Java LDAP编程实战

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"LDAP编程与Java" 《LDAP Programming with Java》这本书深入探讨了如何使用Java进行轻量级目录访问协议（LDAP）的开发。LDAP是一种开放的标准，用于存储和检索分布式目录服务中的数据，常用于企业身份验证、权限管理和信息管理。在Java中进行LDAP编程，可以利用其强大的网络和安全特性，实现高效且安全的目录服务操作。该书由Rob Welterman和Tony Dahbura合著，旨在帮助Java开发者理解和应用LDAP技术。书中可能会涵盖以下关键知识点： 1. **LDAP基础**：介绍LDAP的概念，包括目录结构、对象类、属性和DN（Distinguished Name）等基本元素，以及如何在LDAP目录中创建、查询、更新和删除条目。 2. **Java LDAP API**：讲解JNDI（Java Naming and Directory Interface）和Java LDAP API，这是Java中用于访问目录服务的接口和类库，包括Context、NamingException和其他核心接口的使用。 3. **连接和认证**：阐述如何建立与LDAP服务器的连接，以及不同类型的认证机制，如简单的密码认证、SASL（Simple Authentication and Security Layer）和Kerberos等。 4. **搜索和过滤**：详细解释如何构造和执行LDAP查询，包括使用过滤器来精确匹配目录中的条目。 5. **修改和操作目录**：讨论如何添加、删除、修改和移动目录中的条目，以及处理多值属性和递归操作。 6. **安全性**：涵盖LDAP操作的安全性问题，如SSL/TLS加密、权限控制和访问控制列表（ACLs）。 7. **实战示例**：提供实际的代码示例，展示如何在Java应用程序中集成和使用LDAP服务，如用户身份验证、权限管理和服务发现。 8. **高级主题**：可能包括联合身份验证、LDAP同步、事件监听和目录设计策略等进阶内容。 9. **故障排查和最佳实践**：提供在开发和部署LDAP应用时可能遇到的问题及其解决方案，以及优化性能和可维护性的建议。通过阅读此书，开发者可以学习到如何有效地利用Java和LDAP来构建高效、安全的目录服务解决方案，这对于需要管理和验证大量用户账户或需要快速访问大量结构化数据的大型企业尤其有价值。尽管英文版可能对部分读者造成阅读障碍，但原文通常能提供最准确和最新的信息，是开发人员获取权威知识的重要来源。

In this book we’ve provided a very large number of examples for every aspect of

programming with Directory SDK for Java, from simple code snippets to more than

two dozen complete components and applications. You may be able to use some of

them as starting points for your own projects.

We do not discuss directory deployment scenarios or how to conﬁgure an LDAP

server. Such topics are explored in detail in other books and in documentation pro-

vided by vendors of LDAP servers.

To Get the Most Out of This Book

We’re assuming that readers of this book are somewhat familiar with programming in

Java, so we will not introduce or explain standard Java constructs. There are many

excellent books on Java programming in general, and on Java client-server program-

ming in particular. However, we will start at ground zero when it comes to directories

and LDAP.

How the Book Is Organized

Introduction to LDAP

Chapter 1 presents the role of directories in software systems today and describes how

applications can beneﬁt from using them, as well as presenting cases in which directo-

ries are not as good a ﬁt as relational databases.

Chapter 2 introduces the LDAP protocol against this background and presents

the LDAP naming and information models that together deﬁne how data is stored and

accessed in a directory.

After acquainting you with the basic LDAP concepts and terminology, in Chap-

ter 3 we will look at how Directory SDK for Java can help a Java program, servlet, or

applet gain access to an LDAP server. After installing the SDK, we will try a few sim-

ple searches with the SDK’s command-line search tool to become familiar with how a

client typically interacts with an LDAP server.

Getting Started

In Chapter 4 we will install an LDAP server for use in the remainder of the book. If you

already have a directory installed that is compatible with version 3 of the LDAP protocol

(LDAPv3), you need only add to the directory the sample database ﬁle that is provided

on the CD-ROM that accompanies the book. The examples in the book do not generally

assume any particular vendor’s directory product; exceptions are indicated clearly.

xviii Preface

With the SDK installed and a directory available, Chapter 5 dives into how to

retrieve data from an LDAP server. Searching is the predominant LDAP operation in

most programs, and we will cover all parameters that affect the results to be returned,

as well as how to obtain optimal performance.

Chapter 6 explores the add, modify, delete, and rename operations for updating data

in a directory, along with how to use groups.

Authentication is touched on brieﬂy in Chapter 6 because most directories are

conﬁgured not to allow anonymous clients to update any data. Chapter 7, however,

covers the topic thoroughly. Besides covering simple authentication with a distin-

guished name (DN) and password, it introduces authentication with Secure Sockets

Layer (SSL) and Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL), and it explains

how access control is conﬁgured and updated in Netscape Directory Server.

Down and Dirty

Chapter 8 discusses the special considerations for LDAP client code that is intended to

run as an applet in a browser. The steps required to digitally sign an applet for use

with Microsoft Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator, and the Sun Java Plug-in Soft-

ware are presented in detail.

In Chapter 9 we investigate how to access the SDK from JavaScript in a browser.

Chapter 10 demonstrates how to encapsulate LDAP functionality in a JavaBean

and provides full source for a directory tree browser JavaBean and a table JavaBean

for listing the results of a search operation.

In Chapter 11 we take a detailed look at how an application can store conﬁgura-

tion and preferences in a directory.

In a directory, data is stored as a tree. Chapter 12 illustrates how directory data

can model relationships other than the physical tree relationships. A JavaBean is

developed to extract reporting relationships from LDAP data and present the results

as an organizational chart. Another JavaBean presents the contents of a directory

entry. The chapter concludes by hooking up into simple applications the graphical

JavaBeans that have been developed up to that point in the book.

Chapter 13 develops a complete server-side application: a corporate online “phone

book.” The application is a Java servlet that makes selected personal directory informa-

tion, such as phone numbers and photographs, available to any user with a browser.

In Chapter 14 we summarize and discuss all the options and constraints that

may be selected by an application for searching and other operations.

Beyond the Basics

Chapter 15 discusses various aspects of the SDK and of LDAP programming in

general that are not discussed as often as the other topics in this book, such as

Preface xix

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