Java Web服务开发：安全架构与实现

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"Developing Java Web Services" 是一本由Ramesh Nagappan, Robert Skoczylas和Rima Patel Sriganesh合著的开发者指南，专注于使用Java平台设计和开发Web服务。这本书包含了丰富的知识和详细的学习资料，涵盖了Web服务的概念、技术以及实践技巧，特别关注Java Web Services Developer Pack (JWSDP)的深入探讨。同时，它还从基础开始讲解Web服务，旨在帮助读者理解和构建安全的Web服务。在Java Web服务开发中，关键知识点包括： 1. **Web服务基础**：书中首先介绍了Web服务的基本概念，如SOAP（简单对象访问协议）、WSDL（Web服务描述语言）和UDDI（统一描述、发现和集成）。这些是构建Web服务的基石，使得不同系统间可以进行互操作性通信。 2. **Java Web Services Developer Pack (JWSDP)**：JWSDP是Java社区提供的一套工具和API，用于简化Java平台上的Web服务开发。它包含了诸如JAX-WS（Java API for XML Web Services）等组件，用于创建和消费Web服务。 3. **JAX-WS**：JAX-WS是Java标准版的一部分，用于生成和处理SOAP消息。它提供了基于注解的API，使得开发者可以轻松地将Java方法转换为Web服务操作。 4. **安全性**：书中的重点之一是构建安全的Web服务，包括认证、授权、数据加密和完整性保护。这通常涉及SSL/TLS协议、WS-Security标准以及如何使用Java EE安全框架来保护Web服务。 5. **Web服务架构**：书中可能讨论了面向服务的架构（SOA），解释了如何设计松耦合、可重用的服务，并强调了服务之间的互操作性和版本控制。 6. **开发流程**：从设计到部署的整个Web服务生命周期管理可能会被详细阐述，包括服务接口设计、编码、测试、部署和监控。 7. **实例与最佳实践**：作者可能会提供实际示例和案例研究，展示如何使用Java技术实现Web服务，同时分享最佳实践和陷阱避免策略。 8. **工具支持**：除了理论知识，书中还可能介绍了一些常用的开发工具，如Eclipse、NetBeans或IntelliJ IDEA中的Web服务插件，以及Maven或Gradle等构建工具的使用。 9. **调试与测试**：调试Web服务接口和处理异常是开发过程中的重要环节，书中可能涵盖了如何使用各种工具和方法来调试和测试Web服务。 10. **性能优化**：考虑到性能对任何服务的重要性，书中可能包含如何优化Web服务响应时间、减少网络延迟和提高并发处理能力的策略。 “Developing Java Web Services”是一本全面的指南，适合希望深入了解Java平台Web服务开发的开发者，无论他们是初学者还是有经验的专业人士，都能从中受益。通过阅读此书，读者不仅可以掌握Web服务的核心概念和技术，还能学习到如何构建健壮且安全的Web服务解决方案。

“The big Web Services story is the end-to-end,

side-to-side integration of technology.”

James Gosling,

The father of Java Platform

In this age of Internet, the success of the Web-based applications played a

vital role in moving our businesses from brick-and-mortar infrastructures

to 24 × 7 online businesses running on different systems and locations. As

a next evolutionary step, Web services are a new breed of Web-based appli-

cations that address the new phenomenon of building a general-purpose

platform for creating efficient integration among business processes, appli-

cations, enterprises, partners, customers, and so on. Web services are the

next evolution phase of distributed computing, based on XML standards

and Internet protocols. Web services provide a promising mechanism for

communication and collaboration among business applications, which

were constructed using various resources, that enables them to work

together regardless of their differences in their underlying implementa-

tion.

This book is a developer’s guide for designing and developing Web ser-

vices using a Java platform. It bundles together a wealth of knowledge and

detailed study materials, focusing on concepts, technologies, and practical

techniques for implementing and deploying Web services. It combines the

Web services vision of the Java community by providing in-depth coverage

of the Java Web Services Developer Pack (JWSDP). In addition, this book

also addresses the fundamentals of Web services from the ground up.

Introduction

Part One, “Evolution and Emergence of Web Services.” Introduces the

reader to Web services by taking a evolutionary journey of distrib-

uted computing and the emergence of Web services, and then it

devotes an exclusive overview on Web services, addressing its moti-

vation, characteristics, industry standards and technologies, strate-

gies and solutions, and its benefits and limitations.

Chapter 1, “Evolution of Distributed Computing.” The background

of distributed computing and the evolution of Internet-enabled

technologies is explored in the first chapter. Here, we will examine

the definition and reasons for using distributed computing and the

core distributed computing technologies.

Chapter 2, “Introduction to Web Services.” This chapter presents an

introduction to Web services, especially focusing on the definition

of Web services, the standards and technologies that the services

use, and the benefits of using these services.

Part Two, “Web Services Architecture and Technologies.” This section

walks through the different Web services standards and technologies

such as SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI with real-world examples. It fea-

tures an in-depth coverage of the Web services architecture on a J2EE

implementation model, with example illustrations showing how to

expose enterprise applications to Web services. It also demonstrates

an interoperability scenario with non-Java based Web services.

