LINQ全方位解析:从基础到高级应用

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"关于LinQ初极的最全的!!!" 在.NET框架中,LINQ(Language Integrated Query,语言集成查询)是一项强大的技术,它允许开发者以一种更自然、更面向对象的方式执行查询操作,无需学习新的查询语法。 LINQ通过引入一系列标准查询运算符,使得对数据进行操作变得更加简洁和高效,无论这些数据源是对象集合、XML文档还是数据库。 LINQ的核心组成部分包括: 1. **LINQ to Objects**:这个部分使我们能够对任何实现了`IEnumerable`或`IQueryable`接口的对象集合进行查询。例如,你可以直接在数组、列表或其他集合上使用LINQ查询,就像在示例代码中展示的那样,找出所有偶数并按降序排列。 ```csharp int[] numbers = new int[] { 6, 4, 3, 2, 9, 1, 7, 8, 5 }; var even = numbers .Where(p => p % 2 == 0) .Select(p => p) .OrderByDescending(p => p); ``` 在这个例子中,`Where`方法用于过滤出偶数,`Select`方法用于选择需要的属性,而`OrderByDescending`则用来排序。 2. **LINQ to XML**:这部分专门针对XML数据,允许开发者直接在XML文档上执行查询,简化了处理XML的工作。比如,可以使用LINQ查询XML节点,获取特定的数据。 3. **LINQ to ADO.NET**:此部分与数据库交互,包括`LINQ to SQL`和`Entity Framework`(即`LINQ to Entities`)。它们提供了将SQL查询转换为C#代码的能力,使得开发者可以以更加面向对象的方式来操作数据库,避免了直接编写SQL语句。 4. **LINQ to SQL**:是早期.NET框架中的一个技术,它允许直接将C#或VB.NET表达式映射到SQL查询,用于操作SQL Server数据库。 5. **LINQ to Entities**:随着Entity Framework的发展,`LINQ to Entities`成为主流,它支持ORM(对象关系映射),使得开发者可以使用C#或VB.NET的LINQ查询来操作数据库实体模型。 在LINQ查询中,Lambda表达式扮演着关键角色。Lambda表达式是一种简洁的匿名函数表示法,它可以在LINQ查询中定义查询条件或转换逻辑。Lambda表达式的语法如下: ```csharp // 单参数,无类型推断 parameter => expression // 多参数,类型推断 (param1, param2) => expression // 无参数 () => expression // 多参数,类型指定 (int x, int y) => x * y // 多语句 (param1, param2) => { // 语句块 } ``` Lambda表达式可以用于定义查询中的`Where`, `Select`, `OrderBy`, `GroupBy`等方法的条件,极大地提高了代码的可读性和可维护性。在LINQ查询中,`Select`用于投影数据,`Where`用于筛选数据,`OrderBy`和`OrderByDescending`用于排序,而`GroupBy`则用于按指定字段对数据进行分组。 LINQ简化了.NET开发中的数据查询,使得代码更加简洁、易于理解和维护,同时也增强了代码的可读性和一致性。无论是处理对象集合、XML数据还是数据库,LINQ都能提供一致的编程体验,大大提升了开发效率。
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LINQ中文学习资料和LINQ 随身参考手册,其中LINQ 随身参考手册是英文版的,但内容不错。 LINQ 随身参考手册介绍:   Ready to take advantage of LINQ with C# 3.0? This guide has the detail you need to grasp Microsoft’s new querying technology, and concise explanations to help you learn it quickly. And once you begin to apply LINQ, the book serves as an on-the-job reference when you need immediate reminders. All the examples in the LINQ Pocket Reference are preloaded into LINQPad, the highly praised utility that lets you work with LINQ interactively. Created by the authors and free to download, LINQPad will not only help you learn LINQ, it will have you thinking in LINQ. This reference explains: LINQ’s key concepts, such as deferred execution, iterator chaining, and type inference in lambda expressions The differences between local and interpreted queries C# 3.0′s query syntax in detail-including multiple generators, joining, grouping, query continuations, and more Query syntax versus lambda syntax, and mixed syntax queries Composition and projection strategies for complex queries All of LINQ’s 40-plus query operators How to write efficient LINQ to SQL queries How to build expression trees from scratch All of LINQ to XML’s types and their advanced useLINQ promises to be the locus of a thriving ecosystem for many years to come. This small book gives you a huge head start. “The authors built a tool (LINQPad) that lets you experiment with LINQ interactively in a way that the designers of LINQ themselves don’t support, and the tool has all kinds of wonderful features that LINQ, SQL and Regular Expression programmers alike will want to use regularly long after they’ve read the book.” -Chris Sells, Connected Systems Program Manager, Microsoft   About the Author   Joseph Albahari is a core C# design architect at Egton Medical Information Systems, the largest primary healthcare software supplier in the UK. He has been developing large-scale enterprise applications on .NET and other platforms for more than 15 years, working in medical, telecommunication and education industries. Joseph specializes in writing custom components and controls, and has designed application component frameworks for three companies.   Ben Albahari is currently involved in the bioinformatics business. He was a Program Manager at Microsoft for 5 years, where he worked on several projects, including the .NET Compact Framework and ADO.NET.   He was the cofounder of Genamics, a provider of tools for C# and J++ programmers, as well as software for DNA and protein sequence analysis. He is a co-author of C# Essentials, the first C# book from O’Reilly, and of previous editions of C# in a Nutshell.