编程iOS 7：第四版精华解读

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"Programming.iOS.7(4th,2013.12)" 是一本由 Matt Neuburg 撰写的书籍，专注于 iOS 7 的编程。这本书在读者中获得了好评，被认为是一本深入讲解 iOS 开发的资源。本书详细介绍了如何在 iOS 7 平台上进行移动应用开发。第四版于2013年12月发布，是继2011年的第一版、2012年的第二版和第三版之后的最新更新。作者 Matt Neuburg 在书中涵盖了 iOS 开发的各个方面，包括但不限于以下知识点： 1. **Swift 和 Objective-C**: 虽然描述中没有明确指出，但鉴于该书出版时 Swift 还未正式发布（Swift 于2014年WWDC推出），因此主要可能涉及的是 Objective-C，这是当时 iOS 开发的主要语言。书中可能会讲解Objective-C的基本语法、类、对象和消息传递机制。 2. **UIKit 框架**: UIKit 是 iOS 应用开发的核心框架，书中应该详细介绍了如何使用它来创建用户界面，包括控件（如 UIButton、UILabel 和 UITableView）、事件处理、视图控制器等。 3. **Core Data**: iOS 的数据持久化框架，用于存储和管理应用程序的数据。书中可能讲解了如何设置数据模型、使用 NSManagedObject 子类以及查询和更新数据的方法。 4. **Multithreading 和 Grand Central Dispatch (GCD)**: 为了优化性能和用户体验，iOS 开发者需要理解多线程编程。GCD 是苹果提供的并发工具，书中可能介绍了如何使用 GCD 实现异步操作和后台任务。 5. **网络编程**: 包括 HTTP 请求、URLSession、JSON 解析等，这些都是 iOS 应用与服务器交互的基础。 6. **动画和 Core Animation**: iOS 中的动画效果通常通过 Core Animation 来实现，书中可能会涵盖如何创建基本和复杂的动画效果。 7. **Notification 服务**: 如何使用本地通知和远程推送通知来增强用户体验。 8. **Location Services 和 Core Location**: 讲解如何获取设备的位置信息，以及如何创建基于位置的应用。 9. **GameKit 和其他社交功能**: 如何集成 Game Center 和其他社交网络，实现游戏排名、成就系统等功能。 10. **App Store 分发和测试**: 如何打包应用、进行内部测试、提交 App Store 审核以及发布应用。此外，书中还可能包含了实际项目的案例分析，帮助读者将理论知识应用于实践中。考虑到作者的声誉和书的深度，读者可以期待深入的技术解释和最佳实践。虽然书的内容可能较为深入，适合有一定编程基础的开发者，但对于想要全面了解 iOS 7 开发的初学者来说，也是一本有价值的参考资料。

Aut lego vel scribo; doceo scrutorve sophian.

—Sedulius Scottus

Preface

This book, now in its fourth edition, has grown in size to encompass the growth in its

subject, until it can grow no more. The previous editions — Programming iOS 4 (May

2011), Programming iOS 5 (March 2012), and Programming iOS 6 (March 2013) — were

approximately 800 pp., 950 pp., and 1150 pp. in length, respectively, not because I had

more to say each time, but because Apple, as it added features to iOS 4 to make iOS 5,

and to iOS 5 to make iOS 6, had given me more to describe.

Now iOS 7 has come along with even more new features, and drastic action was needed.

Accordingly, the book has been ripped violently but neatly in two — neatly, because

there was already a perfectly natural place to do the ripping, namely right after the end

of what used to be Part III (Chapter 13). There are now two books:

• A new book, iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals, comprising chapters 1–13 of the

earlier books.

• This book, Programming iOS 7, comprising chapters 14–40 of the earlier books.

The truth is that this is a division I had wanted to make even before Programming iOS

4 was published — indeed, before it was even conceived of. My original proposal to

O’Reilly Media, back in early 2010, had been for a book to be called Fundamentals of

Cocoa Programming, intended to cover very much the same material as iOS 7 Program‐

ming Fundamentals covers now. But the proposal was accepted only on condition that

it be extended to cover much more of Cocoa Touch (iOS) programming; so I complied

and set to work on this longer project, and later, despite my impassioned pleas in the

autumn of 2010, I was unable to persuade the publisher to break up the lengthy manu‐

script into two: by that time, all the king’s horses and all the king’s men could no longer

crack Humpty Dumpty apart.

The new situation, therefore, is just what I always wanted in the first place — but not

quite, because what I most desired was a single book in two volumes. My idea was that

the books would have the same title, distinguished as Volume I and Volume II, with

successive numbering of pages and chapters: if Volume I ended, say, with Chapter 13

and page 400, then Volume II would start with Chapter 14 and page 401. To this de‐

lightfully Victorian extreme, I’m sorry to say, O’Reilly Media were implacably opposed.

Thus, Programming iOS 7, though it starts with its own Chapter 1 and page 1, never‐

theless still picks up exactly where iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals leaves off. They

complement and supplement one another. Those who desire a complete grounding in

the knowledge needed to begin writing iOS apps with a solid and rigorous understand‐

ing of what they are doing and where they are heading will, I hope, obtain both books.

At the same time, the two-book architecture should, I believe, render the size and scope

of each book individually more acceptable and attractive to more readers.

Those who feel that they know already all there is to know about C, Objective-C, Xcode,

and the linguistic and architectural basis of the Cocoa framework, or who are content

to pick up such underpinnings as they go along, need no longer (as some in the past

have done) complain that the book is occupied with 13 preliminary chapters before the

reader starts really writing any significant iOS code, because those 13 chapters have now

been abstracted into a separate volume, iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals, and this

book, Programming iOS 7, now begins, like Homer’s Iliad, in the middle of the story,

with the reader jumping with all four feet into views and view controllers, and with a

knowledge of the language and the Xcode IDE already presupposed. And if such a reader

subsequently changes his or her mind and decides that a thorough grounding in those

underpinnings might in fact be desirable, iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals will still

be available and awaiting study.

