Windows Internals Part2: Sixth Edition by Mark Russinovich, David Solomon, Alex Ionescu

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"《Windows Internals 6 Part2》是第六版的一本关于Windows操作系统内核的权威技术书籍，由Mark Russinovich、David A. Solomon和Alex Ionescu合著，由Microsoft Press出版。本书深入探讨了Windows操作系统的核心机制和技术细节。" 《Windows Internals》第六版的第二部分主要涵盖了以下核心知识点： 1. **系统架构**：这部分介绍了Windows操作系统的整体架构，包括硬件抽象层（HAL）、内核模式组件以及用户模式组件。读者将了解到系统如何管理和调度进程，以及如何处理内存管理。 2. **进程与线程**：详细讲解了进程的创建、调度和销毁过程，线程的生命周期以及线程同步机制，如临界区、事件、信号量和互斥量等。 3. **内存管理**：涵盖了物理内存、虚拟内存的管理，包括分页机制、内存分配策略、内存保护和页面文件的使用。 4. **文件系统**：深入解析了NTFS、FAT等文件系统的内部运作，包括文件的创建、打开、读写和删除操作，以及文件元数据的管理。 5. **安全性与访问控制**：讨论了Windows的安全模型，包括用户账户、权限、访问控制列表（ACLs）以及安全标识符（SIDs）的工作原理。 6. **网络基础**：解释了Windows操作系统的网络堆栈，包括TCP/IP协议、套接字接口以及网络驱动程序接口（NDIS）。 7. **设备驱动程序**：阐述了驱动程序的分类、编写和调试，包括内核模式和用户模式驱动，以及即插即用和电源管理。 8. **系统服务**：分析了系统服务的启动、运行和服务控制管理器（SCM）的角色，以及服务如何与系统其他部分交互。 9. **系统调试**：介绍了Windows调试工具的使用，如WinDbg，以及如何进行内核模式和用户模式的调试。 10. **性能监控与优化**：讨论了性能计数器、系统监视工具和性能瓶颈分析，帮助读者理解和提升系统性能。通过阅读本书，IT专业人士可以深入了解Windows操作系统的工作原理，这对于系统管理员、软件开发者、安全专家以及任何需要对Windows有深入理解的人来说都是极其宝贵的资源。书中不仅提供了理论知识，还包含了大量的实际案例和实用技巧，帮助读者更好地应用所学知识解决实际问题。

xvi Introduction

History of the Book

This is the sixth edition of a book that was originally called Inside Windows NT

(Microsoft Press, 1992), written by Helen Custer (prior to the initial release of Microsoft

Windows NT 3.1). Inside Windows NT was the rst book ever published about Windows

NT and provided key insights into the architecture and design of the system. Inside

Windows NT, Second Edition (Microsoft Press, 1998) was written by David Solomon. It

updated the original book to cover Windows NT 4.0 and had a greatly increased level

of technical depth.

Inside Windows 2000, Third Edition (Microsoft Press, 2000) was authored by David

Solomon and Mark Russinovich. It added many new topics, such as startup and shut-

down, service internals, registry internals, le-system drivers, and networking. It also

covered kernel changes in Windows 2000, such as the Windows Driver Model (WDM),

Plug and Play, power management, Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI),

encryption, the job object, and Terminal Services. Windows Internals, Fourth Edition was

the Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 update and added more content focused

on helping IT professionals make use of their knowledge of Windows internals, such as

using key tools from Windows Sysinternals (www.microsoft.com/technet/sysinternals)

and analyzing crash dumps. Windows Internals, Fifth Edition was the update for

Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008. New content included the image loader,

user-mode debugging facility, and Hyper-V.

Sixth Edition Changes

This latest edition has been updated to cover the kernel changes made in Windows 7

and Windows Server 2008 R2. Hands-on experiments have been updated to reect

changes in tools.

Hands-on Experiments

Even without access to the Windows source code, you can glean much about Windows

internals from tools such as the kernel debugger and tools from Sysinternals and

Winsider Seminars & Solutions. When a tool can be used to expose or demonstrate

some aspect of the internal behavior of Windows, the steps for trying the tool yourself

are listed in “EXPERIMENT” boxes. These appear throughout the book, and we encour-

age you to try these as you’re reading—seeing visible proof of how Windows works

internally will make much more of an impression on you than just reading about it will.

Introduction xvii

Topics Not Covered

Windows is a large and complex operating system. This book doesn’t cover everything

relevant to Windows internals but instead focuses on the base system components. For

example, this book doesn’t describe COM+, the Windows distributed object-oriented

programming infrastructure, or the Microsoft .NET Framework, the foundation of man-

aged code applications.

Because this is an internals book and not a user, programming, or system administra-

tion book, it doesn’t describe how to use, program, or congure Windows.

A Warning and a Caveat

Because this book describes undocumented behavior of the internal architecture and

the operation of the Windows operating system (such as internal kernel structures and

functions), this content is subject to change between releases. (External interfaces, such

as the Windows API, are not subject to incompatible changes.)

By “subject to change,” we don’t necessarily mean that details described in this book

will change between releases, but you can’t count on them not changing. Any soft-

ware that uses these undocumented interfaces might not work on future releases of

Windows. Even worse, software that runs in kernel mode (such as device drivers) and

uses these undocumented interfaces might experience a system crash when running on

a newer release of Windows.

Acknowledgments

First, thanks to Jamie Hanrahan and Brian Catlin of Azius, LLC for joining us on this

project—the book would not have been nished without their help. They did the bulk

of the updates on the “Security” and “Networking” chapters and contributed to the

update of the “Management Mechanisms” and “Processes and Threads” chapters. Azius

provides Windows-internals and device-driver training. See www.azius.com for more

information.

We want to recognize Alex Ionescu, who for this edition is a full coauthor. This is a

reection of Alex’s extensive work on the fth edition, as well as his continuing work on

this edition.

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