Chapter 3, “Building the Web Services Architecture.” This chapter

focuses on the Web services architecture, its core building blocks,

implementation models, and deployment processes for building

Web services-based application solutions. In addition, this chapter

illustrates, using an example, the development of a complete Web

services solution, exposing J2EE applications as services over the

Internet.

Chapter 4, “Developing Web services using SOAP.” This chapter

provides an in-depth discussion on SOAP and its role in develop-

ing Web services. It covers the W3C definition of SOAP’s stan-

dards, conventions, messages, communication models, and

implementation of SOAP-based applications for Web services. In

addition, the chapter also includes example illustrations of adopt-

ing different SOAP communication models in Web services.

Chapter 5, “Description and Discovery of Web Services.” This

chapter explains two important Web services specifications: WSDL

and UDDI. It provides a detailed explanation on the important

Introduction xvii

aspects of a WSDL specification and examples of using WSDL tools

within Web services development. UDDI specification also is cov-

ered in great detail, complete with practical examples on working

with UDDI registries. This chapter also covers issues with the cur-

rent WSDL and UDDI technologies.

Chapter 6, “Creating .NET Interoperability.” This chapter discusses

the Web services interoperability scenarios, challenges, and issues.

It also illustrates a full-featured interoperability example that

involves Java and Microsoft .NET environments.

Part Three, “Exploring Java Web Services Developer Pack (JWSDP).”

This section exclusively focuses on Java APIs for Web services: JAXP,

JAXB, JAXM, JAX-RPC, and JAX-R, and their reference implementa-

tion on JWSDP. This section provides complete example illustrations

and developer essentials for implementing and deploying Java-based

Web services on JWSDP. It also includes a special chapter that illus-

trates a case study demonstrating a real-world Web services imple-

mentation using JWSDP.

Chapter 7, “Introduction to the Java Web Services Developer Pack.”

This chapter introduces the reader to the Java Web Services Devel-

oper Pack (JWSDP) 1.0. It covers the Java XML Pack APIs and pro-

vides an overview of the runtime environment and tools used for

building, deploying, and testing Web services applications.

Chapter 8, “XML Processing and Data Binding with Java APIs.”

This chapter discusses the Java API for XML Processing (JAXP)

and Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB). It provides an

overview of XML, DTD, and W3C XML Schema and then provides

a walkthrough of the various techniques used for processing XML

data. The chapter also covers the Simple API for XML (SAX), Doc-

ument Object Model (DOM), and eXtensible Stylesheet transforma-

tions (XSLT). For completeness, it also dedicates a section on data

binding using JAXB.

Chapter 9, “XML Messaging Using JAXM and SAAJ.” This chapter

discusses the Java API for XML messaging (JAXM) and SOAP with

Attachment API for Java (SAAJ). It covers the JAXM/SAAJ-based

application architecture, an API programming model, and deploy-

ment. It also includes example illustrations of using JAXM and

SAAJ APIs.

Chapter 10, “Building RPC Web Services with JAX-RPC.” This

chapter discusses the Java API for XML RPC (Remote procedural

call) for developing RPC-based Web services. It also covers the

xviii Introduction

JAX-RPC application architecture, an API programming model,

deployment, and its different client Invocation models. It also

includes example illustrations using JAX-RPC and demonstrates

the different client invocations.

Chapter 11, “Java API for XML Registries.” This chapter provides

detailed information on the Java API for XML Registry (JAXR)

specification from the Java Community Process (JCP). It also dis-

cusses the various aspects of JAXR in terms of its classification sup-

port, association support, connection management, life cycle

management, and querying capabilities. Also provided with this

chapter is the discussion on the various JAXR examples about

working with UDDI registries.

Chapter 12, “Using theJava Web Services Developer Pack: Case

Study.” This chapter focuses on implementing a complete Web ser-

vices solution using the Java Web Services Developer Pack

(JWSDP) 1.0. It puts together all of the JWSDP-based APIs covered

in this book to demonstrate a working Web services example.

Part Four, “Security in Web Services.” This section covers Web services

security concepts and various security standards and technologies. In

addition, it illustrates real-world Web services security implementa-

tion scenarios on XML Encryption, XML Signature, and SAML-based

Single Sign-On.

Chapter 13, “Web Services Security.” This chapter provides great

details on the issues revolving around Web services security, which

is followed by a discussion on each of the five major Web services

security technologies: XML Encryption, XML Signature, XML Key

Management Services (XKMS) , Security Assertions Markup Lan-

guage (SAML), and XML Access Control Markup Language

(XACML). It also provides good examples of using tools for secur-

ing Web services through XML Encryption and XML Signature

technologies. In addition, the chapter provides a hypothetical use

case study of applying SAML for achieving Single Sign-On.

Part Five, “Web Services Strategies and Solutions.” This section intro-

duces the reader to the Sun ONE initiative and provides information on

Sun ONE tools and platform servers for implementing Web services.

Chapter 14, “Introduction to Sun ONE.” This chapter aims at intro-

ducing the Sun ONE platform technologies and products. It also

provides some brief information on the Sun ONE product stack,

including its tools and platform servers. In addition, it also intro-

duces ebXML technologies.

Introduction xix

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