深入浅出Python核心编程：第三版

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"Python核心编程第三版是一本深入且全面介绍Python编程的书籍，适合课堂教学和自我学习。作者Wesley Chun在第二版中就已经获得了读者的高度评价，新版本更加强化了深度和广度的覆盖，提供了丰富的实例和历史参考，使读者能够更好地理解和实践Python编程。该书被Alex Martelli、David Mertz等知名Python专家推荐，被认为是学习Python的最佳选择之一，超越了其他同类教材。" 在这本《Python核心编程第三版》中，读者可以期待涵盖以下几个关键知识点： 1. **Python基础语法**：书籍会详细介绍Python的基本语法结构，包括变量、数据类型（如整型、浮点型、字符串、列表、元组、字典）、控制流（if语句、循环、异常处理）以及函数的使用。 2. **面向对象编程**：作为Python的核心特性，书中会深入讲解类与对象的概念，继承、多态、封装等面向对象编程的关键概念。 3. **模块与包**：Python的模块化设计是其强大之处，书中会涵盖如何创建和使用模块，以及包的管理，帮助读者理解和组织代码。 4. **高级Python特性**：包括装饰器、生成器、上下文管理器等高级主题，这些都是Python高效编程的重要工具。 5. **文件操作与系统交互**：介绍如何读写文件，以及如何与操作系统进行交互，如进程控制、系统调用等。 6. **网络编程**：Python在网络编程中的应用广泛，书籍可能会讲解网络连接、套接字编程、HTTP协议等相关内容。 7. **数据库编程**：介绍如何使用Python连接和操作各种数据库，如SQLite、MySQL等，并可能涉及ORM(Object-Relational Mapping)技术。 8. **Web开发**：Python在Web开发领域有强大的框架，如Django和Flask，书中可能涵盖这些框架的基础知识。 9. **单元测试与调试**：良好的测试习惯是编程中必不可少的，书籍会讲解如何使用Python的unittest模块进行测试，以及调试技巧。 10. **错误与异常处理**：介绍如何有效地处理程序中的错误和异常，提高代码的健壮性。 11. **Python标准库和第三方库**：Python的丰富库是其魅力所在，书中会介绍一些常用库的使用方法，如Numpy、Pandas等数据分析库，以及Matplotlib等可视化工具。通过《Python核心编程第三版》，无论是初学者还是有一定经验的开发者，都能从中受益，提升自己的Python编程技能。这本书以简洁易懂的方式呈现复杂概念，同时包含的历史参考使得学习过程更具趣味性。结合书中提供的练习和实例，读者可以边学边练，巩固所学知识，成为Python编程的高手。

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PREFACE

Welcome to the Third Edition of Core Python

Applications Programming!

We are delighted that you have engaged us to help you learn Python as

quickly and as deeply as possible. The goal of the Core Python series of

books is not to just teach developers the Python language; we want you

you to develop enough of a personal knowledge base to be able to develop

software in any application area.

In our other Core Python offerings, Core Python Programming and Core

Python Language Fundamentals, we not only teach you the syntax of the

Python language, but we also strive to give you in-depth knowledge of

how Python works under the hood. We believe that armed with this

knowledge, you will write more effective Python applications, whether

you’re a beginner to the language or a journeyman (or journeywoman!).

Upon completion of either or any other introductory Python books, you

might be satisfied that you have learned Python and learned it well. By

completing many of the exercises, you’re probably even fairly confident in

your newfound Python coding skills. Still, you might be left wondering,

“Now what? What kinds of applications can I build with Python?” Per-

haps you learned Python for a work project that’s constrained to a very

narrow focus. “What else can I build with Python?”

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xvi Preface

About this Book

In Core Python Applications Programming, you will take all the Python

knowledge gained elsewhere and develop new skills, building up a toolset

with which you’ll be able to use Python for a variety of general applica-

tions. These advanced topics chapters are meant as intros or “quick dives”

into a variety of distinct subjects. If you’re moving toward the specific

areas of application development covered by any of these chapters, you’ll

likely discover that they contain more than enough information to get you

pointed in the right direction. Do not expect an in-depth treatment because

that will detract from the breadth-oriented treatment that this book is

designed to convey.

Like all other Core Python books, throughout this one, you will find

many examples that you can try right in front of your computer. To ham-

mer the concepts home, you will also find fun and challenging exercises at

the end of every chapter. These easy and intermediate exercises are meant

to test your learning and push your Python skills. There simply is no sub-

stitute for hands-on experience. We believe you should not only pick up

Python programming skills but also be able to master them in as short a

time period as possible.

