构建现代多线程与网络对象设计模式详解

需积分: 9 119 浏览量更新于2024-07-31 收藏 3.71MB PDF 举报

《面向并发和网络对象的模式：软件架构模式》是Douglas Schmidt、Michael Stal、Hans Rohnert和Frank Buschmann合著的一本书，由John Wiley & Sons于2000年出版。该书的ISBN号码是0471606952，共633页，专注于探讨在构建现代面向对象的中间件系统时必不可少的17个关键设计模式。这本书的目标读者是对并发和网络编程感兴趣的专业人士，特别是那些寻求在分布式系统设计中应用模式来提高效率和可维护性的开发者。本书分为多个章节，深入研究了与并发和网络相关的各种设计原则： 1. **并发和网络对象** - 第一章概述了并发和网络编程的基本概念，介绍了如何将这些特性融入到面向对象的设计中。 2. **服务访问和配置模式** - 第二章关注如何设计和实现能够高效地访问网络服务，并能适应不同环境配置的模式。 3. **事件处理模式** - 在第三章中，作者详细讨论了如何处理异步事件和消息传递，以支持实时响应和事件驱动的系统架构。 4. **同步模式** - 第四章涉及如何确保并发环境中的数据一致性，包括锁、信号量、条件变量等同步工具的使用。 5. **并发模式** - 本书的核心部分，第五章提供了针对多线程、分布式计算和并发控制的高级设计模式，如生产者-消费者模型、主备复制等。 6. **编织模式** - 第六章展示了如何将前面讨论的模式整合在一起，形成一个协调和可扩展的系统结构。 7. **模式的历史、现状与未来** - 第七章回顾了模式的概念发展史，并展望其在不断演进的技术背景下的发展趋势。 8. **结论性意见** - 最后，第八章总结了全书的主要发现，强调了模式在并发和网络编程中的价值，并对未来的研究方向提出建议。书中还包含词汇表、符号说明、参考文献和索引，便于读者查阅和深入理解。《面向并发和网络对象的模式：软件架构模式》对于任何寻求优化分布式应用性能和可靠性的软件工程师来说，都是一本极具参考价值的著作。通过学习和应用这些模式，开发者可以提升系统的并发处理能力和网络交互效率。

We are also grateful for the support from colleagues and sponsors of our research on

patterns and the ACE and TAO middleware frameworks, notably the contributions of Ron

Akers (Motorola), Al Aho (Lucent), Steve Bachinsky (SAIC), Detlef Becker (Siemens), Jim

Blaine (Washington University), John Buttitto (Motorola), Becky Callison (Boeing), Wei

Chiang (Nokia), Russ Claus (NASA), Joe Cross (Lockheed Martin), Bryan Doerr (Boeing),

Karlheinz Dorn (Siemens), Sylvester Fernandez (Lockheed Martin), Andreas Geisler

(Siemens), Helen Gill (DARPA), Trey Grubbs (Raytheon), Jody Hagins (ATD), Andy Harvey

(Cisco), Thomas Heimke (Siemens), Kalai Kalaichelvan (Nortel), Arvind Kaushal (Motorola),

Steve Kay (Tellabs), Chandra Kintala (Lucent), Gary Koob (DARPA), Sean Landis

(Motorola), Rick Lett (Sprint), Joe Loyall (BBN), Mike Masters (NSWC), Ed Mays (US Marine

Corps), John Mellby (Raytheon), Dave Meyer (Virtual Technology), Eileen Miller (Lucent),

Stan Moyer (Telcordia), Russ Noseworthy (Object Sciences), Guru Parulkar (Cisco), Dan

Paulish (Siemens), James Plamondon (Microsoft), Dieter Quehl (Siemens), Lucie Robillard

(US Air Force), Allyn Romanow (Cisco), Rick Schantz (BBN), Steve Shaffer (Kodak), Dave

Sharp (Boeing), Naval Sodha (Ericsson), Brian Stacey (Nortel), Paul Stephenson (Ericsson),

Umar Syyid (Hughes), Dave Thomas (OTI), Lothar Werzinger (Krones), Shalini Yajnik

(Lucent), and Tom Ziomek (Motorola).

