Neo4j 3.5操作手册：安装、配置与管理

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Neo4j Operations Manual v3.5 是一份全面指南，针对 Neo4j 3.5 版本的高级操作和管理。Neo4j 是一个流行的高性能 NoSQL 图形数据库，它采用非关系型的数据模型，将数据组织成节点和边，形成图结构，这使得它在处理复杂的关系数据和网络分析时表现出色。社区版和企业版提供了不同的功能和服务。 **1. 版本介绍** - 社区版：面向开源用户，提供基本的功能和支持。 - 企业版：包含额外的企业级特性和服务，如更高的性能、安全性以及更专业的技术支持。 **2. 安装与配置** - **系统要求**：手册详细列出了安装 Neo4j 所需的操作系统兼容性，包括 Linux（Debian、RPM、SUSE）、Mac OS 和 Windows。 - Linux 安装：提供几种方式，包括 Debian 的 deb 软件包、RPM 包、tarball 文件、非交互式安装以及系统服务管理（自动启动、控制、日志）。 - MacOS 安装：提供 Unix 控制台应用、服务管理和文件描述符限制设置。 - Windows 安装：支持控制台应用、Windows 服务、Java 选项设置，以及 PowerShell 模块的管理。 - **Java选项**：强调了 Java 在 Windows 平台上正确配置的重要性，因为 Neo4j 是基于 Java 构建的。 **3. 动态管理** - **升级**：手册涵盖了如何升级 Neo4j 至新版本，确保平稳过渡并保持系统的稳定性。 - **文件位置**：介绍了不同操作系统中 Neo4j 文件和数据的默认存储路径，便于管理和维护。 - **服务管理**：无论是作为系统服务还是独立应用程序运行，都有详细的指导，包括设置服务数量限制和启动/停止服务。 **4. 帮助与支持** - **模块导入与帮助**：对于Windows用户，手册指导如何导入 PowerShell 模块并获取关于其使用的帮助，以便充分利用 Neo4j 的命令行工具。 Neo4j Operations Manual v3.5 是一本实用的指南，为 Neo4j 3.5 用户提供了从安装、配置到日常操作和故障排查的全面支持，无论你是开发者还是运维人员，都能从中找到所需的信息。这份文档不仅有助于初次接触者快速上手，也能帮助经验丰富的用户优化和扩展他们的 Neo4j 实施。

Minimum

• 10GB SATA

Recommended

• SSD w/ SATA Express, or NVMe

Filesystem

For proper ACID behavior, the filesystem must support flush (fsync, fdatasync). See Linux file system

tuning for a discussion on how to configure the filesystem in Linux for optimal performance.

Minimum

• EXT4 (or similar)

Recommended

• EXT4

• ZFS

Software

Neo4j Desktop includes a Java Virtual Machine, JVM, for convenience. All other versions of Neo4j

require Java to be pre-installed. The minimum requirement is the Java Runtime Environment, JRE.

The Java Development Kit, JDK, is required in order to run some commands of the Report tool. This is a

tool that lets you send logs and performance data to Neo4j Customer Success in a convenient way, in

case of a production issue. For this reason, JDK is recommended for all production environments that

allow it.

Java

• OpenJDK 8 [1: Zulu OpenJDK or a Debian distribution.]

• Oracle Java 8

• IBM Java 8



Java 11 is supported as a runtime platform, but any custom provided code should

remain Java 8 compatible.

Operating Systems

• Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, 14.04

• Debian 8, 9

• CentOS 6, 7

• Fedora

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.5

• SUSE

• Amazon Linux 2

• Windows Server 2012, 2016

Architectures

• x86

• OpenPOWER (POWER8)

• A Java 8 runtime is installed.

• The repository containing the Neo4j Debian package is known to the package manager.

