Python3.x核心编程：通用应用与Web开发深度解析

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"Python核心编程第三版是针对Python 3.x版本的一本全面教程，涵盖了从基础应用到网络开发的广泛主题。书籍分为两大部分，第一部分主要关注通用应用程序话题，包括正则表达式、网络编程、互联网客户端编程、多线程、图形用户界面（GUI）编程、数据库编程以及微软办公室的编程接口。第二部分则专注于Web开发，讲解了Web客户端与服务器、CGI和WSGI编程、Django Web框架、Google App Engine云计算以及Web服务和文本处理等。书中以简洁深入的细节、全面的内容覆盖和丰富的历史参考著称，适合课堂教学和自学。" 在Python 3.x核心编程这本书中，读者将学习： 1. 正则表达式：了解如何使用Python的re模块来匹配、查找、替换文本模式，从而进行数据提取和验证。 2. 网络编程：包括套接字编程，学习如何创建TCP/IP和UDP通信，以及如何处理并发连接。 3. 互联网客户端编程：涉及HTTP、FTP等协议的使用，以及如何下载和上传文件。 4. 多线程编程：学习线程的创建、同步和管理，以及如何在Python中处理并发任务。 5. GUI编程：通过Python的Tkinter库或其他第三方库如wxPython或PyQt，学习构建跨平台的图形用户界面。 6. 数据库编程：介绍如何使用Python与各种数据库系统交互，如SQLite、MySQL、PostgreSQL等，以及ORM（对象关系映射）工具如SQLAlchemy。 7. 编程Microsoft Office：探讨如何利用Python与Microsoft Office套件（如Excel、Word）集成，实现自动化办公任务。 8. 扩展Python：学习如何编写C语言扩展模块，以提升Python代码的性能。 9. Web客户端与服务器：理解Web的工作原理，学习创建简单的HTTP客户端和服务器。 10. CGI和WSGI编程：了解如何使用Python实现Web服务器网关接口（WSGI），以及CGI脚本的编写。 11. Django Web框架：深入学习Django，包括模型、视图、模板和URL路由，以及表单和用户认证。 12. Google App Engine：掌握在Google的云平台上开发和部署Web应用的技能。 13. Web服务：学习如何使用RESTful API和SOAP，以及XML和JSON数据交换格式。 14. 文本处理：涵盖自然语言处理、正则表达式在文本分析中的应用，以及处理文本文件的方法。 15. 其他：书中还包括一些杂项主题，可能涉及Python的高级特性、调试技巧和优化方法。这本书得到了业界专家的高度评价，被认为是学习Python 3.x的优秀教材，无论对于初学者还是有经验的开发者，都能从中获益匪浅。通过详细的学习，读者不仅可以掌握Python的基础，还能深入到高级应用和Web开发领域，提升自己的编程能力。

ptg7615500

PREFACE

Welcome to the Third Edition of Core Python

Applications Programming!

We are delighted that you have engaged us to help you learn Python as

quickly and as deeply as possible. The goal of the Core Python series of

books is not to just teach developers the Python language; we want you

you to develop enough of a personal knowledge base to be able to develop

software in any application area.

In our other Core Python offerings, Core Python Programming and Core

Python Language Fundamentals, we not only teach you the syntax of the

Python language, but we also strive to give you in-depth knowledge of

how Python works under the hood. We believe that armed with this

knowledge, you will write more effective Python applications, whether

you’re a beginner to the language or a journeyman (or journeywoman!).

Upon completion of either or any other introductory Python books, you

might be satisfied that you have learned Python and learned it well. By

completing many of the exercises, you’re probably even fairly confident in

your newfound Python coding skills. Still, you might be left wondering,

“Now what? What kinds of applications can I build with Python?” Per-

haps you learned Python for a work project that’s constrained to a very

narrow focus. “What else can I build with Python?”

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xvi Preface

About this Book

In Core Python Applications Programming, you will take all the Python

knowledge gained elsewhere and develop new skills, building up a toolset

with which you’ll be able to use Python for a variety of general applica-

tions. These advanced topics chapters are meant as intros or “quick dives”

into a variety of distinct subjects. If you’re moving toward the specific

areas of application development covered by any of these chapters, you’ll

likely discover that they contain more than enough information to get you

pointed in the right direction. Do not expect an in-depth treatment because

that will detract from the breadth-oriented treatment that this book is

designed to convey.

Like all other Core Python books, throughout this one, you will find

many examples that you can try right in front of your computer. To ham-

mer the concepts home, you will also find fun and challenging exercises at

the end of every chapter. These easy and intermediate exercises are meant

to test your learning and push your Python skills. There simply is no sub-

stitute for hands-on experience. We believe you should not only pick up

Python programming skills but also be able to master them in as short a

time period as possible.

