蓝牙HID人机接口规范

需积分: 35 138 浏览量更新于2024-07-25 收藏 1.93MB PDF 举报

"HID 人机接口 SPEC 文件主要涵盖了 Bluetooth HID (Human Interface Device) Profile 的版本 1.0，该文档由 Craig Ranta 和 Steve McGowan 编辑，旨在规定蓝牙无线通信设备如何利用 HID 协议来发现并与其交互。这份资料详细描述了如何在蓝牙协议栈上，通过 Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP) 层支持 HID 服务。此外，它引用了多个 USB 相关规格，包括 Universal Serial Bus Specification、USB Physical Interface Device Specification、USB HID Usage Tables 及 USB Device Class Definition for Human Interface Devices，以及 Bluetooth Core Specification 1.1 版本。" HID（人机接口）是计算机技术中一个关键的部分，它允许用户与设备进行交互。在USB标准中，HID类定义了一组标准协议，用于键盘、鼠标、游戏控制器等输入设备以及显示器、打印机等输出设备。这些设备可以通过USB接口与主机进行通信，无需驱动程序即可被操作系统识别和支持。在蓝牙环境下，HID Profile 提供了一种无线连接方式，使得支持蓝牙的设备能够像有线设备一样，实现人机交互。文档中的 Bluetooth HID Profile 规定了两个主要步骤：首先，设备通过HID协议发现对方的功能集；然后，它们可以建立连接并进行数据传输。这种无线连接方法尤其适用于移动设备和需要自由活动范围的设备，如无线键盘和鼠标。 L2CAP（Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol）是蓝牙协议栈的一部分，它提供了更高级别的数据服务，如分片和重组，以便适应较低层的物理和链路层。在HID应用中，L2CAP层允许高效、可靠的数据传输，确保人机交互的实时性和准确性。引用的USB规范对于理解HID在蓝牙环境中的工作至关重要。例如，Universal Serial Bus Specification 描述了USB总线的基本结构和通信规则，而USB Device Class Definition for Human Interface Devices 则详细定义了HID设备的类规范，包括设备描述符、报告描述符和布局信息。蓝牙核心规范则规定了蓝牙系统的整体架构、连接建立、安全机制等基本要素，是实现蓝牙无线通信的基础。蓝牙HID Profile 版本1.0是在这些规范的基础上，为蓝牙设备提供HID服务的具体实现指南。 HID 人机接口 SPEC 文件为开发者提供了在蓝牙环境中实现无线人机交互的标准和指导，是开发蓝牙HID设备或应用时的重要参考文档。通过遵循这些规范，开发者可以确保设备间的兼容性和互操作性，为用户提供无缝的无线体验。

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION

HID Profile Page 16 of 123

1 Introduction

1.1 Scope

The Human Interface Device Profile Specification [4] defines the protocols, procedures,

and features that shall be used by Bluetooth Human Interface Devices, such as

keyboards, pointing devices, gaming devices, and remote monitoring devices. This

specification uses the USB (Universal Serial Bus) definition of Human Interface Device

(HID) [4] in order to leverage the existing class drivers for USB HID devices.

1.2 Purpose

This document intends to provide a set of general but unambiguous rules for

implementing the USB HID protocol over a Bluetooth wireless link, with the goal of

creating wireless human interface devices that are interoperable, easy to set up and

use, have performance comparable to wired devices, and provide good consumer

value. Applications recommendations will be given when appropriate.

1.3 Conventions, Notation, and Definitions

1.3.1 Profile Requirements Notation

In the profile requirements tables (see Sections 8, 9, and 10), the following symbols are

used:

"M" for mandatory to support (used for capabilities that shall be used in the profile)

"O" for optional to support (used for capabilities that can be used in the profile)

"C" for conditional support (used for capabilities that shall be used in case a certain

other capability is supported)

"X" for excluded (used for capabilities that may be supported by the unit but should

never be used in the profile)

"N/A" for not applicable (in the given context it is impossible to use this capability)

Some excluded capabilities are capabilities that, according to the relevant Bluetooth

Specification [5], are mandatory. These features may degrade operation of devices

following this profile. Therefore, these features shall never be activated while a unit is

operating as a unit within this profile. In this specification the word shall is used for

mandatory requirements, the word should is used to express recommendations, and the

word may is used for options.

