想象手握力与速度调节大脑活动：NIRS-EEG分类研究

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"这篇研究论文探讨了通过将近红外光谱(NIRS)与脑电图(EEG)相结合，如何从感觉运动区域同步获取大脑活动信号，以研究想象中的手握紧力和速度如何调节大脑活动。研究使用NIRS探头与C3和C4电极对齐，中间放置EEG电极，对6名健康受试者在执行想象的右手握紧和伸展速度任务时的脑活动进行记录。结果表明，NIRS和EEG的联合使用能有效监测感觉运动区的大脑活动变化。尤其是在任务执行前后，HbO(血红蛋白氧合)呈现先负后正的变化趋势，而EEG信号则可能在任务准备、执行和监控过程中揭示神经处理情况。通过希尔伯特变换分析了EEG的瞬时相位、频率和幅度特征，提取了HbO和Hb浓度差异，这些特征被用于将想象的运动参数分为3个等级。该研究发表在《IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering》上，为未来基于神经反馈的康复和人机交互应用提供了新的见解。" 本文是关于神经科学和生物医学工程领域的研究，具体研究了非侵入性脑成像技术——NIRS与EEG的结合应用。通过这两种技术，研究人员能够观察到大脑在执行无实际动作的想象运动任务时的活动模式。研究重点是手部握紧力的想象和速度对大脑活动的影响，这对于理解大脑如何在没有实际肌肉运动的情况下处理运动指令至关重要。实验设计包括让受试者想象不同速度的握拳动作，期间记录NIRS和EEG数据。 NIRS是一种监测大脑血流量和氧气水平的技术，通过测量血液中氧合血红蛋白(HbO)和脱氧血红蛋白(Hb)的浓度变化来反映大脑活动。在这项研究中，HbO在任务开始时下降，然后上升，而在任务结束后的6-8秒出现正峰值，这可能反映了大脑在想象运动过程中的活动状态。而EEG则记录了大脑电活动，通过希尔伯特变换分析，揭示了在任务准备、执行和监控阶段的神经处理过程。结合NIRS和EEG的数据，研究人员成功地将想象的握紧力和速度分为三个不同的等级，这展示了这种混合方法在识别和分类大脑活动模式方面的潜力。这样的成果不仅有助于深化对大脑工作原理的理解，也为开发新的康复策略和人机交互技术提供了理论支持。例如，对于因神经系统疾病或损伤而无法实际移动的患者，这样的技术可能帮助他们通过思维控制外部设备，提高生活质量。

1534-4320 (c) 2016 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. See http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/index.html for more information.

This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI 10.1109/TNSRE.2016.2627809, IEEE

Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering

Fu et al.: IMAGINED HAND CLENCHING FORCE AND SPEED MODULATE BRAIN ACTIVITY AND ARE CLASSIFIED BY NIRS COMBINED WITH EEG

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Fig. 2. Positioning of NIRS probes and EEG electrodes for NIRS combined

with EEG. (a)

The electrode-optode arrangement surrounded by a red dashed

line for the recording region of the experiment. Labels 1, 2, and 3 indicate the

EEG electrode, near infrared emitting probe, and receiving probe, respectively.

(b) Schematic diagram of the round red hole position. (c) Schematic diagram of

the round blue hole position. The round red and blue hole positions for near

infrared probes were aligned with C3 for the simultaneous measurement of

EEG and NIRS. The round red and blue hole positions represent the drilling

hole positions on the EEG cap for near infrared probes. (d) The actual positions

of the EEG electrodes and the NIRS probes in the experiment.

and NIRS amplifier to achieve synchronous acquisition. The

cue signal for the EEG acquisition system (Neuroscan

SynAmps2, Charlotte, NC, USA) was sent by the parallel port,

and after 50 ms, the signal 0 was sent to reset. The trigger

signals were 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 (corresponding to the 6 motor

imagery tasks). The cue signal for the ETG-4000 (Hitachi

Medical Corporation, Tokyo Japan) was sent by the serial port

and its source was set on ETG-4000.The trigger signals were F1,

F2, F3, F4, F5, and F6 (also corresponding to the 6 motor

imagery tasks). In the experimental process, to reduce the time

difference between the above 2 cue signals, the trigger was first

sent to the ETG-4000 by the serial port and then to the

SynAmps by the parallel port. The time difference between the

2 triggers measured by the experiment was 1–2 ms, which was

in the acceptable range. Synchronous acquisition of EEG and

cerebral blood oxygen signal is shown in Fig. 3(a).

The data were recorded only when EEG and NIRS amplifiers

were activated and the subjects performed self-paced hand

clenching force and speed motor imagery according to a cue

provided by the timing of experiments. Extraction and analysis

of the data segments were based on the synchronized signal and

the timing of experiments.



LPT

1

COM1

PCpresenting

Cue

EEG

amplifier

NIRS

amplifier

PCrecordingand

processingEEG

PCrecordingand

processingNIRS

(a)

(b)

Fig. 3. The synchronous method and experimental setup for simultaneous

acquisition of brain signals by NIRS combined with EEG. (a) Synchronous

method for simultaneous acquisition of EEG and cerebral blood oxygenation

level signals during imagined force and speed of hand clenching. (b)

Experimental setup for simultaneous acquisition of EEG and NIRS from the

subject.

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