5.9 GHz频段C-V2X与802.11p共存问题探讨

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"这篇文档是5G Automotive Association (5GAA) 在2018年3月14日发布的一份立场文件，讨论了在5.9 GHz频段内C-V2X（Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything）和802.11p两种车载通信技术的共存问题。文件指出，欧洲市场对这两种用于智能交通系统(ITS)的技术都有需求，即3GPP的LTE-V2X和IEEE的802.11p。由于欧洲的频谱法规保持技术中立，两种技术在此频段均有同等使用权，但需符合相应的法规技术条件。5GAA支持LTE-V2X作为当前C-V2X的实现，并作为向5G技术演进的平台。文件的重点在于探讨如何在5.9 GHz频段实现两者的同频道共存，因为这对ITS行业至关重要，需要所有利益相关者找到一个比例适当、公平且实际的解决方案，以便市场能继续部署ITS设备的进程。" 本文主要涉及以下知识点： 1. **C-V2X与802.11p**: 这两种技术都是车载通信的关键技术，用于实现车辆间的通信，以提升道路安全和交通效率。C-V2X基于蜂窝网络，通过3GPP标准进行发展，而802.11p是基于Wi-Fi的专用短程通信(DSRC)技术，属于IEEE 802.11标准的一部分。 2. **5.9 GHz频段**: 这个频段在欧洲被指定用于智能交通系统，两者都能在此频段内运行，但由于技术中立的频谱政策，它们都必须遵守相关法规。 3. **共存问题**: 在同一频率上同时使用两种技术可能会导致干扰问题，因此需要研究和制定策略以确保两者能够和谐共存，不影响各自的性能和功能。 4. **5GAA的立场**: 5GAA作为行业组织，倡导LTE-V2X作为当前的C-V2X实现，同时考虑其向5G的演进潜力。然而，文件的主要目标不是比较两种技术的优劣，而是解决共存问题。 5. **解决方案的重要性**: 文件强调找到一个公平且实际的共存方案对整个ITS行业的进步至关重要，因为它将直接影响所有利益相关者，包括制造商、运营商和用户，以及市场的部署进度。 6. **市场部署**: 解决共存问题后，可以推动ITS设备的大规模部署，促进智能交通系统的实施，这将有助于提高交通安全，优化交通流量，减少拥堵，并可能为自动驾驶等先进技术的发展铺平道路。这份文件聚焦于C-V2X和802.11p在5.9 GHz频段的共存挑战，强调了找到合适解决方案的紧迫性和重要性，以及这一问题对整个汽车行业和未来交通系统的影响。

LATEST NEWS

June 12, 2017

www.5GAA.org

Coexistence of C-V2X and 802.11p at 5.9 GHz

POSITION PAPER | 12 June 2017

1 Summary

Today the European market has interest in two distinct technologies for Intelligent Transport

Systems (ITS) and the provision of vehicle to vehicle communications; namely 3GPP LTE-V2X and

IEEE 802.11p.

The technology neutral nature of spectrum regulations in Europe means that both LTE-V2X

and

802.11p have equal rights to operate in the 5.9 GHz band, subject to compliance with the relevant

regulatory technical conditions.

It is not the objective of this paper to compare and contrast the relative merits of these two

technologies, although the 5GAA is a proponent of LTE-V2X as today’s realisation of Cellular V2X

(C-V2X), and as a platform to evolve towards 5G technologies.

Instead, in this paper we address the issue of co-channel coexistence between the two

technologies at 5.9 GHz. We note that this is a critically important issue for the ITS industry, and

that it is beneficial for all stakeholders to arrive at a proportionate, fair, and pragmatic solution to

resolve this matter, and allow the market to proceed with the deployment of ITS equipment.

To this end, we propose a solution – to be agreed among the stakeholders – to be implemented

in up to three steps. In all steps, each of C-V2X and 802.11p can operate safety-related ITS services

free from co-channel interference from the other technology. The difference between the distinct

steps lies in the overall usage efficiency of the spectrum resource: In the short-term, we propose

to allocate distinct 10 MHz channels at 5875-5905 MHz to each of the two technologies, while the

final configuration will apply full sharing of all available channels across the two technologies. The

latter will require further studies on appropriate sharing mechanisms and thus cannot be

provided from the beginning.

We further explain how such a first step

partitioning

of 5875-5905 MHz might be complemented

by additional technical mechanisms which would – where needed – allow each of C-V2X and

802.11p to access the remaining 20 MHz in a fair manner, with a reduced risk of harmful co-

channel interference.

We believe that the proposed approach would greatly facilitate the coexistence of C-V2X and

802.11p at 5.9 GHz, and we would encourage stakeholders to further develop this proposal and

come to a speedy agreement on this for the benefit of the European ITS industry as a whole.

LTE-V2X encompasses two interfaces: (a) The wide area network LTE interface (Uu) that connects end-user devices and vehicles

to base stations (eNBs) and the core network, to provide vehicle to network (V2N) services. LTE-V2N can be supported by

spectrum harmonised and designated for mobile communication networks; (b) The direct communications interface (PC5) that

connects vehicles to vehicles (V2V), to roadside infrastructure (V2I) and to pedestrians (V2P), for the provision of low-latency and

high-reliability V2V/I/P services independently of any MNO relationship and cellular network availability. LTE-V2V/I/P can be

supported by spectrum that is harmonised for ITS, namely 5.9 GHz in Europe. The direct communication mode does not require

coverage by a cellular network, or a V2N connection.

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