Very special thanks go to Steve Rickaby, our copy editor, for enhancing our written material.

In addition, we thank our editor, Gaynor Redvers-Mutton, and everyone else at John Wiley &

Sons who made it possible to publish this book. This is the second book fostered by Gaynor

and Steve. Their support has been superb and we look forward to working with them on

forthcoming POSA volumes.

Finally, we would like to express our deepest gratitude to the late Richard Stevens, whose

seminal books inspired us to explore the wonders of network programming so many years

ago. His spirit pervades this book.

Guide to the Reader

"Cheshire-Puss will you tell me, please, which way I ought to go from here?"

"That depends a good deal on where you want to get to," said the Cat.

"I don't much care where—," said Alice.

"Then it doesn't matter which way you go," said that cat.

"—so long as I get somewhere" Alice added as an explanation.

"Oh, you're sure to do that," said the Cat, "if you only walk long enough."

Louis Carroll, "Alice in Wonderland"

This book is structured so you can read it cover-to-cover. If you know where you want to get

to, however, you may want to choose your own route through the book. In this case, the

following hints can help you decide which topics to focus upon and the order in which to read

them.

Introduction to Patterns

If this book is your initial exposure to patterns, we suggest you first read the introduction to

patterns in [POSA1] and [GoF95], which explore the concepts and terminology related to

patterns for software architectures and designs. In particular, all the patterns presented in

this book build upon the conceptual foundation for patterns specified in [POSA1]:

§ The definition of patterns for software architectures

§ The categorization of these patterns into architectural patterns, design patterns, and

idioms

[1]

and

§ The pattern description format

Moreover, the implementations of many patterns in this book are enhanced by using

patterns from [POSA1] and [GoF95]. To guide the application of the patterns in production

software development projects we therefore suggest you keep all three books handy.

[1]

See the Glossary for a definition of these pattern categories.

Structure and Content

The first chapter in this book, Concurrent and Networked Objects, describes the key

challenges of designing concurrent and networked systems. It also outlines the scope and

context for the patterns we present. Finally, it presents a case study that applies eight

patterns in this book to develop a concurrent Web server.

Sixteen pattern descriptions and one idiom form the main part of this book. We group them

into four chapters, corresponding to key problem areas—service access and configuration,

event handling, synchronization and concurrency—in the development of concurrent and

networked middleware and applications. The order in which you read this material is up to

you. One approach is to read important core patterns first:

§ The Wrapper Facade design pattern (47)

[2]

§ The Reactor architectural pattern (179)

§ The Acceptor-Connector design pattern (285)

§ The Active Object design pattern (369)

The other twelve patterns and one idiom in the book are arranged to minimize forward

references. You can read them in any order of course, and we provide page numbers for

following references to other patterns within the book. This material completes and

complements the concepts defined by the four patterns listed above and covers a range of

issues relevant to designing and implementing concurrent and networked objects effectively.

You can also use this book to find solutions to problems you encounter in your projects. Use

the overview of our patterns in Chapter 6, Weaving the Patterns Together, to guide your

search, then locate in Chapters 2 through 5 the detailed descriptions of the patterns you

select as potential solutions.

No pattern is an island, completely separated from other patterns. Therefore, Chapter 6,

Weaving the Patterns Together, also describes how all the patterns in this book can be

woven together to form a pattern language for building networked applications and

middleware. If you want an overall perspective of the patterns in this book before delving into

the individual patterns, we recommend you skim the pattern language presentation in

Chapter 6 before reading the patterns in Chapters 2 through 5 in depth.

Chapter 7, The Past, Present, and Future of Patterns and Chapter 8, Concluding Remarks

complete the main content of this book. The remainder of the book consists of a glossary of

technical terms, an overview of the notations used in the figures, references to related work,

and an index of patterns, topics, and names.

[2]

We adopt the page number notation introduced by [GoF95]. (47) means that the

corresponding pattern description starts on page 47.

Pattern Form

All patterns presented in this book are self-contained, following the [POSA1] pattern form.

