使用PHP和Ajax构建Google Maps应用指南

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" Beginning Google Maps Applications with PHP and Ajax .pdf 是一本关于使用PHP和Ajax构建基于Web的谷歌地图应用的入门指南。由Michael Purvis、Jeffrey Sambells和Cameron Turner撰写，这本书深入介绍了如何利用Google Maps API Version 2创建出色的地图应用，包括使用Google的地理编码服务。" 在本书中，作者们旨在帮助初学者到专业人士逐步掌握构建谷歌地图应用的技术。通过结合PHP的服务器端处理能力和Ajax的异步交互，读者可以学习到如何在网页上实现动态和交互式的地图功能。主要内容可能包括以下知识点： 1. **Google Maps API基础**：介绍API的基本概念，如何获取API密钥，以及如何在网页中嵌入地图。 2. **地图操作**：讲解如何创建、定位和调整地图的大小，添加标记（markers）以及设置不同的地图样式和视图。 3. **Ajax技术**：解释Ajax的工作原理，如何使用JavaScript库（如jQuery）进行Ajax请求，以及如何在不刷新页面的情况下更新地图内容。 4. **Geocoding服务**：详细阐述如何使用Google的地理编码API将地址转换为经纬度坐标，反之亦然，这对于地图应用中的定位至关重要。 5. **事件监听与交互**：介绍如何监听用户与地图的交互，如点击、拖动等，以及如何响应这些事件添加自定义功能。 6. **覆盖物（Overlays）**：包括如何添加信息窗口（InfoWindows）、多边形、路径等，增强地图的可视化效果。 7. **服务端集成**：探讨如何使用PHP处理地图数据，例如存储和检索标记位置，或者根据用户输入动态生成地图内容。 8. **性能优化**：提供最佳实践，如缓存策略，以提高地图应用的加载速度和用户体验。 9. **安全性与授权**：讨论如何确保应用的安全，避免API滥用，并遵循Google的使用条款。 10. **实战项目**：可能包含实际的案例研究或项目，让读者有机会将所学应用于实践中。通过这本资源，读者不仅可以了解到Google Maps API的基础知识，还能学习到如何结合PHP和Ajax开发复杂的地图应用程序。这本书对于那些希望在网站上集成地图功能，或是想要提升现有地图应用的开发者来说是一份宝贵的参考资料。

Foreword

In the Beginning. . .

In the history of the Internet, 2005–2006 will be remembered as the year when online mapping

finally came of age. Prior to 2005, MapQuest and other mapping services allowed you to look

up directions, search for locations, and map businesses, but these searches were limited, usu-

ally to the companies the services had partnered with, so you couldn’t search for any location.

On February 8, 2005, Google changed all that. As it does with many of its services, Google qui-

etly released the beta of Google Maps to its Labs incubator (http://labs.google.com) and let

word-of-mouth marketing promote the new service.

By all accounts, Google Maps was an instant hit. It was the first free mapping service to

provide satellite map views of any location on the earth, allowing anyone to look for familiar

places. This started the “I can see my house from here” trend, and set the blogosphere abuzz

with links to Google Maps locations around the world.

Like other mapping services, Google Maps offered directions, city and town mapping,

and local business searches. However, what the Google Maps engineers buried within its

code was something that quickly set it apart from the rest. Although unannounced and pos-

sibly unplanned, they provided the means to manipulate the code of Google Maps to plot

your own locations. Moreover, you could combine this base mapping technology with an

external data source to instantly map many location-based points of information. And all of

this could be done on privately owned domains, seemingly independent of Google itself.

At first, mapping “hackers” unlocked this functionality, just as video gamers hack into

games by entering simple cheat codes. They created their own mapping services using Google

Maps and other sources. One of the first these was Housingmaps.com, which combined the

craigslist.org housing listings with a searchable Google Maps interface. Next came Adrian

Holovaty’s chicagocrime.org, which offered a compelling way to view crime data logged by the

Chicago Police Department. These home-brewed mapping applications were dubbed “hacks,”

since Google had not sanctioned the use of its code in external domains on the Web.

The major change came in June 2005, when Google officially introduced the Google Maps

API, which is the foundation for this book. By releasing this API, Google allowed programmers

the opportunity to build an endless array of applications on top of Google Maps. Hundreds of

API keys were registered immediately after the announcement, and many sites integrating

Google Maps appeared within days. The map mashup was born.

The Birth of the Google Maps Mania Blog

The Google Maps labs beta site had been public for barely a month when I tried it for the first

time. I was fascinated. While combing through the blogosphere looking for more information,

I started to see a trend toward Google Maps hacks, how-to sites, Firefox extensions, and web-

sites indexing specific satellite images. I thought that others could benefit from an aggregation

of all of these ideas into one themed blog. Thus, my Google Maps Mania blog was born.

