使用libpcap库实现的Linux数据包捕获与解析程序

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资源摘要信息: "Linux抓包程序libpcap实现详解" 一、Libpcap库简介 Libpcap是跨平台的网络抓包库,最初由Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory开发,广泛用于Unix系列操作系统,包括Linux。它提供了一组稳定的API,用于捕获通过网络接口发送或接收的数据包。通过libpcap,开发者可以不必关心底层的网络硬件和操作系统的细节,专注于数据包分析和处理。常见的应用包括网络监控、网络安全分析和网络调试工具。 二、Linux抓包程序的实现 使用libpcap库实现Linux下的抓包程序,需要掌握以下几个核心步骤: 1. 初始化libpcap库:程序启动时,首先需要调用pcap_findalldevs()获取系统可用的网络设备列表,并进行初始化。 2. 打开网络设备:通过pcap_open_live()函数打开选定的网络接口,设置抓包的快照长度和超时时间。 3. 过滤器设置:使用pcap_setfilter()函数,可以设置BPF(Berkeley Packet Filter)过滤规则,以决定哪些数据包被捕获。 4. 数据包捕获:利用pcap_loop()或pcap_dispatch()函数进入主循环,实时捕获经过网络接口的数据包。 5. 数据包解析:根据需要对捕获到的数据包进行解析,解析出数据包的头部信息、载荷内容等。 6. 清理资源:在抓包结束后,需要调用pcap_close()释放libpcap库占用的资源。 三、常用数据包抓取与解析 描述中提到该程序可以实现“常用的数据包的抓和解析”,这通常包括以下内容: 1. IP数据包:解析IP头部信息,包括源IP地址、目的IP地址、版本、头部长度、服务类型、总长度、标识、标志、片偏移、生存时间、协议以及头部校验和。 2. TCP/UDP数据包:解析传输层的TCP或UDP头部信息,包括源端口号、目的端口号、序列号、确认号、数据偏移、保留位、控制位、窗口大小、校验和以及紧急指针等。 3. ICMP数据包:分析ICMP协议的数据包内容,包括类型、代码、校验和以及数据部分。 4. 应用层数据:根据协议的不同,进一步解析HTTP、DNS、FTP等应用层协议的数据内容。 四、示例文件内容解析 1. woshi.txt:此文件可能包含了一些“我”的个人信息或说明,但与Linux抓包程序的实现无直接关联。 2. linux 抓包程序libpcap.txt:这个文件很可能是关于如何使用libpcap库进行Linux环境下抓包的指南,具体包括了程序安装、库的链接、接口的监听、过滤器配置、数据包捕获、解析方法以及常见问题解答等内容。该指南可能会详细描述上述步骤和相关API的使用,为读者提供了一个完整的Linux抓包程序的实现框架。 总结,该文件集提供了一套使用libpcap库在Linux环境下实现网络数据包捕获和解析的完整方案。通过对libpcap库的理解和应用,读者可以构建出一个功能丰富的网络监控或分析工具,进一步深入网络数据的处理和分析领域。

// TODO(eladalon): Consider using packet.recovered() to avoid processing // recovered packets here. std::unique_ptrForwardErrorCorrection::ReceivedPacket FlexfecReceiver::AddReceivedPacket(const RtpPacketReceived& packet) { RTC_DCHECK_RUN_ON(&sequence_checker_); // RTP packets with a full base header (12 bytes), but without payload, // could conceivably be useful in the decoding. Therefore we check // with a non-strict inequality here. RTC_DCHECK_GE(packet.size(), kRtpHeaderSize); // Demultiplex based on SSRC, and insert into erasure code decoder. std::unique_ptrForwardErrorCorrection::ReceivedPacket received_packet( new ForwardErrorCorrection::ReceivedPacket()); received_packet->seq_num = packet.SequenceNumber(); received_packet->ssrc = packet.Ssrc(); if (received_packet->ssrc == ssrc_) { // This is a FlexFEC packet. if (packet.payload_size() < kMinFlexfecHeaderSize) { RTC_LOG(LS_WARNING) << "Truncated FlexFEC packet, discarding."; return nullptr; } received_packet->is_fec = true; ++packet_counter_.num_fec_packets; // Insert packet payload into erasure code. received_packet->pkt = rtc::scoped_refptr<ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet>( new ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet()); received_packet->pkt->data = packet.Buffer().Slice(packet.headers_size(), packet.payload_size()); } else { // This is a media packet, or a FlexFEC packet belonging to some // other FlexFEC stream. if (received_packet->ssrc != protected_media_ssrc_) { return nullptr; } received_packet->is_fec = false; // Insert entire packet into erasure code. // Create a copy and fill with zeros all mutable extensions. received_packet->pkt = rtc::scoped_refptr<ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet>( new ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet()); RtpPacketReceived packet_copy(packet); packet_copy.ZeroMutableExtensions(); received_packet->pkt->data = packet_copy.Buffer(); } ++packet_counter_.num_packets; return received_packet; } 各行意义

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// TODO(eladalon): Consider using packet.recovered() to avoid processing // recovered packets here. std::unique_ptr<ForwardErrorCorrection::ReceivedPacket> FlexfecReceiver::AddReceivedPacket(const RtpPacketReceived& packet) { RTC_DCHECK_RUN_ON(&sequence_checker_); // RTP packets with a full base header (12 bytes), but without payload, // could conceivably be useful in the decoding. Therefore we check // with a non-strict inequality here. RTC_DCHECK_GE(packet.size(), kRtpHeaderSize); // Demultiplex based on SSRC, and insert into erasure code decoder. std::unique_ptr<ForwardErrorCorrection::ReceivedPacket> received_packet( new ForwardErrorCorrection::ReceivedPacket()); received_packet->seq_num = packet.SequenceNumber(); received_packet->ssrc = packet.Ssrc(); if (received_packet->ssrc == ssrc_) { // This is a FlexFEC packet. if (packet.payload_size() < kMinFlexfecHeaderSize) { RTC_LOG(LS_WARNING) << "Truncated FlexFEC packet, discarding."; return nullptr; } received_packet->is_fec = true; ++packet_counter_.num_fec_packets; // Insert packet payload into erasure code. received_packet->pkt = rtc::scoped_refptr<ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet>( new ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet()); received_packet->pkt->data = packet.Buffer().Slice(packet.headers_size(), packet.payload_size()); } else { // This is a media packet, or a FlexFEC packet belonging to some // other FlexFEC stream. if (received_packet->ssrc != protected_media_ssrc_) { return nullptr; } received_packet->is_fec = false; // Insert entire packet into erasure code. // Create a copy and fill with zeros all mutable extensions. received_packet->pkt = rtc::scoped_refptr<ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet>( new ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet()); RtpPacketReceived packet_copy(packet); packet_copy.ZeroMutableExtensions(); received_packet->pkt->data = packet_copy.Buffer(); } ++packet_counter_.num_packets; return received_packet; }

2023-07-22 上传