
第 31 卷第 2 期 辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版) 2012 年 4 月
Vol.31 No.2 Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science) Apr. 2012
收稿日期:2010-12-22
基金项目:河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2011208036)
作者简介:孙占国(1961-),男,辽宁 凌源人,高级工程师,主要从事煤田地质与矿井地质方面的研究. 本文编校:焦 丽
文章编号:1008-0562(2012)02-0181-04
大采高采场上覆岩层运移规律数值模拟
孙占国
(平庄煤业集团有限责任公司,内蒙古 赤峰 024000)
摘 要:为了研究大采高采场上覆岩结构及其运移规律,给大采高工作面的高产高效开采提供理论基础, 通过
3DEC数值模拟软件,以某矿6.2 m大采高工作面岩层赋存特征为工程背景, 分别建立采高为2.2 m,3.2 m,4.2 m,
5.2 m,6.2 m时的数学模型,研究不同采高下的上覆岩层垮落规律.结果表明:采高较低时,随着采高的增加,碎
胀系数随着增加,冒落高度也随着增加,但是当采高增加到5.2 m时,随着碎胀系数的增加,冒落高度却几乎不
变.采高为2.2 m时,最大离层量为1 m,随采高的增加,离层量基本呈直线增加,当采高大于4.2 m时,离层量增
加迅速,当采高增加至6.2 m时,最大离层量可达到3.05m.随着离层量的增加,基本顶失稳时容易给支架造成冲
击性载荷,增加动载系数,影响大采高支架的纵向和横向稳定性.
关键词:大采高; 上覆岩层;3DEC; 碎胀系数;冒落高度;离层量;支架;动载系数
中图分类号:P 548 文献标志码:A
Movement law of overlying rock in large mining height face
by simulation
SUN Zhanguo
(Pingzhuang Mine group Ltd.Co., Chifeng 024000, China)
Abstract: For the mining height mining overburden structure and migration rule, for big mining height of high yield
and high efficiency mining provides theory basis, through 3 DEC numerical simulation software, to 6.2 m in sihe
coal mine large mining height the occurrence characteristics of rock engineering background, we establish mining
height of 2.2 m, 3.2 m, 4.2 m, 5.2 m, 6.2 m of the numerical model to study the different mining height on the
overlaying strata breaks down fall characteristics. The results show that mining height is low, with the increase of
mining height, the hulking coefficient increased, falling height also increased, but when mining height increases to 5.2
m, with the increase of the hulking coefficient, take down height but almost the same. Mining height of 2.2 m, the
largest amount of abscission layer 1 m, with the increase of mining height, overburden bed separation grouting
quantity basic sharply increase, when mining height more than 4.2 m, overburden bed separation grouting increased
rapidly, when mining height are increased to 6.2 m, the overburden bed separation grouting quantity achieved 3.05 m.
With the increased amount of overburden bed separation grouting, the basic roof easily when instability caused by
impact load to stents, increase the dynamic load coefficient, great influence mining height in support of longitudinal
and transverse stability.
Kye word: height mining;overburden;3DEC;hulking coefficient;falling height;size of bed separations; support;
dynamic load coefficient
0 引 言
层状岩体结构是煤系地层的重要特征,随着煤
层的采出,上覆岩层自下而上依次运动,下位岩层
呈现明显的剥离特征,由于岩层强度、分层厚度以
及层、节理发育情况不同,各岩层的运动和垮落步
距也有所不同,并且呈现出明显的成组运动特征,
某些强度较大而又相对较厚的岩层可形成结构层,
又叫作关键层,它在岩层的运动过程中起着决定性
的作用,而那些强度较低或厚度较小的岩层作为关
键层的载荷,通常将在同一组岩层中最下位岩层作
为关键层.
对于大采高开采而言,由于采高加大,采空区
空间有了较大幅度的增加,只有更高的垮落带才能
维系整个采场岩体的平衡.由于岩层顶板的分层垮
落特性,原直接顶岩层垮落后不能充满采空区时,