IEEE 802.11ak-2018标准：无线局域网桥接网络传输增强

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"IEEE Std 802.11ak™-2018.pdf" 是一份关于无线局域网（WLAN）介质访问控制（MAC）和物理层（PHY）规格的修订标准，旨在增强桥接网络中的传输链接。 IEEE 802.11ak 是对 IEEE 802.11 标准的一个重要补充，该标准由 IEEE 本地和城域网标准委员会赞助。这份文档是针对 IEEE 802.11-2016 标准的第四次修正，同时考虑了之前的一些修正，包括 IEEE 802.11ai、802.11ah 和 802.11aj 的更新内容。 802.11ak 的主要目标是提高无线网络的性能和效率，特别是对于跨越多个网络段或“桥接”连接的通信。在传统的无线局域网中，不同的子网可能通过有线桥接连接，而 802.11ak 提供了在这些桥接链路中的优化技术，以减少延迟、提高带宽利用率和增强网络的可靠性。这份标准可能包含以下关键知识点： 1. **桥接网络优化**：802.11ak 专注于改善无线桥接网络的性能，确保数据包在不同无线子网间高效地传输，这对于大规模分布式网络和物联网（IoT）应用至关重要。 2. **传输延迟减少**：通过引入新的协议和算法，802.11ak 旨在降低数据传输的延迟，这对于实时通信和高要求的业务场景非常有益。 3. **带宽管理**：标准可能包括改进的带宽分配策略，以确保资源的有效利用，尤其是在网络拥塞时。 4. **物理层增强**：可能涉及更高阶调制方式、更高效的编码方案，以及针对桥接环境的特殊天线技术和多输入多输出（MIMO）技术的优化。 5. **网络可靠性**：802.11ak 可能包含了增强错误检测和纠正机制，以及故障恢复策略，以提高网络的稳定性和可用性。 6. **兼容性与互操作性**：作为 802.11 家族的一部分，802.11ak 必须与现有标准和设备兼容，这意味着它将定义一套接口和协议，使得新旧设备能够无缝协作。 7. **安全性和隐私**：标准可能涵盖安全增强措施，如加密和身份验证，以保护桥接网络的数据传输不受干扰。 8. **测试和评估**：为了确保实施这些改进，可能会定义新的性能指标和测试方法，以便制造商和网络管理员可以验证 802.11ak 设备和配置是否符合标准。 IEEE Std 802.11ak™-2018 代表了无线局域网技术的一个重要进展，它提供了针对桥接网络环境的特定增强，以提升网络的性能、可靠性和效率。这份标准对于设计、开发和维护无线网络的专业人士来说，是不可或缺的参考材料。

Annex B (normative) Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS) proforma......................... 81

B.4 PICS proforma—IEEE Std 802.11-2016........................................................................... 81

Annex C (normative) ASN.1 encoding of the MAC and PHY MIB............................................................. 82

C.3 MIB detail .......................................................................................................................... 82

Annex M (informative) EPD and LPD headers and the iIntegration function .............................................. 88

M.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................ 88

M.2 Ethernet V2.0/IEEE 802.3 LAN iIntegration function header conversions ...................... 88

M.3 ExampleA-MSDU subframes ............................................................................................ 89

M.4 Integration service versus bridging.................................................................................... 90

Annex N (informative) AP functional description ........................................................................................ 92

N.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................ 92

Annex R (informative) Interworking with external networks ....................................................................... 93

R.3 QoS mapping guidelines for interworking with external networks................................... 93

Annex X (informative) Link rate considerations........................................................................................... 95

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Tables

Table 9-3—To/From DS combinations in Data frames................................................................................. 50

Table 9-22—BlockAckReq frame variant encoding ..................................................................................... 51

Table 9-24—BlockAck frame variant encoding............................................................................................ 52

Table 9-26—Address field contents .............................................................................................................. 55

Table 9-26a—SYNRA Type field encoding ................................................................................................. 56

Table 9-29—Association Request frame body .............................................................................................. 58

Table 9-30—Association Response frame body ........................................................................................... 59

Table 9-31—Reassociation Request frame body........................................................................................... 59

Table 9-32—Reassociation Response frame body ........................................................................................ 59

Table 9-46—Status codes .............................................................................................................................. 60

Table 9-47—Category values ........................................................................................................................ 61

Table 9-77—Element IDs.............................................................................................................................. 61

Table 9-78—BSS membership selector value encoding ............................................................................... 61

Table 9-135—Extended Capabilities field .................................................................................................... 62

Table 9-262ag—GLK-GCR Retransmission Policy subfield........................................................................ 63

Table 9-421ag—GLK Action field values..................................................................................................... 64

Table 9-421ah—GLK Groupcast Mode Change Notification frame format................................................. 64

Table M-1—IEEE 802.11 integration service STT ....................................................................................... 88

Table M-2—Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 to IEEE 802.11 translation ..................................................................... 89

Table M-3—IEEE 802.11 to Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 translation ..................................................................... 89

Table M-1—EPD and LPD MSDU headers.................................................................................................. 89

Table R-3a—Suggested default priority code point to UP mapping ............................................................. 93

Table R-4—Suggested default UP to priority code point mapping............................................................... 94

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Figures

Figure 4-13a—Example of GLK IBSS or PBSS ........................................................................................... 24

Figure 4-13b—Example of infrastructure BSS with general links................................................................ 26

Figure 4-13c—Example of an ESS and extended network with general links.............................................. 27

Figure 5-1—MAC data plane architecture .................................................................................................... 32

Figure 5-2—MAC data plane architecture (transparent FST) .......................................................................33

Figure 5-3—Role-specific behavior for a non-GLK non-AP STA ............................................................... 34

