深入探索SharePoint 2010工作流开发

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"SharePoint 2010 Workflows in Action" 本书《SharePoint 2010 Workflows in Action》由Phil Wicklund撰写，是关于SharePoint工作流开发的专业参考书籍，旨在深入探讨和实践在SharePoint 2010环境中如何创建和管理工作流。这本书提供了一个全面的指南，帮助读者理解工作流的基础概念，同时提供了丰富的实践案例，让开发者能够掌握在实际项目中应用SharePoint工作流的技巧。在SharePoint 2010中，工作流是一种自动化业务流程的技术，允许用户定义和执行一系列步骤，这些步骤可以涉及文档审批、任务分配、数据同步等业务操作。本书涵盖了以下几个关键知识点： 1. **工作流基础**：介绍工作流的基本概念，包括工作流模型、状态机和活动，以及它们在SharePoint中的实现方式。 2. **SharePoint 2010工作流平台**：详细解析SharePoint 2010内置的工作流引擎，包括Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) 4.0，它是如何与SharePoint集成的。 3. **设计和创建工作流**：讲解如何使用Visual Studio和SharePoint Designer创建自定义工作流，包括序列工作流、状态机工作流以及基于表单的工作流。 4. **工作流模板**：讨论内置的工作流模板，如审批、收集数据和三向匹配，以及如何根据需求定制这些模板。 5. **工作流服务和API**：深入研究工作流服务的应用程序接口（API），包括如何编程地启动、暂停、恢复或终止工作流，以及如何跟踪和管理工作流实例。 6. **工作流事件处理程序**：阐述如何利用事件处理程序来扩展工作流行为，例如在特定事件发生时触发额外的逻辑或操作。 7. **工作流状态和变量**：讨论如何使用和管理工作流状态，以及如何在工作流执行过程中传递和修改数据。 8. **错误处理和调试**：提供有关如何处理工作流中的错误和异常的指导，以及有效的调试策略。 9. **工作流持久化和状态存储**：解释工作流如何在数据库中保存其状态，并在需要时恢复。 10. **安全性和权限**：介绍如何配置工作流的安全设置，确保只有授权用户能够访问和操作工作流。此外，书中还可能包含最佳实践、性能优化、监控和日志记录等主题，帮助读者在实际部署和维护SharePoint工作流时避免常见问题。无论你是初学者还是有经验的SharePoint开发者，这本书都将是你深入理解并有效利用SharePoint 2010工作流的宝贵资源。

acknowledgments

Many people contributed to this project during the many months I worked on it. Sin-

cere thanks to Todd Bleeker, MVP, for inspiring me to write the book in the first place,

and to Paul Grafelman and Eric Hanes, contributing authors, for sharing their exper-

tise. Paul wrote chapters 3 and 5 about SharePoint Designer, and Eric contributed

chapters 2 and 6 about out-of-the-box workflows and Office Visio.

At Manning Publications, I’d like to thank Marjan Bace; Mike Stephens; develop-

ment editor Susan Harkins; and the production team of Betsey Henkels, Nermina

Miller, Mary Piergies, and Gordan Salinovic. Special thanks to Wayne Ewington,

MCM,

for his careful technical review of the final manuscript during production.

The following reviewers offered valuable feedback after reading the manuscript

several times during its development and made this a much better book as a result:

Kunal Mittal, Jonas Bandi, Raymond Mitchell, Brandon Kobel, Andrew Grothe, Mar-

griet Bruggeman, Nikander Bruggeman, Monty Grusendorf, Darren Neimke, and

Berndt Hamboeck.

I’d also like to thank the readers of Manning’s Early Access Program (

MEAP) for

their contributions and corrections posted in the online forum.

I also want to extend my thanks to my employer,

RBA Consulting. It has been an

honor for me to work with such a great group of people, and my family is very thank-

ful for the employment and provision we receive through them. This book wouldn’t

have been possible without

RBA Consulting’s support as its foundation.

But most of all, I’d like to thank my wife Sarah and my three kids Adalyn, Noah,

and Molly. There’s no doubt in my mind that their sacrifice was greater than mine,

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ABOUT THIS BOOK

xviii

Making the jump to Visual Studio happens only after you determine that SharePoint

Designer won’t be sufficient. Then, chapters 8 through 12 focus on how to build the

most advanced solutions with Visual Studio.

Roadmap

This book is divided into three parts.