Because the best way for you to extend your Python skills is through

practice, you will find these exercises to be one of the greatest strengths of

this book. They will test your knowledge of chapter topics and definitions

as well as motivate you to code as much as possible. There is no substitute

for improving your skills more effectively than by building applications.

You will find easy, intermediate, and difficult problems to solve. It is also

here that you might need to write one of those “large” applications that

many readers wanted to see in the book, but rather than scripting

them—which frankly doesn’t do you all that much good—you gain by

jumping right in and doing it yourself. Appendix A, “Answers to Selected

Exercises,” features answers to selected problems from each chapter. As

with the second edition, you’ll find useful reference tables collated in

Appendix B, “Reference Tables.”

I’d like to personally thank all readers for your feedback and encourage-

ment. You’re the reason why I go through the effort of writing these books.

I encourage you to keep sending your feedback and help us make a fourth

edition possible, and even better than its predecessors!

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xviii Preface

The Author and Python

I discovered Python over a decade ago at a company called Four11. At the

time, the company had one major product, the Four11.com White Page

directory service. Python was being used to design its next product: the

Rocketmail Web-based e-mail service that would eventually evolve into

what today is Yahoo! Mail.

It was fun learning Python and being on the original Yahoo! Mail engi-

neering team. I helped re-design the address book and spell checker. At

the time, Python also became part of a number of other Yahoo! sites,

including People Search, Yellow Pages, and Maps and Driving Directions,

just to name a few. In fact, I was the lead engineer for People Search.

Although Python was new to me then, it was fairly easy to pick

up—much simpler than other languages I had learned in the past. The

scarcity of textbooks at the time led me to use the Library Reference and

Quick Reference Guide as my primary learning tools; it was also a driving

motivation for the book you are reading right now.

Since my days at Yahoo!, I have been able to use Python in all sorts of

interesting ways at the jobs that followed. In each case, I was able to har-

ness the power of Python to solve the problems at hand, in a timely man-

ner. I have also developed several Python courses and have used this book

to teach those classes—truly eating my own dogfood.

Not only are the Core Python books great learning devices, but they’re

also among the best tools with which to teach Python. As an engineer, I

know what it takes to learn, understand, and apply a new technology. As a

professional instructor, I also know what is needed to deliver the most effective

sessions for clients. These books provide the experience necessary to be able

to give you real-world analogies and tips that you cannot get from some-

one who is “just a trainer” or “just a book author.”

What to Expect of the Writing Style:

Technical, Yet Easy Readi n g

Rather than being strictly a “beginners” book or a pure, hard-core com-

puter science reference book, my instructional experience has taught me

that an easy-to-read, yet technically oriented book serves the purpose the

best, which is to get you up to speed on Python as quickly as possible so

that you can apply it to your tasks posthaste. We will introduce concepts

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Preface xix

coupled with appropriate examples to expedite the learning process. At the

end of each chapter you will find numerous exercises to reinforce some of

the concepts and ideas acquired in your reading.

We are thrilled and humbled to be compared with Bruce Eckel’s writing

style (see the reviews to the first edition at the book’s Web site, http://

corepython.com). This is not a dry college textbook. Our goal is to have a

conversation with you, as if you were attending one of my well-received

Python training courses. As a lifelong student, I constantly put myself in

my student’s shoes and tell you what you need to hear in order to learn

the concepts as quickly and as thoroughly as possible. You will find read-

ing this book fast and easy, without losing sight of the technical details.

As an engineer, I know what I need to tell you in order to teach you a

concept in Python. As a teacher, I can take technical details and boil them

down into language that is easy to understand and grasp right away. You

are getting the best of both worlds with my writing and teaching styles,

but you will enjoy programming in Python even more.

Thus, you’ll notice that even though I’m the sole author, I use the “third-

person plural” writing structure; that is to say, I use verbiage such as “we”

and “us” and “our,” because in the grand scheme of this book, we’re all in

this together, working toward the goal of expanding the Python program-

ming universe.

About This Third Edition

At the time the first edition of this book was published, Python was enter-

ing its second era with the release of version 2.0. Since then, the language

has undergone significant improvements that have contributed to the

overall continued success, acceptance, and growth in the use of the lan-

guage. Deficiencies have been removed and new features added that bring

a new level of power and sophistication to Python developers worldwide.

The second edition of the book came out in 2006, at the height of Python’s

ascendance, during the time of its most popular release to date, 2.5.

The second edition was released to rave reviews and ended up outsell-

ing the first edition. Python itself had won numerous accolades since that

time as well, including the following:

• Tiobe (www.tiobe.com)

– Language of the Year (2007, 2010)

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