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SCSI指令集:SPC-4技术详解
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SCSI指令集,全称为Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) Primary Commands - 4 (SPC-4),是由T10技术委员会,一个国际计算机信息系统标准委员会(Incits)下的技术专家团队制定的内部工作文档。该文档旨在规范和扩展SCSI协议,这是用于连接计算机系统和外围设备的标准接口,如硬盘驱动器、磁带机和光盘驱动器等。
SPC-4版本在2006年10月7日发布,作为草案第7a修订版,其核心内容涉及对SCSI命令集的更新和完善,包括但不限于错误检测与恢复机制、性能增强、新的数据传输模式以及更高效的数据交换。这个版本的工作正在进行中,还未正式成为标准,因此可能包含未定稿或仍在讨论中的内容,可能有所改动。
T10技术编辑Ralph O. Weber对这份文档负责,它允许INCITS成员、其技术委员会及其关联任务组成员在标准化活动中复制此文档,但必须保持通知的完整性,商业或营利性复制则严格禁止。此外,所有权利归T10所有。
SCSI指令集对于IT专业人士来说至关重要,因为它影响着系统的可靠性和速度。了解和遵循SPC-4规范有助于确保设备间的兼容性和优化系统性能。例如,新版本可能引入了更先进的错误校验算法,提高了数据传输的准确性和可靠性;或者提供了新的命令,允许更快的I/O操作和更好的并发处理能力。
学习SPC-4不仅限于硬件开发者,还包括操作系统开发者、系统管理员和存储工程师,他们需要理解这些指令来优化系统设计、提高效率并解决潜在问题。对于存储设备制造商来说,遵循SPC-4标准是确保产品能在不同环境中稳定运行并满足性能指标的关键。
SCSI指令集(SPC-4)是一个动态的、不断演进的技术文档,反映了业界对于数据存储和传输效率的持续追求,是现代信息技术基础设施的重要组成部分。关注并理解这个标准,对于提升整个IT行业的技术水平和互操作性具有深远影响。
7 October 2006 T10/1731-D Revision 7a
Working Draft SCSI Primary Commands - 4 (SPC-4) xvi
6.27.2.4.3 Attribute certificate description ...................................................................................................... 233
6.28 SECURITY PROTOCOL OUT command............................................................................................... 234
6.29 SEND DIAGNOSTIC command ............................................................................................................. 235
6.30 SET IDENTIFYING INFORMATION command...................................................................................... 238
6.31 SET PRIORITY command...................................................................................................................... 240
6.32 SET TARGET PORT GROUPS command............................................................................................. 243
6.33 SET TIMESTAMP command.................................................................................................................. 245
6.34 TEST UNIT READY command............................................................................................................... 246
6.35 WRITE ATTRIBUTE command .............................................................................................................. 247
6.36 WRITE BUFFER command.................................................................................................................... 249
6.36.1 WRITE BUFFER command introduction ............................................................................................. 249
6.36.2 Combined header and data mode (00h).............................................................................................. 251
6.36.3 Vendor specific mode (01h)................................................................................................................. 251
6.36.4 Data mode (02h).................................................................................................................................. 251
6.36.5 Download microcode mode (04h)........................................................................................................ 251
6.36.6 Download microcode and save mode (05h) ........................................................................................ 252
6.36.7 Download microcode with offsets mode (06h)..................................................................................... 252
6.36.8 Download microcode with offsets and save mode (07h) ..................................................................... 253
6.36.9 Write data to echo buffer mode (0Ah) ................................................................................................. 254
6.36.10 Download microcode with offsets and defer activation mode (0Eh).................................................. 254
6.36.11 Activate deferred microcode mode (0Fh) .......................................................................................... 256
6.36.12 Enable expander communications protocol and Echo buffer mode (1Ah) ........................................ 256
6.36.13 Disable expander communications protocol mode (1Bh) .................................................................. 256
6.36.14 Download application log mode (1Ch)............................................................................................... 256
7 Parameters for all device types .......................................................................................................................... 260
7.1 Diagnostic parameters.............................................................................................................................. 260
7.1.1 Diagnostic page format and page codes for all device types ................................................................ 260
7.1.2 Supported diagnostic pages .................................................................................................................. 262
7.2 Log parameters ........................................................................................................................................ 263
7.2.1 Log page structure and page codes for all device types ....................................................................... 263
7.2.2 Application Client log page .................................................................................................................... 270
7.2.3 Buffer Over-Run/Under-Run log page ................................................................................................... 271
7.2.4 Error Counter log pages ........................................................................................................................ 272
7.2.5 Informational Exceptions log page ........................................................................................................ 273
7.2.6 Last n Deferred Errors or Asynchronous Events log page .................................................................... 275
7.2.7 Last n Error Events log page ................................................................................................................. 275
7.2.8 Non-Medium Error log page .................................................................................................................. 275
7.2.9 Protocol Specific Port log page ............................................................................................................. 276
7.2.10 Self-Test Results log page .................................................................................................................. 277
7.2.11 Start-Stop Cycle Counter log page...................................................................................................... 280
7.2.12 Statistics and Performance log pages ................................................................................................. 282
7.2.12.1 Statistics and Performance log pages overview............................................................................... 282
7.2.12.2 General Statistics and Performance log page .................................................................................. 283
7.2.12.3 Group Statistics and Performance (n) log page ............................................................................... 289
7.2.13 Supported Log Pages log page ........................................................................................................... 293
7.2.14 Supported Log Pages and Subpages log page................................................................................... 294
7.2.15 Supported Subpages log page ............................................................................................................ 295
7.2.16 Temperature log page ......................................................................................................................... 296
