PowerMock实战：即时mock测试教程

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《即时Mock测试：PowerMock实战指南》是一本由Deep Shah所著的专业技术书籍，由Packt Publishing出版于2013年10月。该书聚焦于JUnit和EasyMock框架的高级应用，特别介绍了如何利用PowerMock进行单元测试，这是一种强大的Java工具，用于在测试时模拟、控制和扩展对象的行为，特别是在处理静态方法、私有方法以及对构造函数的访问上。 PowerMock是一种在单元测试中使用的扩展，它扩展了JMockit或Mockito等现有的Mocking框架，提供了更深层次的模拟功能。它允许开发者在测试环境中创建和修改系统内部难以直接mock的对象，如final类、静态方法和不可见构造函数。这对于那些依赖于这些限制性资源的复杂系统尤为重要，因为它们可能难以直接通过标准Mocking技术进行测试。书中内容覆盖了PowerMock的基本概念、安装和配置、mocking策略（包括条件mocking和延迟初始化），以及如何有效地编写测试用例，确保代码质量。此外，作者还可能探讨了如何处理依赖注入（Dependency Injection）和测试驱动开发（TDD）场景中的Mocking，以及PowerMock与持续集成（CI）和自动化测试工具的集成实践。《即时Mock测试：PowerMock实战》不仅适合经验丰富的软件开发人员，也适用于希望提升测试技能并掌握高级Mocking技术的新手。阅读本书可以帮助读者深入了解如何利用PowerMock进行高效、灵活的单元测试，从而提高代码的可维护性和可靠性。请注意，版权方面，未经Packt Publishing事先书面许可，任何形式的复制、存储、传输或引用书中的内容都受到法律保护。尽管作者和出版社已尽力确保信息的准确性，但书中提供的所有信息均按“原样”销售，不附带任何明示或暗示的保修。

Preface

Errata

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Instant Mock Testing with PowerMock

Saying Hello World! (Simple)

Unit testing enables us to test small bits of code in isolation. This essentially enables us to

test the behavior and functionality of our system in a very granular way.

Let's say that we want to write unit tests for a piece of code that converts an employee name

to uppercase and writes it to a database. There are two ways in which we can test this:

f Assert that the code converts the employee name to uppercase and also verify that it

gets written to the database. In this approach we verify two things:

 The business logic of converting the employee name to uppercase

 The fact that it gets written to the database correctly

To verify the second statement, we need to make sure that the database is available

when the test is executing. We are essentially testing the integration of our code with

the database system. This approach of testing is different from unit testing and is

called integration testing.

f Assert that the code converts the employee name to uppercase and verify that a call

was made to the database to write this information. In this approach we verify two

things (which are slightly different from what we verify in the rst approach):

 The business logic of converting the employee name to uppercase

 The fact that we made a call to write this information to the database

In this approach, we do not actually go to the database and check if the employee

name was successfully written. We only verify that a call was made to write this

information to the database.

It's clear by now that we cannot work with the actual database in this approach. This

is when mocking comes into the picture. Mocks are nothing but simulated objects

that can mimic the behavior of real objects.

This recipe will demonstrate a very simple mocking example using PowerMock. It will show us

the basic syntax for creating a mock and verifying a method invocation.

How to do it...

1. Let's say that we have a very simple EmployeeController class. As the name

suggests, this class performs the Create, Read, Update, and Delete (CRUD)

operations on the Employee class.

2. This class delegates the heavy lifting to the EmployeeService class to actually

perform these operations.

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