Prerequisites (Debian 8 and Ubuntu 14.04 only)

Neo4j 3.5 requires the Java 8 runtime. Java 8 is not included in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS or Debian 8 (jessie)

and will have to be installed manually prior to installing or upgrading to Neo4j 3.5, as described below.

Debian users can find OpenJDK 8 in backports.

Java 8 on Debian 8

•

Add the line deb http://httpredir.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main to a file with the

".list" extension in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/. Then do apt-get update.

echo "deb http://httpredir.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main" | sudo tee -a

/etc/apt/sources.list.d/jessie-backports.list

sudo apt-get update

•

For Java 8 to install with Neo4j, first install the ca-certificates-java package:

sudo apt-get -t jessie-backports install ca-certificates-java

You are now ready to install Neo4j 3.5.4, which will install Java 8 automatically if it is not already

installed. See Dealing with multiple installed Java versions to make sure you can start Neo4j after

install.

Java 8 on Ubuntu 14.04

• Users on Ubuntu 14.04 can add Oracle Java 8 via WebUpd8. Note that when installing from

WebUpd8 or any other PPA, you must install Java 8 manually before installing Neo4j. Otherwise

there is a risk that Java 9 will be installed in, which is not compatible with Neo4j.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

• Once installed, see Dealing with multiple installed Java versions to make sure you can start Neo4j

after install.

Dealing with multiple installed Java versions

It is important that you configure your default Java version to point to Java 8, or Neo4j 3.5.4 will be

unable to start. Do so with the update-java-alternatives command.

•

First list all your installed version of Java with update-java-alternatives --list

Your results may vary, but this is an example of the output:

java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64 1071 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64

java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64 1069 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64

•

Identify your Java 8 version, in this case it is java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64. Then set it as the default

with (replacing <java8name> with the appropriate name from above)

1. Upgrade to Neo4j 3.2:

a. Migrate the configuration files.

The configuration files changed between Neo4j versions 2.3 and 3.2. If you have not edited the

configuration files, the Debian package will remove the files that are no longer necessary, and

replace the old default files with new default files.

If you have changed configuration values in your 2.3 installation, you can use the provided

config migration tool. Two arguments are provided to tell the config migrator where to find the

conf/ directory for the source and the destination. Both must be provided, due to the

filesystem layout of the Debian packages.

Because the Neo4j files and directories are owned by the neo4j user and adm group on Debian,

it is necessary to use sudo to make sure the permissions remain intact:

sudo -u neo4j -g adm java -jar /usr/share/neo4j/bin/tools/2.x-config-migrator.jar /var/lib/neo4j

/var/lib/neo4j

b. Import the Neo4j 2.3 database to Neo4j 3.2.

The location of the database changed between Neo4j versions 2.3 and 3.2. The Neo4j 2.3

databases will need to be imported to Neo4j 3.2. To do this, use the neo4j-admin import

command.

For example, to import a database called graph.db (the default database name in Neo4j 2.3),

use the following command:

sudo -u neo4j neo4j-admin import --mode=database --database=graph.db --from

=/var/lib/neo4j/data/graph.db

This command will import the database located in /var/lib/neo4j/data/graph.db into Neo4j

3.2, and call it graph.db.

Once a database has been imported, and the upgrade has completed successfully, the old

database can be removed safely.

c. Migrate the Neo4j 2.3 database to Neo4j 3.2.

The previous import step moved the database from its old on-disk location to the new on-disk

location, but it did not upgrade the store format. To do this, you must start the database

service with the option to migrate the database format to the latest version.

In neo4j.conf uncomment the option dbms.allow_upgrade=true. You can use the following

command to change the line in-place if you have it commented out already, as it is in the

default configuration:

sudo sed -i 's/#dbms.allow_upgrade=true/dbms.allow_upgrade=true/' /etc/neo4j/neo4j.conf

Start the database service with the format migration option enabled, and the format migration

will take place immediately:

sudo service neo4j start

2. Upgrade to Neo4j 3.5.4.

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