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Google Maps Mania is more accurately described as a “meta-site,” as host Leo Laporte pointed

out when I was a guest on his NPR G4techTV radio show in November 2005.

April 13, 2005, saw these as my first posts:

Title: Google Maps Mania

If you’re like me you were absolutely floored when Google came out with the Google

Maps service. Sure, it’s just another mapping service. Until you realize it’s full potential.

The ability to toggle between regular street/road maps and a satellite view is unreal. I’ve

started to see a lot of buzz around the blogging community about Google Maps so I’ve

decided to help you keep up with the Google Maps related sites, blogs and tools that are

cropping up. Stay tuned.

Title: Google Sightseeing

The first Google Maps related site of note is Google Sightseeing. This blog tracks interest-

ing satellite shots as submitted by its visitors, then organizes them by interest area like

buildings, natural landmarks and stadiums. It’s a pretty nifty site. Google Sightseeing even

posted my suggestion of Toronto’s Rogers Centre (Skydome) and the CN Tower!

Title: Flickr Memory Maps

Here’s a Flickr group that took off fast. Memory Maps is a Flickr group that contains maps

with captions describing memories they have of those areas or specific notes about differ-

ent areas. Kind of cool.

Title: Make your own multimedia Google map

Google Blogoscoped tipped me off on this link. Seems Engadget has a page which gives

some pretty good directions on how to create your own annotated multimedia Google

map. There is some pretty serious direction here which includes inserting pictures and

movies from the annotations. I’d like to see an example of this.

Title: My GMaps

myGmaps enables you to create, save and host custom data files and display them with

Google Maps. Create push-pin spots on any map of your choice. Mark your house, where

an event will be held, or the route of a fun-run as a few examples. Then you can publish

the map that you’ve created to your own website.

These postings represented an interesting cross-section of the ideas, concepts, and web-

sites that I had come across in the two short months since Google Maps came to the Web. In

the year between the start of Google Maps Mania and the release of the second-generation API

(which this book is based on) in April 2006, I have made over 900 posts and attracted more than

6,000 daily readers to the blog, including the architects of the API itself. I’ve been Slashdotted,

Dug (at Digg), and linked to from the New York Times site, as well as the sites of hundreds of

other mainstream papers and magazines. In June 2006, Google arranged for my entire family to

travel across the country so I could speak at the Google Geo Developer Day in advance of the

Where 2.0 conference.

■FOREWORDxvi

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About the Authors

■MICHAEL PURVIS is a Mechatronics Engineering student at the

University of Waterloo, in Ontario. He is a mostly self-taught pro-

grammer. Prior to discovering PHP, he was busy making a LEGO®

Mindstorms kit play Connect 4. Currently, he maintains an active

community site for classmates, built mostly from home-brewed

extensions to PunBB and MediaWiki.

He has written about CSS for Position Is Everything, and occa-

sionally participates in the css-discuss mailing list. He particularly

enjoys those clever layouts that mix negative margins, relative posi-

tioning, and bizarre float tricks to create fiendish, cross-browser,

flexible-width concoctions. These and other nontechnical topics

are discussed on his weblog at uwmike.com.

Offline, he enjoys cooking, cycling, and social dancing. He has worked with We-Create, Inc.

on a number of PHP-based projects, and has a strong interest in independent web standards.

■JEFFREY SAMBELLS is a graphic designer and self-taught web appli-

cations developer best known for his unique ability to merge the

visual world of graphics with the mental realm of code. With a

Bachelor of Technology degree in Graphic Communications Man-

agement along with a minor in Multimedia, Jeffrey was originally

trained for the traditional paper-and-ink printing industry, but he

soon realized the world of pixels and code was where his ideas

would prosper. In late 1999, he cofounded We-Create, Inc., an Inter-

net software company based in Waterloo, Ontario, which began

many long nights of challenging and creative innovation. Currently,

as Director of Research and Development for We-Create, Jeffrey is

responsible for investigating new and emerging Internet technologies and integrating them using

web standards-compliant methods. In late 2005, he also became a Zend Certified Engineer.

When not playing at the office, Jeffrey enjoys a variety of hobbies from photography to

woodworking. When the opportunity arises, he also enjoys floating in a canoe on the lakes of

Algonquin Provincial Park or going on an adventurous, map-free, drive with his wife. Jeffrey

also maintains a personal website at JeffreySambells.com, where he shares thoughts, ideas,

and opinions about web technologies, photography, design, and more. He lives in Ontario,

Canada, eh, with his wife, Stephanie, and their little dog, Milo.

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