7.3 Medium auxiliary memory attributes......................................................................................................... 298
7.3.1 Attribute format ...................................................................................................................................... 298
7.3.2 Attribute identifier values ....................................................................................................................... 299
7.3.2.1 Attribute identifier values overview ..................................................................................................... 299
7.3.2.2 Device type attributes .................................................................................................
........................ 300
T10/1731-D Revision 7a 7 October 2006
xvii Working Draft SCSI Primary Commands - 4 (SPC-4)
7.3.2.3 Medium type attributes ....................................................................................................................... 306
7.3.2.4 Host type attributes............................................................................................................................. 307
7.4 Mode parameters ..................................................................................................................................... 309
7.4.1 Mode parameters overview ................................................................................................................... 309
7.4.2 Mode parameter list format.................................................................................................................... 309
7.4.3 Mode parameter header formats ........................................................................................................... 309
7.4.4 Mode parameter block descriptor formats ............................................................................................. 311
7.4.4.1 General block descriptor format ......................................................................................................... 311
7.4.5 Mode page and subpage formats and page codes ............................................................................... 312
7.4.6 Control mode page ................................................................................................................................ 314
7.4.7 Control Extension mode page ............................................................................................................... 319
7.4.8 Disconnect-Reconnect mode page ....................................................................................................... 320
7.4.9 Extended mode page ............................................................................................................................ 323
7.4.10 Extended Device-Type Specific mode page........................................................................................ 323
7.4.11 Informational Exceptions Control mode page...................................................................................... 324
7.4.12 Power Condition mode page ............................................................................................................... 327
7.4.13 Protocol Specific Logical Unit mode page ........................................................................................... 328
7.4.14 Protocol Specific Port mode page ....................................................................................................... 329
7.5 Protocol specific parameters .................................................................................................................... 331
7.5.1 Protocol specific parameters introduction.............................................................................................. 331
7.5.2 Alias entry protocol specific designations.............................................................................................. 331
7.5.2.1 Introduction to alias entry protocol specific designations ................................................................... 331
7.5.2.2 Fibre Channel specific alias entry designations ................................................................................. 332
7.5.2.2.1 Introduction to Fibre Channel specific alias entry designations....................................................... 332
7.5.2.2.2 Fibre Channel world wide port name alias entry designation .......................................................... 332
7.5.2.2.3 Fibre Channel world wide port name with N_Port checking alias entry designation ....................... 333
7.5.2.3 RDMA specific alias entry designations ............................................................................................. 333
7.5.2.3.1 Introduction to RDMA specific alias entry designations................................................................... 333
7.5.2.3.2 RDMA target port identifier alias entry designation ......................................................................... 334
7.5.2.3.3 InfiniBand global identifier with target port identifier checking alias entry designation .................... 334
7.5.2.4 Internet SCSI specific alias entry designations .................................................................................. 335
7.5.2.4.1 Introduction to Internet SCSI specific alias entry designations........................................................ 335
7.5.2.4.2 iSCSI name alias entry designation................................................................................................. 335
7.5.2.4.3 iSCSI name with binary IPv4 address alias entry designation ........................................................ 336
7.5.2.4.4 iSCSI name with IPname alias entry designation............................................................................ 337
7.5.2.4.5 iSCSI name with binary IPv6 address alias entry designation ........................................................ 338
7.5.3 EXTENDED COPY protocol specific target descriptors ........................................................................ 339
7.5.3.1 Introduction to EXTENDED COPY protocol specific target descriptors ............................................. 339
7.5.3.2 Fibre Channel N_Port_Name EXTENDED COPY target descriptor format ....................................... 339
7.5.3.3 Fibre Channel N_Port_ID EXTENDED COPY target descriptor format ............................................. 340
7.5.3.4 Fibre Channel N_Port_ID with N_Port_Name checking EXTENDED COPY target descriptor format341
7.5.3.5 SCSI Parallel T_L EXTENDED COPY target descriptor format ........................................................ 342
7.5.3.6 IEEE 1394 EUI-64 EXTENDED COPY target descriptor format ........................................................ 343
7.5.3.7 RDMA EXTENDED COPY target descriptor format ........................................................................... 344
7.5.3.8 iSCSI binary IPv4 address EXTENDED COPY target descriptor format........................................... 345
7.5.3.9 SAS serial SCSI protocol target descriptor format ............................................................................. 346
7.5.4 TransportID identifiers ........................................................................................................................... 346
7.5.4.1 Overview of TransportID identifiers .................................................................................................... 346
7.5.4.2 TransportID for initiator ports using SCSI over Fibre Channel ........................................................... 347
7.5.4.3 TransportID for initiator ports using a parallel SCSI bus .................................................................... 348
7.5.4.4 TransportID for initiator ports using SCSI over IEEE 1394..............................................................
