使用Ionic 2开发跨平台移动应用

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"Learn Ionic 2 - Develop Multi-platform Mobile Apps" 这本书《Learn Ionic 2》是关于使用Ionic框架和Angular开发跨平台移动应用的一本优秀教程，最近出版。作者Joyce Justin和Joseph Jude都是在印度有影响力的IT专业人士，分别来自班加罗尔和潘奇库拉。 Ionic 2是Ionic框架的第二个主要版本，它基于Angular 2（现在称为Angular）构建，提供了一套强大的工具和组件，用于构建原生感观的移动应用。这个框架允许开发者使用Web技术（如HTML、CSS和JavaScript）来开发可以在iOS、Android和Web上运行的应用程序，极大地提高了开发效率。本书的核心内容可能包括以下几个关键知识点： 1. **Ionic框架基础**：介绍Ionic的安装、配置和项目结构，以及如何创建一个新的Ionic应用。学习者会了解到如何使用CLI（命令行接口）初始化项目，并理解项目的目录结构。 2. **Angular基础知识**：由于Ionic 2是基于Angular构建的，因此理解Angular的组件、服务、依赖注入和路由等核心概念至关重要。书中可能会详细讲解这些概念及其在移动应用开发中的应用。 3. **用户界面和组件**：Ionic提供了丰富的UI组件，如导航栏、侧滑菜单、表单控件等。读者将学习如何使用这些组件来构建美观且功能丰富的用户界面。 4. **本地功能集成**：Ionic允许开发者访问设备的本地功能，如摄像头、GPS和通知。书中的章节可能涵盖如何与这些API交互，以实现原生应用的功能。 5. **数据存储和API通信**：通过使用Angular的服务和Ionic的插件，开发者可以学会如何与后端服务器进行通信，获取或存储数据。这可能包括使用HTTP服务、WebSocket、SQLite数据库和云服务的集成。 6. **测试和部署**：书中会涉及如何对Ionic应用进行测试，包括单元测试和集成测试，以及如何将应用打包并发布到App Store和Google Play。 7. **性能优化**：对于移动应用来说，性能优化是必不可少的。读者将学习如何优化代码、图像和其他资源，以提高应用的启动速度和运行效率。 8. **离子社区和生态系统**：介绍Ionic的社区资源，如论坛、文档、插件库，以及如何利用这些资源解决开发过程中遇到的问题。 9. **案例研究**：可能包含实际的项目示例，让读者有机会实践所学知识，通过实际操作来加深理解。 10. **最佳实践和未来趋势**：书中可能涵盖开发跨平台应用的最佳实践，以及Ionic和Angular的最新发展和未来趋势。《Learn Ionic 2》是一本全面的指南，旨在帮助开发者快速掌握使用Ionic 2和Angular构建多平台移动应用的技能。无论是初学者还是有一定经验的开发者，都能从中受益，提升自己的移动开发能力。

CHAPTER 2 ■ BUILD YOUR FIRST IONIC APP

It should return the version of the npm installed. On my machine, it returns the following:

3.10.8

Once nodejs and npm are installed, it’s time to install Ionic 2. Use the following command to install Ionic 2:

npm install -g cordova ionic

In some cases, you might need to install using the command (prefixing with sudo)

sudo npm install -g cordova ionic

As we saw in the first chapter, we need the native software development kits (SDKs) to develop

applications for those platforms. iOS applications can be developed only on a Mac; however, Android

applications can be developed on any platform. When you install Xcode, iOS SDKs are already

installed. Installing Android SDK is complicated. You can find a guide to install Android SDK at http://

ionicframework.com/docs/ionic-cli-faq/#android-sdk.

If all of these steps go well, you should have Ionic installed on your machine. Go into the terminal, and

issue the following command to verify if Ionic is installed properly:

ionic -v

If this returned without any error, that means you are good to go for the rest of this chapter.

Quick-Start with Ionic Templates

Ionic provides an easy approach to quick-start an app development. It provides a few default templates to

create the app. These templates, based on the template selected, come with the default code. Before we start,

let’s understand these templates. Table2-1 lists the templates available in Ionic 2 (this list can be seen by

issuing the command “ionic start –list” in a terminal).

Table 2-1. Ionic Templates

Template name Purpose Command to create the project

blank A blank starter project for Ionic ionic start MyApp blank --v2

complex-list A complex list starter template ionic start MyApp complex-list --v2

maps An Ionic starter project using Google Maps

and a side menu

ionic start MyApp maps --v2

salesforce A starter project for Ionic and Salesforce ionic start MyApp salesforce --v2

sidemenu A starting project for Ionic using a side menu

with navigation in the content area

ionic start MyApp sidemenu --v2

tabs A starting project for Ionic using a simple

tabbed interface

ionic start MyApp tabs --v2

CHAPTER 2 ■ BUILD YOUR FIRST IONIC APP

Depending on the type of build, one of these files will be used.

In the blank app we created, there is only one functionality to display the blank page, and there is only

one folder under app\pages folder, in our case “home” (see Figure2-4).

Following are the details of the files in the home folder:

• home.html–Template of the page

• home.ts—TypeScript of the page view. This is where the @Component decorator is

defined

• home.scss–File that would contain the custom SASS (Syntactically Awesome Style

Sheets) for this page. If you are new to SASS refer to http://sass-lang.com/.

To apply styles or themes to Ionic 2 applications, you must modify the html and scss files. .css files are

generated from the .scss files.

The www folder is the web root folder of the Ionic app. The build folder under the www folder contains

the compiled code of the Ionic 2 applications. In general, there is no need to modify the code inside this

folder. index.html in the www folder shows the initial view of the application.

Reviewing the Code

Listing 2-1 contains www/index.html code, which provides a view of the application.

Listing 2-1. www/index.html Code

<body>

<ion-app></ion-app>

</body>

<ion-app></ion-app> is the directive that informs Ionic that this is where the CounterApp lives.

Src/app/app.module.ts indicates the HomePage component as the root page of the app. This is the

first component to be invoked in the ionic application execution and it controls the rest of the application

flow. src/pages/home/home.ts contains the HomePage component of our app (Listing 2-2).

Listing 2-2. src/pages/home/home.ts Code

import { Component } from '@angular/core';

import { NavController } from 'ionic-angular';

@Component({

selector: 'page-home',

templateUrl: 'home.html'

})

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