2010年SENT协议修订：满足IEC标准与新特性

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"SENT标准，全称为SingleEdgeNibbleTransmission for Automotive Applications，是一项专为汽车行业设计的数据通信协议，最初发布于2007年4月，后续在2010年进行了一次重要的修订版本。此次修订的主要目标是满足新的电磁兼容（EMC）标准IEC 62132-4，以确保在车辆电子系统中的可靠通信。 1. 修订依据：修订基于来自生产厂商的反馈，对先前版本进行了优化，旨在提高实际应用中的性能和可靠性。 2. EMC标准兼容性：新版本的SENT协议增强了对EMC标准的支持，以减少干扰和信号失真，确保在复杂电磁环境中数据传输的稳定性。 3. 新增功能： - 可选暂停脉冲：为了更好地控制数据流，添加了可选的暂停脉冲，使得通信更加灵活。 - 增强串行消息：定义了一个新的增强型串行消息，作为原始短串行数据消息的替代方案，提供更高的数据承载能力和处理效率。 4. 诊断与修复：关于连续校准脉冲的比较，提供了更清晰的诊断指南和应急修复措施，确保在数据传输过程中出现问题时能够迅速定位并解决。 5. 4-bit校验和计算：推荐修改了校验和计算方法，增加了处理零 nibble 的步骤，这有助于防止常见的数据最后一位错误和校验和错误。原有的CRC（循环冗余校验）方法仍作为备选方案，供那些根据旧版SENT规范开发的设计使用。 6. 电源兼容性：为了支持3.3V系统，新版本引入了推荐的电路拓扑，所有新传感器应采用这种设计，而旧拓扑仍然保留，供现有设备兼容。 2010年的SENT标准修订版不仅提升了技术性能，还考虑到了实际应用中的各种需求和挑战，旨在提供一个更强大、更适应现代汽车电子环境的通信协议。对于所有涉及SENT协议的车辆电子系统设计者来说，理解和遵循这些新规定至关重要，以确保系统的稳定性和数据传输的安全性。"

SAE

J2716

Revised

JAN2010

Page

SENT

Reserved

(Spec.

Appl.)

Serial

Communication

Nibble

Receive

No.

Serial

Data

(bit

#3)

Serial

Data

(bit

#2)

7 8

bit

(74)

bit

(SO)

bit

(SO)

bit

data

12-

bit

data

field

One

serial

message

composed

SENT

consecutive

error-fee

messages.

FIGURE

5.2.4.2-1

CONSTRUCTION

ENHANCED

SERIAL

DATA

MESSAGE

FROM

SENT

MESSAGES

All

data

(data

field,

message

and

CRC)

that

transmitted

the

serial

message

channel

sent

the

order

MSB

(most

significant

bit)

LSB

(least

significant

bit).

The

mapping

and

the

order

the

data

bits,

the

message

ID,

the

configuration

bit

and

the

CRC

detailed

Figure

5.2.4.2-2

for

the

configuration

12-bit

data

8-bit

and

5.2.4.2-3

for

the

configuration

16-bit

data

and

4-bit

ID.

Configuration

bit

8-bit

message

Sb)

flfth

'ffifei

mSi

Serial

Communication

Nibble

Receive

No.

Serial

Data

(bit

Serial

Data

(bit

6-bit

CRC

•■•■

bi:

16 17 18

12-bit

data

field

(MSB)

D10

D4 D3

(LSB)

6-bit

CRC

12-bit

data

FIGURE

5.2.4.2-2

ENHANCED

SERIAL

MESSAGE

FORMAT

WITH

12-BIT

DATA

FIELD

AND

8-BIT

MESSAGE

SAE

J2716

Revised

JAN2010

Page

The

6-bit

CRC

polynomial

xA6+x*4+xA3+l

allows

detect

all

bit,

2-bit, 3-bit,

5-bit

errors.

The

number

undetected

bit

errors

depends

the

number

message

data

bits

shown

the

Table

5.2.4.3-1.

TABLE

5.2.4.3-1

UNDETECTED

AND

BIT

ERRORS

Message

Data

bit

error

detection

frame

bits

and

Number

undetected

3-bit

errors

Number

undetected

bit

errors

365

208

The

number

possible

4-bit

error

patterns

The

percentage

undetected

4-bit

errors

approximately

3.4%.

The

three

serial

data

bits

frames

No.

and

are

known

zero.

any

the

three

serial

data

bits

nibbles

No.

7,13

and

differs

from

zero,

the

frame

shall

considered

erroneous.

This

reduces

the

number

undetected

4-bit

errors

from

365

208.

The

CRC

checksum

can

implemented

via

bit-wise

exclusive

with

array

lookup.

The

checksum

determined

reading-in

6-bit

groups

(in

decimal

representation)

the

24-bit

message

data

sequence,

and

then

checksumming

the

result

with

extra

zero

value

(augmentation

six

0-bits).

example

MATLAB

implementation

is:

Table-based

CRC

generation

with

Matlab

24-bit

message

data

6-bit

(Attention:

Difference

4-bit

nibbles)

CRC

table

for

poly

0x59

(xA6+xA4+xA3+l)

Seed

0x15

(21)

crc6

table

[

• •

. .

];

CheckSum64

=21;

initialize

checksum

for

1=1:4

CheckSum64

bitxor(uint8(data(I)),

uint8(crc6_table(CheckSum64+l)));

end

checksum

with

extra

"0"

value

(message

augmented

six

zeros)

CheckSum64

bitxor(uint8(0)

uint8(crc6_table(CheckSum64+l)));

Examples

the

CRC

computation

are

given

Appendix

B.2.

5.2.5

Checksum

Nibble

See

5.4.

5.2.6

Pause

Pulse

(Optional)

The

SENT

transmission

may

optionally

contain

extra

fill

pulse

which

transmitted

after

the

checksum

nibble.

For

example,

this

pulse

can

used

create

SENT

transmission

with

constant

number

clock

ticks.

implemented,

the

pause

pulse

shall

have

the

following

properties:

Minimum

Length

ticks

(equivalent

nibble with

value)

Maximum

Length

768

ticks

256)

For

message

with

data

nibbles,

the

minimum

constant

length

SENT

message

would

282

ticks

(assuming

correct

checksum

calculation)

for

pause

pulses

range

ticks

128

ticks.

maximum

message

length

less

than

1ms

desired

then

the

transmitter

clock

tolerance

must

decreased

(-20%,

+18%)

(see

Table

6.2.1-1).

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