Slackbook 3.0：网页版Linux安装与入门指南

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《SlackBook 3.0》是一本关于 Slackware Linux 发行版的详尽指南，由官方于2012年11月28日更新。该版本旨在为初学者和Slackware用户提供全面的安装、配置以及基本操作的教程，帮助他们更好地理解和使用这个经典且轻量级的Linux发行版。 1. **入门与选择**: - 《SlackBook》介绍了为什么选择Slackware作为操作系统，强调了其简洁、稳定和易于管理的特点，与其他流行Linux发行版（如Ubuntu或Debian）相比，它可能更适合那些追求效率和低维护需求的用户。 2. **安装流程**: - 安装过程详细讲解了启动安装器、硬盘分区、设置程序等步骤。引导读者理解如何使用引导加载程序 LILO（Linux Loader），以及如何处理双启动环境，包括从硬盘驱动器进行启动。 3. **基础shell命令**: - 包括系统文档查阅、文件和目录操作（如列出内容、移动、创建与删除）、压缩工具（如zip、gzip、bzip2、XZ/LZMA、tar）的使用，以及阅读文档（如`more`和`less`）和链接管理。 4. **Bourne Again Shell（bash）**: - 着重讲解 shell 的概念，环境变量、通配符、自动补全、输入输出重定向，以及任务管理和终端操作。此外，还涉及定制化shell以满足用户的个性化需求。 5. **进程管理**: - 提供了对常用进程管理工具如`ps`、`kill`和`killall`的深入解释，以及对实时系统监控工具`top`的介绍，帮助用户掌握Linux系统的运行状态。《SlackBook 3.0》作为一本实用的Slackware参考手册，适合新用户学习和经验丰富的用户查阅。通过学习这本书，读者可以建立起坚实的Linux基础，并在日常操作和问题解决中得心应手。无论是初次接触Linux，还是想进一步熟悉Slackware的用户，都可以从中获益匪浅。

The Slack Book

http://slackbook.org/beta/[11/28/2012 11:29:45 PM]

Install

Finally we get to the meat of the installer. At this stage, Slackware will ask you what method to use to chose packages. If this is your first time installing

Slackware, the "full" method is highly recommended. Even if this isn't your first time, you'll probably want to use it anyway.

The "menu" and "expert" options allow you to choose individual packages to install and are of use to skilled users familiar with the OS. These methods allow

such users to quickly prune packages from the installer to build a very minimal system. If you don't know what you're doing (sometimes even if you do) you're

likely to leave out crucial pieces of software and end up with a broken system.

The "newbie" method can be very helpful to a new user, but takes a very long time to install. This method will install all the required packages, then prompt you

individually for every other package. The big advantage here is that is pauses and gives you a brief overview of the package contents. For a new user, this

introduction into what is included with Slackware can be informative. For most other users it is a long and tedious process.

The "custom" and "tagpath" options should only be used by people with the greatest skill and expertise with Slackware. These methods allow the user to install

packages from custom tagfiles. Tagfiles are only rarely used. We won't discuss them in this book.

Configure

Once all the packages are installed you're nearly finished. At this stage, Slackware will prompt you with a variety of configuration tasks for your new operating

system. Many of these are optional, but most users will need to set something up here. Depending on the packages you've installed, you may be offered different

configuration options than the ones shown here, but we've included all the really important ones.

The first thing you'll likely be prompted to do is setup a boot disk. In the past this was typically a 1.44MB floppy disk, but today's Linux kernel is far too large to

fit on a single floppy, so Slackware offers to create a bootable USB flash memory stick. Of course, your computer must support booting from USB in order to use

a USB boot stick (most modern computers do). If you do not intend to use LILO or another traditional boot loader, you should consider making a USB boot stick.

Please note that doing so will erase the contents of whatever memory stick you're using, so be careful.

The Slack Book

http://slackbook.org/beta/[11/28/2012 11:29:45 PM]

The next stage in configuring your install is the network configuration. If you don't wish to configure your network at this stage, you may decline, but otherwise

you'll be prompted to provide a hostname for your computer. If you're unsure what to do here, you might want to read through Chapter 14,

Networking first.

The following screens will prompt you first for a hostname, then for a domainname, such as example.org. The combination of the hostname and the domainname

can be used to navigate between computers in your network if you use an internal DNS service or maintain your

/etc/hosts file. If you skip setting up your

network, Slackware will name your computer "darkstar" after a song by the Grateful Dead.

You have three options when setting your IP address; you may assign it a static IP, use DHCP, or configure a loopback connection. The simplest option, and

probably the most common for laptops or computers on a basic network, is to let a DHCP server assign IP addresses dynamically. Unless you are installing

Slackware for use as a network server, you probably do not need to setup a static IP address. If you're not sure which of these options to choose, pick DHCP.

Rarely DHCP servers requires you specify a DHCP hostname before you're permitted to connect. You can enter this on the Set DHCP Hostname screen. This is

almost always be the same hostname you entered earlier.

If you choose to set a static IP address, Slackware will ask you to enter it along with the netmask, gateway IP address, and what nameserver to use.

The final screen during static IP address configuration is a confirmation screen, where you're permitted to accept your choices, edit them, or even restart the IP

address configuration in case you decide to use DHCP instead.

Once your network configuration is completed Slackware will prompt you to configure the startup services that you wish to run automatically upon boot. Helpful

descriptions of each service appear both to the right of the service name as well as at the bottom of the screen. If you're not sure what to turn on, you can safely

leave the defaults in place. What services are started at boot time can be easily modified later with pkgtool.

Every computer needs to keep track of the current time, and with so many timezones around the world you have to tell Slackware which one to use. If your

computer's hardware clock is set to UTC (Coordinated Universal Time), you'll need to select that; most hardware clocks are not set to UTC from the factory

(though you could set it that way on your own; Slackware doesn't care). Then simply select your timezone from the list provided and off you go.

If you installed the X disk set, you'll be prompted to select a default window manager or desktop environment. What you select here will apply to every user on

your computer, unless that user decides to run xwmconfig(1) and choose a different one. Don't be alarmed if the options you see below do not match the ones

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