This form allows us to present both the essence and the key details of a pattern. Our goal is

to serve readers who simply want an overview of the pattern's fundamental ideas, as well as

those who want to know how the patterns work in depth.

Each section in our pattern form sets the stage for the subsequent section. For instance, the

Example section introduces the Context, Problem, and Solution sections, which summarize

a pattern's essence. The Solution section foreshadows the Structure and Dynamics section,

which then present more detailed information about how a pattern works, preparing readers

for the Implementation section.

The Example Resolved, Variants, Known Uses, Consequences and See Also sections

complete each pattern description. We include extensive cross-references to help you to

understand the relationships between the patterns in this book and other published patterns.

To anchor the presentation of a pattern's implementation activities to production software

systems, much of the sample code is influenced by components provided in the ACE

framework [Sch97]. If you first want to get an overview of all the patterns you may therefore

want to skip over the Implementation sections on your initial pass through the book and

come back to them when you need to know a particular pattern's implementation details.

Although the pattern form we use in this book incurs some repetition within the pattern

descriptions, we have found that this repetition helps readers navigate through the

descriptions more effectively by minimizing 'back-tracking'.

Chapter 1: Concurrent and Networked Objects

Overview

"With the exception of music, we have been trained to think of patterns as

fixed affairs. It's easier and lazier that way, but, of course, all nonsense. The

right way to begin to think of the pattern which connects is to think of a

dance of interacting parts, pegged down by various sorts of limits."

Gregory Bateson — Cultural Anthropologist

This chapter introduces topics related to concurrent and networked objects. We first motivate

the need for advanced software development techniques in this area. Next, we present an

overview of key design challenges faced by developers of concurrent and networked object-

oriented applications and middleware. To illustrate how patterns can be applied to resolve

these problems, we examine a case study of an object-oriented framework and a high-

performance Web server implemented using this framework. In the case study we focus on

key patterns presented in this book that help to simplify four important aspects of concurrent

and networked applications:

§ Service access and configuration

§ Event handling

§ Synchronization and

§ Concurrency

1.1 Motivation

During the past decade advances in VLSI technology and fiber-optics have increased

computer processing power by 3–4 orders of magnitude and network link speeds by 6–7

orders of magnitude. Assuming that these trends continue, by the end of this decade

§ Desktop computer clock speeds will run at ~100 Gigahertz

§ Local area network link speeds will run at ~100 Gigabits/second

§ Wireless link speeds will run at ~100 Megabits/second and

§ The Internet backbone link speeds will run at ~10 Terabits/second

Moreover, there will be billions of interactive and embedded computing and communication

devices in operation throughout the world. These powerful computers and networks will be

available largely at commodity prices, built mostly with robust common-off-the-shelf (COTS)

components, and will inter-operate over an increasingly convergent and pervasive Internet

infrastructure.

To maximize the benefit from these advances in hardware technology, the quality and

productivity of technologies for developing concurrent and networked middleware and

application software must also increase. Historically, hardware has tended to become

smaller, faster, and more reliable. It has also become cheaper and more predictable to

develop and innovate, as evidenced by 'Moore's Law'. In contrast, concurrent and networked

software has often grown larger, slower, and more error-prone. It has also become very

expensive and time-consuming to develop, validate, maintain, and enhance.

Although hardware improvements have alleviated the need for some low-level software

optimizations, the lifecycle cost [Boe81] and effort required to develop software—particularly

mission-critical concurrent and networked applications—continues to rise. The disparity

between the rapid rate of hardware advances versus the slower software progress stems

from a number of factors, including:

剩余481页未读，继续阅读

winkenjiang

粉丝: 1
资源: 1

构建现代多线程与网络对象设计模式详解

Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture, Patterns for Concurrent and Networked Objects, Volume 2

面向模式的软件体系结构(1-5卷)

wsl opensuse patterns-wsl-systemd

嵌入式设计模式有推荐的书籍吗

head first design patterns-深入浅出设计模式.pdf

libqt5xmlpatterns5-dev qtbase5-dev qt5-default是什么意思

TAR: SQL Guided Pre-Training for Context-dependent Text-to-SQL Parsing

github c语言项目

最新资源