... 348
7.5.4.5 TransportID for initiator ports using SCSI over an RDMA interface ................................................... 349
7.5.4.6 TransportID for initiator ports using SCSI over iSCSI......................................................................... 349
7.5.4.7 TransportID for initiator ports using SCSI over SAS Serial SCSI Protocol......................................... 351
7 October 2006 T10/1731-D Revision 7a
Working Draft SCSI Primary Commands - 4 (SPC-4) xviii
7.6 Vital product data parameters .................................................................................................................. 352
7.6.1 Vital product data parameters overview and page codes...................................................................... 352
7.6.2 ASCII Information VPD page................................................................................................................. 353
7.6.3 Device Identification VPD page ............................................................................................................. 354
7.6.3.1 Device Identification VPD page overview........................................................................................... 354
7.6.3.2 Device designation descriptor requirements ...................................................................................... 356
7.6.3.2.1 Designation descriptors for logical units other than well known logical units .................................. 356
7.6.3.2.2 Designation descriptors for well known logical units ....................................................................... 357
7.6.3.2.3 Designation descriptors for SCSI target ports ................................................................................. 357
7.6.3.2.3.1 Relative target port identifiers....................................................................................................... 357
7.6.3.2.3.2 Target port names or identifiers.................................................................................................... 357
7.6.3.2.4 Designation descriptors for SCSI target devices ............................................................................. 357
7.6.3.3 Vendor specific designator format ...................................................................................................... 358
7.6.3.4 T10 vendor ID based designator format ............................................................................................. 358
7.6.3.5 EUI-64 based designator format......................................................................................................... 359
7.6.3.5.1 EUI-64 based designator format overview ...................................................................................... 359
7.6.3.5.2 EUI-64 designator format ................................................................................................................ 359
7.6.3.5.3 EUI-64 based 12-byte designator format......................................................................................... 360
7.6.3.5.4 EUI-64 based 16-byte designator format......................................................................................... 360
7.6.3.6 NAA designator format ....................................................................................................................... 361
7.6.3.6.1 NAA identifier basic format .............................................................................................................. 361
7.6.3.6.2 NAA IEEE Extended designator format........................................................................................... 361
7.6.3.6.3 NAA IEEE Registered designator format......................................................................................... 362
7.6.3.6.4 NAA IEEE Registered Extended designator format ........................................................................ 362
7.6.3.7 Relative target port designator format ................................................................................................ 363
7.6.3.8 Target port group designator format................................................................................................... 364
7.6.3.9 Logical unit group designator format .................................................................................................. 364
7.6.3.10 MD5 logical unit designator format ................................................................................................... 364
7.6.3.11 SCSI name string designator format ................................................................................................ 366
7.6.4 Extended INQUIRY Data VPD page ..................................................................................................... 367
7.6.5 Management Network Addresses VPD page ........................................................................................ 369
7.6.6 Mode Page Policy VPD page ................................................................................................................ 370
7.6.7 SCSI Ports VPD page ........................................................................................................................... 372
7.6.8 Software Interface Identification VPD page........................................................................................... 375
7.6.9 Supported VPD Pages .......................................................................................................................... 376
7.6.10 Unit Serial Number VPD page............................................................................................................. 376
8 Well known logical units ..................................................................................................................................... 377
8.1 Model for well known logical units ............................................................................................................ 377
8.2 REPORT LUNS well known logical unit ................................................................................................... 377
8.3 ACCESS CONTROLS well known logical unit ......................................................................................... 378
8.3.1 Access controls model........................................................................................................................... 378
8.3.1.1 Access controls commands................................................................................................................ 378
8.3.1.2 Access controls overview ...............................................................................................
