权威进阶指南：HTML&CSS实战提升与网页结构优化

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本篇"HTML CSS 进阶教程"是O'Reilly出版社推出的一本权威指南，专为希望进一步提升网页开发技能的专业人士设计。该教程旨在帮助读者深入理解HTML5和CSS的核心原理，以及它们在网页构建中的交互作用。作者凭借百科全书般的知识，将那些看似复杂的概念以易于接受的方式呈现，同时融入了幽默、智慧和自信的笔触。《Praise for HTML & CSS: The Good Parts》一书中的评论高度赞扬了这本书的价值。Ethan Marcotte，知名著作《Designing with Web Standards, Third Edition》的合著者，提到这本书对于web开发者和设计师来说至关重要，因为它能帮助他们提升对HTML和CSS的深厚理解，区分平庸与卓越的差异。书中强调了结构化页面、网站和整合内容的重要性，这些内容对于网站维护、用户体验和搜索引擎优化(SEO)都至关重要。通过深入学习本书，读者将学会如何有效地组织HTML元素，掌握CSS的选择器、布局和样式规则，以及如何确保代码的可读性和可维护性。此外，书中还会探讨响应式设计、语义化标记和浏览器兼容性等问题，这些都是现代前端开发不可或缺的技能。对于想要在网页设计和开发领域更上一层楼的专业人员，这本进阶教程提供了丰富的实践指导和理论支持，是提升专业水平和竞争力的宝贵资源。无论是初级开发者还是经验丰富的老手，都能从中受益匪浅，从而更好地应对日益变化的Web技术环境。

The font-variant and text-transform Properties 235

The letter-spacing and word-spacing Properties 236

The white-space Property 236

The Practice of Good Web Typography 236

13. Clean and Accessible Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

Building Effective Forms 237

Web Applications, User Perspective, and Design Choices 237

Organizing User Interfaces by Function 238

Ten Rules for Effective Web Forms and Applications 239

Assessment and Structure 241

Establishing Requirements 241

Markup and Structure 243

Basic Form Structure, Presentation, and Behavior 246

Form-Originated get Requests 247

The post Method and File Uploads 249

Manipulating the Size and Appearance of Individual Controls 249

Prototyping and Layout 251

Prototyping 101 251

Design Patterns, Style Resets, and Form Layout 252

Grouping Controls by Appearance 254

Required Fields and Other Submission Constraints 255

Identifying Required Fields 255

Discovering and Identifying User Input Errors 256

The disabled and readonly Attributes 257

Creating Accessible Forms 258

Implementing Forms for Accessibility 259

Supporting Keyboard Navigation of Forms 260

Form Features in HTML5 261

New Input Types 262

The required Attribute 262

14. The Bad Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

The Numbing Nature of Internet Explorer (Especially IE 6) 265

Browser Wars 2.0 266

Absent or Poor Selector Support 267

hasLayout 268

Margin Doubling 268

expression() Values 269

ActiveX Filters and Transitions 269

PNG Support (or Lack Thereof) 270

Poor Property Support 270

Issues with XHTML and XML 271

xiv | Table of Contents

www.it-ebooks.info

This book attempts to cater to that sentiment. All of the exposition—which I do invite

the reader to tackle—is tucked away into Chapters 2 and 3, available for a quick “re-

wind” if you realize that you might have missed something.

The nonexpository parts are about making cool stuff happen: nailing down faithfulness

to composites, getting the upper hand over bugs, building template markup that can

survive redesigns, and manifold other topics.

What You Should Know Before You Read This Book

This book makes one basic assumption: that you’re familiar with the scope of HTML

4.01 elements, CSS selectors, and CSS property/value pairs. The companion website

for this book includes reference tables that link to exhaustive descriptions of HTML

and CSS on third-party sites, but it will be far easier to follow along if you’re already

familiar with the capabilities of HTML and CSS.

In addition, this book will be easier to digest if you’ve gained an understanding of the

separation of behavior, presentation, content, and structure into separate layers within

a site or application.

If you feel uneasy about any of this, O’Reilly’s Definitive Guides and Pocket Referen-

ces for HTML and CSS come highly recommended.

For the benefit of readers who may have overestimated their knowledge, the basics of

page, stylesheet, and element structure are covered as briefly as possible.

The Ideal Reader

You might be an ideal reader of this book if:

• You’re confident when the time comes to start building the server side of an ap-

plication, but redesigns get on your nerves because you’re forced to dive back into

the code and revise the bits of markup that are interspersed within it. The most

effective solution to this problem is called the “CSS Zen” technique, exemplified

by Dave Shea’s CSS Zen Garden. This book explains CSS Zen—structuring pro-

duction of markup so that redesign efforts can be confined to stylesheets—from a

perspective suited to engineers.

• You’re skilled at the use of a web-centric Integrated Development Environment

(IDE) such as Adobe Dreamweaver or Microsoft Visual Studio, but your expecta-

tions routinely collide with its limitations. Left unattended, an IDE typically inserts

all manner of cruft (i.e., “excess; superfluous junk”) into web materials, egregiously

violating the KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid) Principle. This occurs because IDEs are

one-size-fits-all solutions. This book explains HTML and CSS in enough detail that

you can start configuring your tools of choice to handle the specific cases you work

with every day.

xviii | Preface

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权威进阶指南：HTML&CSS实战提升与网页结构优化

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