Because the best way for you to extend your Python skills is through

practice, you will find these exercises to be one of the greatest strengths of

this book. They will test your knowledge of chapter topics and definitions

as well as motivate you to code as much as possible. There is no substitute

for improving your skills more effectively than by building applications.

You will find easy, intermediate, and difficult problems to solve. It is also

here that you might need to write one of those “large” applications that

many readers wanted to see in the book, but rather than scripting

them—which frankly doesn’t do you all that much good—you gain by

jumping right in and doing it yourself. Appendix A, “Answers to Selected

Exercises,” features answers to selected problems from each chapter. As

with the second edition, you’ll find useful reference tables collated in

Appendix B, “Reference Tables.”

I’d like to personally thank all readers for your feedback and encourage-

ment. You’re the reason why I go through the effort of writing these books.

I encourage you to keep sending your feedback and help us make a fourth

edition possible, and even better than its predecessors!

ptg7615500

xviii Preface

The Author and Python

I discovered Python over a decade ago at a company called Four11. At the

time, the company had one major product, the Four11.com White Page

directory service. Python was being used to design its next product: the

Rocketmail Web-based e-mail service that would eventually evolve into

what today is Yahoo! Mail.

It was fun learning Python and being on the original Yahoo! Mail engi-

neering team. I helped re-design the address book and spell checker. At

the time, Python also became part of a number of other Yahoo! sites,

including People Search, Yellow Pages, and Maps and Driving Directions,

just to name a few. In fact, I was the lead engineer for People Search.

Although Python was new to me then, it was fairly easy to pick

up—much simpler than other languages I had learned in the past. The

scarcity of textbooks at the time led me to use the Library Reference and

Quick Reference Guide as my primary learning tools; it was also a driving

motivation for the book you are reading right now.

Since my days at Yahoo!, I have been able to use Python in all sorts of

interesting ways at the jobs that followed. In each case, I was able to har-

ness the power of Python to solve the problems at hand, in a timely man-

ner. I have also developed several Python courses and have used this book

to teach those classes—truly eating my own dogfood.

Not only are the Core Python books great learning devices, but they’re

also among the best tools with which to teach Python. As an engineer, I

know what it takes to learn, understand, and apply a new technology. As a

professional instructor, I also know what is needed to deliver the most effective

sessions for clients. These books provide the experience necessary to be able

to give you real-world analogies and tips that you cannot get from some-

one who is “just a trainer” or “just a book author.”

What to Expect of the Writing Style:

Technical, Yet Easy Readi n g

Rather than being strictly a “beginners” book or a pure, hard-core com-

puter science reference book, my instructional experience has taught me

that an easy-to-read, yet technically oriented book serves the purpose the

best, which is to get you up to speed on Python as quickly as possible so

that you can apply it to your tasks posthaste. We will introduce concepts

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Preface xix

coupled with appropriate examples to expedite the learning process. At the

end of each chapter you will find numerous exercises to reinforce some of

the concepts and ideas acquired in your reading.

We are thrilled and humbled to be compared with Bruce Eckel’s writing

style (see the reviews to the first edition at the book’s Web site, http://

corepython.com). This is not a dry college textbook. Our goal is to have a

conversation with you, as if you were attending one of my well-received

Python training courses. As a lifelong student, I constantly put myself in

my student’s shoes and tell you what you need to hear in order to learn

the concepts as quickly and as thoroughly as possible. You will find read-

ing this book fast and easy, without losing sight of the technical details.

As an engineer, I know what I need to tell you in order to teach you a

concept in Python. As a teacher, I can take technical details and boil them

down into language that is easy to understand and grasp right away. You

are getting the best of both worlds with my writing and teaching styles,

but you will enjoy programming in Python even more.

Thus, you’ll notice that even though I’m the sole author, I use the “third-

person plural” writing structure; that is to say, I use verbiage such as “we”

and “us” and “our,” because in the grand scheme of this book, we’re all in

this together, working toward the goal of expanding the Python program-

ming universe.

About This Third Edition

At the time the first edition of this book was published, Python was enter-

ing its second era with the release of version 2.0. Since then, the language

has undergone significant improvements that have contributed to the

overall continued success, acceptance, and growth in the use of the lan-

guage. Deficiencies have been removed and new features added that bring

a new level of power and sophistication to Python developers worldwide.

The second edition of the book came out in 2006, at the height of Python’s

ascendance, during the time of its most popular release to date, 2.5.

The second edition was released to rave reviews and ended up outsell-

ing the first edition. Python itself had won numerous accolades since that

time as well, including the following:

• Tiobe (www.tiobe.com)

– Language of the Year (2007, 2010)

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