.................... 378
8.3.1.3 The access control list (ACL).............................................................................................................. 379
8.3.1.3.1 ACL overview .................................................................................................................................. 379
8.3.1.3.2 Access identifiers............................................................................................................................. 380
8.3.1.3.3 Logical unit access control descriptors............................................................................................ 381
8.3.1.4 Managing the ACL.............................................................................................................................. 381
8.3.1.4.1 ACL management overview ............................................................................................................ 381
8.3.1.4.2 Authorizing ACL management......................................................................................................... 381
8.3.1.4.3 Identifying logical units during ACL management ........................................................................... 382
8.3.1.4.4 Tracking changes in logical unit identification ................................................................................. 382
8.3.1.5 Enrolling AccessIDs............................................................................................................................ 383
T10/1731-D Revision 7a 7 October 2006
xix Working Draft SCSI Primary Commands - 4 (SPC-4)
8.3.1.5.1 Enrollment states............................................................................................................................. 383
8.3.1.5.1.1 Summary of enrollment states...................................................................................................... 383
8.3.1.5.1.2 Not-enrolled state ......................................................................................................................... 383
8.3.1.5.1.3 Enrolled state................................................................................................................................ 384
8.3.1.5.1.4 Pending-enrolled state.................................................................................................................. 385
8.3.1.5.2 ACL LUN conflict resolution............................................................................................................. 385
8.3.1.6 Granting and revoking access rights .................................................................................................. 385
8.3.1.6.1 Non-proxy access rights .................................................................................................................. 385
8.3.1.6.2 Proxy access ................................................................................................................................... 386
8.3.1.6.2.1 Proxy tokens................................................................................................................................. 386
8.3.1.6.2.2 Proxy LUNs .................................................................................................................................. 386
8.3.1.7 Verifying access rights........................................................................................................................ 387
8.3.1.8 The management identifier key .......................................................................................................... 388
8.3.1.8.1 Management identifier key usage.................................................................................................... 388
8.3.1.8.2 Overriding the management identifier key....................................................................................... 389
8.3.1.8.2.1 The OVERRIDE MGMT ID KEY service action............................................................................ 389
8.3.1.8.2.2 The override lockout timer ............................................................................................................ 389
8.3.1.9 Reporting access control information ................................................................................................. 390
8.3.1.10 Access controls log........................................................................................................................... 390
8.3.1.11 Interactions of access controls and other features ........................................................................... 391
8.3.1.11.1 Task set management and access controls .................................................................................. 391
8.3.1.11.2 Existing reservations and ACL changes........................................................................................ 391
8.3.1.12 Access controls information persistence and memory usage requirements .................................... 392
8.3.1.13 Access identifier formats .................................................................................................................. 393
8.3.1.13.1 Access identifier type..................................................................................................................... 393
8.3.1.13.2 AccessID access identifiers........................................................................................................... 393
8.3.2 ACCESS CONTROL IN command........................................................................................................ 394
8.3.2.1 ACCESS CONTROL IN introduction .................................................................................................. 394
8.3.2.2 REPORT ACL service action.............................................................................................................. 395
8.3.2.2.1 REPORT ACL introduction .............................................................................................................. 395
8.3.2.2.2 REPORT ACL parameter data format ............................................................................................. 396
8.3.2.2.2.1 REPORT ACL parameter data introduction.................................................................................. 396
8.3.2.2.2.2 Granted ACL data page format .................................................................................................... 397
8.3.2.2.2.3 Granted All ACL data page format ............................................................................................... 399
8.3.2.2.2.4 Proxy Tokens ACL data page format ........................................................................................... 400
8.3.2.3 REPORT LU DESCRIPTORS service action ..................................................................................... 401
8.3.2.3.1 REPORT LU DESCRIPTORS introduction ..................................................................................... 401
8.3.2.3.2 REPORT LU DESCRIPTORS parameter data format .................................................................... 402
8.3.2.4 REPORT ACCESS CONTROLS LOG service action ........................................................................ 406
8.3.2.4.1 REPORT ACCESS CONTROLS LOG introduction......................................................................... 406
8.3.2.4.2 REPORT ACCESS CONTROLS LOG parameter data format........................................................ 407
8.3.2.4.2.1 REPORT ACCESS CONTROLS LOG parameter data introduction ............................................ 407
8.3.2.4.2.2 Key Overrides access controls log portion page format ............................................................... 408