Part 1, “Introduction to SharePoint workflows,” introduces workflows, discusses

where SharePoint comes into play, and explains which tools to use and how to config-

ure one of the out-of-the-box workflows:

■

Chapter 1 gets you started with workflows by introducing you to the types of

SharePoint workflows and their architecture. It also introduces tools you can

use to build custom workflows and provides a list of workflow features that are

new with the release of SharePoint 2010.

■

Chapter 2 leads you through the workflow basics by helping you use an out-of-

the-box workflow, the Three State workflow. You’ll see how to add and remove

workflows, start and stop workflows, and view a workflow’s history.

In part 2, “No-code SharePoint workflows,” the book transitions into how to build cus-

tom workflows without writing code. Chapters 5 to 7 will be right up the alley of folks

who aren’t programmers, although programmers shouldn’t skip these chapters. As a

seasoned programmer, I use no-code workflow techniques more frequently than cod-

ing techniques:

■

Chapter 3 takes you through your first custom workflow, using a tool called

SharePoint Designer. This tool provides an intuitive user interface to create cus-

tom workflows; the chapter leads you through this interface and the core

actions that your workflow can perform.

■

Chapter 4 takes a SharePoint Designer workflow to the next level by discussing

task processing within workflows. Almost all workflows revolve around human

interaction, which you can accomplish by issuing tasks.

■

Chapter 5 extends SharePoint Designer workflows further by covering tech-

niques such as templates and workflows involved in document sets and security.

The chapter also covers workflow interactions with external data via Business

Continuity Services.

■

Chapter 6 digs into business analyses connected with workflows by introducing

Office Visio workflows. The chapter covers the technique of diagramming a work-

flow in Visio and subsequently importing that workflow into SharePoint Designer.

■

Chapter 7 discusses using custom forms with InfoPath. SharePoint workflows

and InfoPath are coupled together. For an InfoPath and SharePoint newbie,

this is a great introduction. You’ll learn how to customize the out-of-the-box

forms, publish custom forms to content types, and map form data to columns.

In part 3, “Custom-coded SharePoint workflows,” you’ll put on your development hat

and learn how to build the most complex workflows:

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ABOUT THIS BOOK

xix

■

Chapter 8 is the first chapter in which you use Visual Studio to build a custom

workflow. The chapter covers how workflows are packaged and deployed into

SharePoint. Then, we discuss sequential workflows and state-machine workflows.

■

Chapter 9 takes the Visual Studio workflow discussion further by demonstrating

how to introduce custom forms into your workflows. The chapter covers both Info-

Path and

ASP.NET forms, as well as association, initiation, and modification forms.

■

Chapter 10 covers task-edit forms. The chapter is dedicated to task processing

in custom Visual Studio SharePoint workflows.

■

Chapter 11 is focused on how to build custom activities for your Visual Studio

workflows. The chapter leads you through how to publish those custom activi-

ties into SharePoint Designer as actions. We also cover custom conditions for

SharePoint Designer.

■

Chapter 12 is a compilation of shorter but valuable workflow developer tech-

niques. These include how to debug and handle errors in your workflows. We

discuss versioning workflows, as well as workflow events. The chapter ends with

a brief discussion of the workflow object model.

Code conventions and downloads

All code in the book is presented in a

fixed-width

font

this

to separate it

from ordinary text. Code annotations accompany many of the listings, highlighting

important concepts. In some cases, numbered bullets link to explanations that follow

the listing.

In longer code examples, only the important code segments are included in the

book. You will find the full code for all the examples in the book available for down-

load from the publisher’s website at www.manning.com/wicklund or www.man-

ning.com/SharePoint2010WorkflowsinAction.

Software requirements

Because this is a SharePoint 2010 workflow book, you’ll obviously need Share-

Point 2010. If you’re a programmer, this will include a SharePoint development work-

station where you have your own local instance of SharePoint 2010. For nondevelopers,

browser access to a SharePoint site is sufficient. Workflow in SharePoint 2010 is a fea-

ture of SharePoint Foundation, which means SharePoint Server isn’t required. But if

your workflow will use server features such as InfoPath Forms Server, you may need

SharePoint Server, Microsoft Office Visio 2010, SharePoint Designer 2010, and Visual

Studio 2010 (for developers).

Author Online

The purchase of SharePoint 2010 Workflows in Action includes free access to the private

online forum hosted by Manning Publications. There comments can be made, questions

can be asked, and help can be given, all on a voluntary basis by the authors and other

forum geeks. You can access the forum for this book at www.manning.com/

SharePoint2010WorkflowsinAction.

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