号处理器（DSP），旨在实现对电容值的实时、高精度测量，并提供在芯片上的数据处理功能。其设计原理基于ams的PICOCAP技术，具有低功耗、高分辨率和快速响应的特点。 PCap04的输入范围广泛，能够适应从几 femtofarads（fF）到几百 nanofarads（nF）的电容测量需求，无论是接地还是悬浮连接的传感器，都能轻松应对。内部的DSP允许用户定制传感器算法，如线性化和温度补偿，输出数据支持数字接口（如SPI或I2C）以及模拟接口（PDM/PWM），极大地提升了系统的可扩展性和灵活性。文档还强调了使用PCap04的附加价值，包括： 1. 高灵活性：容易适应各种应用场景，无论是单一电容测量还是多路传感器系统，都无需过多硬件调整。 2. 高性能：内置DSP提供了强大的数据处理能力，能实现实时复杂算法，提高系统整体性能。 3. 宽范围输入：适应不同规模的电容变化，适用于精密电子设备中的精确传感应用。 4. 易配置：用户可以根据实际需求轻松设置参数，简化系统设计过程。 5. 多种输出选项：支持数字和模拟两种输出方式，满足不同用户对于数据传输和处理的需求。在文档的最后部分，提供了产品订购信息和内容指南，帮助潜在用户了解如何获取和使用PCap04。这份数据手册对于任何寻求高效、灵活电容测量解决方案的工程师来说，都是不可或缺的参考资料。"

Page 16 ams Datasheet

Document Feedback [v1-03] 2018-Apr-04

PCap04 − Timing Characteristics

Figure 15:

PCap04 Timing Characteristics

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

START

Start-Up Time 3.9 4.0 ms

CDC Discharge Time Measure range 1 0 20 µs

RDC Discharge Time Measure range 1 0 20 µs

SPI

SPI Bus Frequency Clock frequency 0 20 MHz

I2C

I²C Bus Frequency Data rate 0 100 kHz

Timing Characteristics

ams Datasheet Page 17

[v1-03] 2018-Apr-04 Document Feedback

PCap04 − Detailed Description

PCap04 is an integrated solution for digitizing capacitive and

resistive sensors, including a DSP for data processing like

linearization and temperature correction. A 6-channel CDC

allows to handle grounded and floating sensors in single and

differential mode. The capacitance range applicable is from a

few pF to hundreds of nanofarads. The RDC unit is mainly

intended for measuring temperature, by means of an internal

sensor and reference or by means of external resistors like

PT1000.

A 32-bit digital signal processor (DSP) in Harvard architecture

is integrated to the PCap04. It is responsible for taking the

information from the CDC and RDC measuring units, for

processing the data and making them available to the user

interface. Both, the CDC/RDC raw data as well as the data

processed by the DSP are stored in the RAM. The program for

the DSP is stored in the NVRAM. The DSP can collect various

status information from a set of 64 I/O Bits and write back 16 of

those. This way, the DSP can react on and also control the GPIO

pins of PCap04. The DSP is internally clocked at approximately

60MHz. The internal clock is stopped through a firmware

command, to save power. The DSP starts again upon a GPIO

signal or an “end of measurement” condition.

In its simplest form, the DSP transfers the pure time

measurement information from the CDC/RDC to the read

registers without any further processing. The next higher step

is to calculate the capacitance ratios including the information

from the compensation measurements, as it is provided in ams

standard firmware version PCap04_standard_v01.hex. Finally,

ams provides a ready-made linearize firmware that performs a

linearization via polynomial of third degree and temperature

compensation via polynomial of second degree. Many

functional blocks for the linearization firmware are

implemented as ROM code. This way, the main firmware can be

very compact and can fit into the 1k NVRAM.

Figure 16:

CDC, RDC and DSP Embedding

Detailed Description

DSP

RAM

RDC

CDC

IIC/

SPI

IIC/

SPI

I/O bits

Program Memory

(ROM + NVRAM)

GPIO

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