8.3.2.4.2.3 Invalid Keys access controls log portion page format .................................................................. 409
8.3.2.4.2.4 ACL LUN Conflicts access controls log portion page format........................................................ 410
8.3.2.5 REPORT OVERRIDE LOCKOUT TIMER service action ................................................................... 411
8.3.2.6 REQUEST PROXY TOKEN service action ........................................................................................ 412
8.3.3 ACCESS CONTROL OUT command.................................................................................................... 414
8.3.3.1 ACCESS CONTROL OUT introduction .............................................................................................. 414
8.3.3.2 MANAGE ACL service action ............................................................................................................. 415
8.3.3.2.1 MANAGE ACL introduction ............................................................................................................. 415
8.3.3.2.2 The Grant/Revoke ACE page.......................................................................................................... 418
8.3.3.2.3 The Grant All ACE page .................................................................................................................. 420
8.3.3.2.4 The Revoke Proxy Token ACE page............................................................................................... 421
7 October 2006 T10/1731-D Revision 7a
Working Draft SCSI Primary Commands - 4 (SPC-4) xx
8.3.3.2.5 The Revoke All Proxy Tokens ACE page........................................................................................ 422
8.3.3.3 DISABLE ACCESS CONTROLS service action................................................................................. 422
8.3.3.4 ACCESS ID ENROLL service action.................................................................................................. 423
8.3.3.5 CANCEL ENROLLMENT service action ............................................................................................ 424
8.3.3.6 CLEAR ACCESS CONTROLS LOG service action ........................................................................... 425
8.3.3.7 MANAGE OVERRIDE LOCKOUT TIMER service action................................................................... 426
8.3.3.8 OVERRIDE MGMT ID KEY service action ......................................................................................... 427
8.3.3.9 REVOKE PROXY TOKEN service action........................................................................................... 428
8.3.3.10 REVOKE ALL PROXY TOKENS service action............................................................................... 428
8.3.3.11 ASSIGN PROXY LUN service action ............................................................................................... 429
8.3.3.12 RELEASE PROXY LUN service action ............................................................................................ 430
8.4 TARGET LOG PAGES well known logical unit ........................................................................................ 432
8.5 SECURITY PROTOCOL well known logical unit...................................................................................... 432
Annex A (informative) Terminology mapping ........................................................................................................ 433
Annex B (Informative) PERSISTENT RESERVE IN/OUT functionality for RESERVE/RELEASE replacement... 434
B.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 434
B.2 Replacing the reserve/release method with the PERSISTENT RESERVE OUT COMMAND................. 434
B.3 Third party reservations ........................................................................................................................... 435
Annex C (Informative) Procedures for logging operations in SCSI....................................................................... 436
C.1 Procedures for logging operations in SCSI introduction .......................................................................... 436
C.2 Logging operations terminology............................................................................................................... 436
C.3 LOG SENSE command ........................................................................................................................... 437
C.4 LOG SELECT command.......................................................................................................................... 440
C.5 Exception conditions during logging ........................................................................................................ 443
C.5.1 Overview of exception conditions during logging.................................................................................. 443
C.5.2 Pseudocode 1 ....................................................................................................................................... 445
C.5.3 Pseudocode 2 ....................................................................................................................................... 445
C.5.4 Pseudocode 3 ....................................................................................................................................... 445
Annex D (informative) Numeric order codes......................................................................................................... 446
D.1 Numeric order codes introduction ............................................................................................................ 446
D.2 Additional sense codes ............................................................................................................................ 446
D.3 Operation codes....................................................................................................................................... 462
D.3.1 Operation codes.................................................................................................................................... 462
D.3.2 Additional operation codes for devices with the EncServ bit set to one................................................ 468
D.3.3 MAINTENANCE (IN) and MAINTENANCE (OUT) service actions....................................................... 469
D.3.4 SERVICE ACTION IN and SERVICE ACTION OUT service actions ................................................... 470
D.3.5 Variable length CDB service action codes............................................................................................ 471
D.4 Diagnostic page codes............................................................................................................................. 472
D.5 Log page codes ....................................................................................................................................... 473
D.6 Mode page codes .................................................................................................................................... 475
D.7 VPD page codes ...................................................................................................................................... 477
D.8 Version descriptor values......................................................................................................................... 478
D.9 T10 IEEE binary identifiers ...................................................................................................................... 492
Annex E (informative) T10 vendor identification ................................................................................................... 493
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