Moreover, the existence of iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals means that I, as author

and teacher, can make the same assumption in this edition about you, as reader and

student, that I made in previous editions — namely, that you have a command of the

material in that book. If you find yourself mystified by terminology or concepts used in

this book, then it might be wise to stop reading it and take up iOS 7 Programming

Fundamentals first! In it, I explain such things as:

• The Objective-C language, starting with C and building up to the object-oriented

concepts and mechanics of classes and instances in Objective-C itself.

• Xcode, the world in which all iOS programming ultimately takes place, including

what an Xcode project is and how it is transformed into an app, and how to work

comfortably and nimbly with Xcode to consult the documentation and to write,

navigate, and debug code, as well as how to bring your app through the subsequent

stages of running on a device and submission to the App Store. There is also a very

important chapter on nibs and the nib editor (Interface Builder), including outlets

and actions as well as the mechanics of nib loading. (However, some additional

important nib-related topics, such as autolayout constraints and storyboard segues,

are discussed in this book.)

xvi | Preface

• The Cocoa Touch framework, which provides important foundational classes and

adds linguistic and architectural devices such as categories, protocols, delegation,

and notifications, as well as the pervasive responsibilities of memory management,

plus key–value coding and key–value observing.

With those basics having been laid down in iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals, this

book, Programming iOS 7, assumes that you already know Objective-C and how to work

with Xcode to edit code and nibs, make properties and outlets and actions, and so forth,

and proceeds to explain the constituents of practical iOS app construction:

• Part I describes views, the fundamental units of an iOS app’s interface. Views are

what the user can see and touch in an iOS app. To make something appear before

the user’s eyes, you need a view. To let the user interact with your app, you need a

view. This part of the book explains how views are created, arranged, drawn, layered,

animated, and touched.

• Part II starts by discussing view controllers. Perhaps the most remarkable and im‐

portant feature of iOS programming, view controllers enable views to come and go

coherently within the interface, thus allowing a single-windowed app running on

what may be a tiny screen to contain multiple screens of material. This part of the

book talks about all the ways in which view controllers can be manipulated in order

to make their views appear. It also describes every kind of view provided by the

Cocoa framework — the built-in “widgets” with which you’ll construct an app’s

interface.

• Part III surveys many of the secondary frameworks provided by iOS. These are

clumps of code, sometimes with built-in interface, that are not part of your app by

default, but are there for the asking if you need them, allowing you to work with

such things as sound, video, user libraries, mail, maps, and the device’s sensors.

•

Part IV wraps up the book with some miscellaneous but important topics: files,

networking, threading, and how to implement Undo and Redo.

• Appendix A summarizes the most important lifetime event messages sent to your

app delegate.

Someone who has read this book (and who, it goes without saying, is conversant with

the material in iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals) will, I believe, be capable of writing

a real-life iOS app, and to do so with a clear understanding of what he or she is doing

and where the app is going as it grows and develops. The book itself doesn’t show how

to write any particularly interesting iOS apps (though it is backed by dozens of example

projects that you can download from my GitHub site, http://github.com/mattneub/

Programming-iOS-Book-Examples), but it does constantly use my own real apps and

real programming situations to illustrate and motivate its explanations.

Just as important, this book is intended to prepare you for your own further explorations.

In the case of some topics, especially in Part III and Part IV, I guide you past the initial

Preface | xvii

barrier of no knowledge into an understanding of the topic, its concepts, its capabilities,

and its documentation, along with some code examples; but the topic itself may be so

huge that there is room only to introduce it here. Your feet, nevertheless, will now be

set firmly on the path, and you will know enough that you can now proceed further

down that path on your own whenever the need or interest arises.

Indeed, there is always more to learn about iOS. iOS is vast! It is all too easy to find areas

of iOS that have had to be ruled outside the scope of this book. In Part IV, for example,

I peek at Core Data, and demonstrate its use in code, but a true study of Core Data would

require an entire book of its own (and such books exist); so, having opened the door, I

quickly close it again, lest this book suddenly double in size. By the same token, many

areas of iOS are not treated at all in this book:

OpenGL

An open source C library for drawing, including 3D drawing, that takes full ad‐

vantage of graphics hardware. This is often the most efficient way to draw, especially

when animation is involved. iOS incorporates a simplified version of OpenGL called

OpenGL ES. See Apple’s OpenGL Programming Guide for iOS. Open GL interface

configuration, texture loading, shading, and calculation are simplified by the GLKit

framework; see the GLKit Framework Reference.

Sprite Kit

New in iOS 7, Sprite Kit provides a built-in framework for designing 2D animated

games.

Accelerate

Certain computation-intensive processes will benefit from the vector-based Accel‐

erate framework. See the vDSP Programming Guide.

Game Kit

The Game Kit framework covers three areas that can enhance your user’s game

experience: Wireless or Bluetooth communication directly between devices (peer-

to-peer); voice communication across an existing network connection; and Game

Center, which facilitates these and many other aspects of interplayer communica‐

tion, such as posting and viewing high scores and setting up combinations of players

who wish to compete. See the Game Kit Programming Guide.

Advertising

The iAD framework lets your free app attempt to make money by displaying ad‐

vertisements provided by Apple. See the iAD Programming Guide.

Newsstand

Your app may represent a subscription to something like a newspaper or magazine.

See the Newsstand Kit Framework Reference.

Printing

See the “Printing” chapter of the Drawing and Printing Guide for iOS.

xviii | Preface

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