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION

HID Profile Page 17 of 123

1.3.2 Definitions

ACL – Asynchronous Connectionless. A type of data link supported by the Bluetooth

baseband,. Quality of Service (QoS) parameters are used to guarantee data delivery on

an ACL connection.

Bonded – A device is bonded with a host when it has performed the pairing process and

stored the host’s Bluetooth address and link key for future use.

BIOS – Basic Input/Output System. Low level firmware which controls a PCs hardware,

also self-test and configuration when the PC is powered on.

HID – Human Interface Device. This term is commonly used to refer to both the USB

data reporting protocol for Human Interface Devices, and the devices themselves. In

this document, when referring to the devices themselves we use “HID” or “HIDs”. When

referring to the protocol, we will use the “HID protocol”.

L2CAP – Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol. The highest-level Bluetooth

communications layer in the host, which handles device connections as logical data

streams.

Pairing - The process of establishing authentication keys between two Bluetooth

devices that have not previously encountered each other. In the HID usage models the

host normally initiates pairing. A Trusted Device is a device that has been paired using

a secret key and is explicity marked as trusted.

PID – Physical Interface Device. A special class of HID devices that send physical

output as well as input; i.e., force feedback gaming devices.

PIN – Personal Identification Number. Also referred to as the Bluetooth passkey at the

user interface.

PSM – Protocol Service Multiplexor. A protocol identifier used by the L2CAP layer to

support multiple protocols.

QoS – Quality of Service. A general term that refers to the ability of a data channel to

provide guaranteed data bandwidth and/or latency to a device or service.

SDAP – Service Discovery Application Profile.

SDP – Service Discovery Protocol.

USB – Universal Serial Bus.

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION

HID Profile Page 18 of 123

2 Introduction to the HID Protocol

This document describes how to use the USB Human Interface Device (HID) class

devices over a Bluetooth wireless link. Concepts from the USB Specification [1] are

used but not explained in this document. The USB Core [1] and HID Specifications [4,

3, 2] are recommended pre-reading for understanding the content of this

document. See the Referenced Documents section at the beginning of this document.

The HID class consists primarily of devices that are used by humans to control the

operation of computer systems. Typical examples of HID class devices include:

• Keyboards and pointing devices; for example, standard mouse devices, trackballs,

and joysticks

• Front-panel controls; for example, knobs, switches, buttons, and sliders

• Controls that might be found on devices such as telephones, VCR remote controls,

games or simulation devices; for example, data gloves, throttles, steering wheels,

and rudder pedals

• Devices that may not require human interaction but provide data in a similar format

to HID class devices; for example, bar-code readers, thermometers, or voltmeters

The HID class was originally targeted at human interface devices; however, HID is very

useful for any application that requires low-latency input-output operations to an

external interface, and the ability for that device to describe itself. Many typical HID

class devices include indicators, specialized displays, audio feedback, and force or

tactile feedback. Therefore, the HID class definition includes support for various types of

output directed to the end user. HID enables initialization, and control of self-describing

devices.

2.1 Overview

The Universal Serial Bus Specification [1] included a brilliant concept…instead of having

separate software drivers for each new type of computer peripheral device; it would

group devices together that have similar data reporting characteristics into a device

“class” and have a single class driver for each group. The devices further have the

capability to describe themselves to the class driver; e.g., what controls they have and

exactly how they report data, allowing future devices to be developed without the need

to modify the host software. Here we will focus on a single USB device class, HID

(Human Interface Device), a powerful and extensible data reporting system that was

designed specifically for the needs of Human Interface Devices. HID is not specific to

USB or any other type of physical data transport. It is the intention of this document to

describe how to use the HID protocol over the Bluetooth wireless communications

system, allowing manufacturers of input devices to produce high performance,

interoperable, and secure wireless input devices.

Information about a HID device is stored in segments of its non-volatile memory. These

segments are called descriptors. An interface descriptor can identify a device as

剩余122页未读，继续阅读

kaka199999

粉丝: 0
资源: 1

蓝牙HID人机接口规范

USB_HID_Spec_V1.11

usb hid i2c spec

基于HID协议的USB人机交互设备的接口设计

基于HID类的USB人机接口设计

HOGP_SPEC BLE

HOGP_SPEC_V10.pdf

SJR-BTM303_SPEC.pdf

usb2.0 spec

蓝牙HID协议

HID-学习心得

最新资源