CHAPTER 1 ■ INTRODUCTION TO ANGULAR MATERIAL
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Single Page Application (SPA) : Many applications tend to be developed as SPAs.
With this approach, the whole page does not always have to reload. Rather, it dynamically
gets content for sections of the page and renders the UI. This helps improve page
performance and avoid unnecessary network calls and browser activity. In addition, the
user does not lose context between pages.
More Power, More Responsibility
As more logic moves to the client or browser, there is a need for better processes and
quality. HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code organization needs to be better. Code reusability
is more important than ever.
Design Patterns : A pattern could be identified in a problem. For quite a long time,
web applications have had a variety of design patterns implemented. A common scenario
with web applications has been that
1 . It has multiple screens or views. They could be forms, reports,
or widgets.
2 . Data objects (also called model) in the application need to be
associated with UI controls. As user edits data in UI controls,
changes need to reflect in the object and vice versa.
3 . These changes to the data need to be persisted and
propagated to data store and other views.
4 . Application of logic, validations, and in some cases,
transformation of data to a different type of object has to
happen.
A design pattern MVC (Model-View-Controller) is apt for these problem statements
or requirements. MVC and its variants (MVVM [Model-View-View-Model] and MVP
[Model-View-Presenter]) are widely used.
I am bringing up an opinionated scenario here. However, in my experience I have
seen this happen many times.
Unit Testing : It has great influence on code quality. Teams find Test-Driven
Development (TDD) very effective. Such practices need to be applied to JavaScript code
as well.
Dependency Injection (DI) : This is important for loose coupling among artifacts.
An object not instantiating its dependencies allow caller to swap implementation. This
makes object immune to changes in dependency.
Better unit testing is a major advantage of this approach. When we unit test code,
we should focus only on the current object, not its dependencies. Unit tests should not
invoke end-to-end calls. All dependencies should be mocked or stubbed to invoke a
dummy implementation. This is made possible with DI.
Angular Material inherits goodness from these concepts as it is built using AngularJS.
These concepts are not directly related to Angular Material. Hence, we do not go into an in-
depth discussion on these topics. However, teams and individuals developing applications
using AngularJS (including Angular Material) can take advantage of the features.
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