Figure 5-4—Role-specific behavior for a non-GLK AP ............................................................................... 34

Figure 5-7—S1G relay data plane architecture ............................................................................................. 34

Figure 5-8—Role-specific behavior block for a GLK STA ..........................................................................35

Figure 5-9—Role-specific behavior block for a mixed-mode GLK AP........................................................ 35

Figure 5-10—Role-specific behavior block for a GLK mesh STA............................................................... 36

Figure 9-27—BAR Control field................................................................................................................... 51

Figure 9-33—BA Control field...................................................................................................................... 52

Figure 9-38a—BA Information field format (GLK-GCR BlockAck)........................................................... 53

Figure 9-53—Data frame............................................................................................................................... 54

Figure 9-53a—Format of an RA field carrying a SYNRA............................................................................56

Figure 9-53b—Basic SYNRA Control subfield ............................................................................................ 56

Figure 9-68—Capability Information field (non-DMG STA)....................................................................... 60

Figure 9-69—Capability Information field (DMG STA) .............................................................................. 60

Figure 9-504—DMG STA Capability Information field format ................................................................... 62

Figure 9-589ds—GLK-GCR Parameter Set element format......................................................................... 63

Figure 9-589dt—GLK-GCR Parameters field format ................................................................................... 63

Figure M-1—EPD BPDU subframe .............................................................................................................. 90

Figure M-2—EPD VLAN tagged IPv4 subframe ......................................................................................... 90

Figure M-3—EPD VLAN tagged IS-IS subframe ........................................................................................ 90

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IEEE Std 802.11ak-2018

IEEE Standard for Information technology—Local and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirements—

Part 11: Wireless LAN MAC and PHY Specifications—

Amendment 4: Enhancements for Transit Links Within Bridged Networks

IEEE Standard for Information technology—

Telecommunications and information exchange between systems 

Local and metropolitan area networks—

Specific requirements

Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control

(MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications

Amendment 4: Enhancements for Transit Links

Within Bridged Networks

(This amendment is based on IEEE Std 802.11™-2016 as amended by IEEE Std 802.11ai™-2016,

IEEE

Std 802.11ah™-2016, and IEEE Std 802.11aj™-2018.)

NOTE—The editing instructions contained in this amendment define how to merge the material contained here into the

base document and its other amendments to form the new comprehensive standard.

Editing instructions are shown bold italic. Four editing instructions are used: change, delete, insert, and replace. Change

is used to make corrections in existing text or tables. The editing instruction specifies the location of the change and

describes what is being changed by using either strikethrough (to remove old material) or underscore (to add new

material). Delete removes existing material. Insert adds new material without disturbing the existing material. Insertions

may require renumbering. If so, renumbering instructions are given in the editing instruction. Replace is used to make

large changes in existing text, subclauses, tables, or figures by removing existing material and replacing it with new

material. Editorial notes will not be carried over into future editions because the changes will be incorporated into the

base standard.

1. Overview

1.3 Supplementary information on purpose

Insert the following item at the end of the dashed list in 1.3:

— Defines the mechanisms for communications over the wireless medium used as a link in an

IEEE

802.1Q™ bridged network.

Notes in text, tables, and figures are given for information only and do not contain requirements needed to implement the standard.

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IEEE Std 802.11ak-2018

IEEE Standard for Information technology—Local and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirements—

Part 11: Wireless LAN MAC and PHY Specifications—

Amendment 4: Enhancements for Transit Links Within Bridged Networks

2. Normative references

Insert the following normative reference into Clause 2 in alphanumeric order:

IEEE Std 802.1AC™-2016, IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks—Media Access

Control (MAC) Service Definition.

3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations

3.1 Definitions

Change the following definition in 3.1 as shown:

distribution system access function (DSAF): A function within an access point (AP) or mesh gate that

uses the medium access control (MAC) service and distribution system service (DSS) to provide access

between the distribution system (DS) and the wireless medium (WM).

Within a general link (GLK) AP or

GLK mesh station (STA), the DSAF also switches GLK traffic to the GLK convergence function and from

there to the IEEE 802.1Q bridge port.

3.2 Definitions specific to IEEE Std 802.11

Insert the following definitions into 3.2 in alphabetic order:

attached bridge: An IEEE 802.1Q bridge that has one or more bridge port Enhanced Internal Sublayer

Service (EISS) interfaces supported by general links (GLKs) provided by a GLK access point (AP), GLK

non-AP station (STA), GLK mesh STA, or GLK independent basic service set (IBSS) STA.

general link (GLK): A point-to-point connection between two instances of the IEEE 802.1D Internal

Sublayer Service that uses an IEEE 802.11 wireless link between stations (STAs). A general link is suitable

for use in an IEEE 802.1Q bridged network.

general link (GLK) convergence function: The convergence function defined in IEEE Std 802.1AC

between an IEEE 802.11 medium access control (MAC) and an IEEE 802.1Q bridge.

general link groupcast with retries (GLK-GCR): A variant of GCR that specifies the use of GCR for

general link.

general link (GLK) station (STA): A STA that implements GLK functionality.

Change the following definition in 3.2 as shown:

medium access control (MAC) service tuple: The collection of a MAC service data unit (MSDU) along

with the

associated source address, destination addresses, priority, and service class, optional set of

service_access_point_identifiers, and optional indication of whether the supplied associated with the MSDU

is in EtherType Protocol Discrimination (EPD) or Logical link control (LLC) Protocol Discrimination

(LPD) format, which are all passed as parameters across the MAC service access point (SAP) and are all

except the service_access_point_identifiers delivered across the distribution system between access points

(APs), mesh gates, and the portal of an extended service set (ESS).

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