Apache Solr 4实战宝典：100+优化技巧提升性能

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《Apache Solr 4 Cookbook》是一本由Rafał Kuć编写的实用指南，它专注于Apache Solr 4的高级用法和技巧。这本技术书籍是Packt Publishing出版的，提供了超过100个详尽的“食谱”，旨在帮助读者优化Solr的性能，增强其可靠性，并改进搜索结果的质量。Solr是一款流行的全文搜索引擎库，被广泛应用于内容管理和网站搜索场景。本书不仅深入介绍了Solr的基本配置和设置，还涵盖了高级功能如分词器、查询优化、索引管理、性能调优、以及与各种编程语言（如Java、Python等）的集成。读者可以从中学习到如何处理大量数据，如何实现快速响应，以及如何解决在实际项目中遇到的各种问题。版权方面，该书受版权保护，未经Packt Publishing事先书面许可，不得复制、存储或通过任何方式传播，除非用于学术引用。尽管作者和出版社已尽力确保信息的准确性，但本书提供的所有信息均按现状销售，不附带任何形式的保证，无论是明示还是暗示。作者、Packt Publishing及其经销商和分销商不对因本书内容导致或声称导致的任何直接或间接损失负责。值得一提的是，Packt Publishing在书中对提及的所有公司和产品商标使用了正确的大小写格式，但这并不意味着它们的准确性得到了保证。《Apache Solr 4 Cookbook》的首次发布日期为2013年7月，反映出它是一本具有时效性和实用价值的资源，适合那些希望深入了解并提升Solr技能的专业人士。通过阅读这本书，读者将能够掌握如何利用Solr构建高效、稳定且能满足特定业务需求的搜索引擎解决方案。

Preface

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines

or items are set in bold:

<processor class="org.apache.solr.update.processor.

TikaLanguageIdentifierUpdateProcessorFactory">

<str name="langid.fl">name,description</str>

<str name="langid.langField">langId</str>

</processor>

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

curl 'localhost:8983/solr/update?commit=true' -H 'Content-

type:application/json' -d '[{"id":"1","file":{"set":"New file name"}}]'

New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, in

menus or dialog boxes for example, appear in the text like this: "clicking the Next button

moves you to the next screen".

Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

Tips and tricks appear like this.

Reader feedback

Feedback from our readers is always welcome. Let us know what you think about this

book—what you liked or may have disliked. Reader feedback is important for us to develop

titles that you really get the most out of.

To send us general feedback, simply send an e-mail to feedback@packtpub.com,

and mention the book title through the subject of your message.

If there is a topic that you have expertise in and you are interested in either writing or

contributing to a book, see our author guide on www.packtpub.com/authors.

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Apache Solr Conguration

During the writing of this chapter, I used Solr version 4.0 and Jetty

version 8.1.5, and those versions are covered in the tips of the following

chapter. If another version of Solr is mandatory for a feature to run, then

it will be mentioned.

We have a simple conguration, simple index structure described by the schema.xml le,

and we can run indexing.

In this chapter you'll see how to congure and use the more advanced Solr modules; you'll

see how to run Solr in different containers and how to prepare your conguration to different

requirements. You will also learn how to set up a new SolrCloud cluster and migrate your

current conguration to the one supporting all the features of SolrCloud. Finally, you will

learn how to congure Solr cache to meet your needs and how to pre-sort your Solr indexes

to be able to use early query termination techniques efciently.

Running Solr on Jetty

The simplest way to run Apache Solr on a Jetty servlet container is to run the provided

example conguration based on embedded Jetty. But it's not the case here. In this recipe,

I would like to show you how to congure and run Solr on a standalone Jetty container.

Getting ready

First of all you need to download the Jetty servlet container for your platform. You can get your

download package from an automatic installer (such as, apt-get), or you can download it

yourself from http://jetty.codehaus.org/jetty/.

How to do it...

The rst thing is to install the Jetty servlet container, which is beyond the scope of this book,

so we will assume that you have Jetty installed in the /usr/share/jetty directory or you

copied the Jetty les to that directory.

Let's start by copying the solr.war le to the webapps directory of the Jetty installation

(so the whole path would be /usr/share/jetty/webapps). In addition to that we need

to create a temporary directory in Jetty installation, so let's create the temp directory in the

Jetty installation directory.

Next we need to copy and adjust the solr.xml le from the context directory of the Solr

example distribution to the context directory of the Jetty installation. The nal le contents

should look like the following code:

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Chapter 1

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!DOCTYPE Configure PUBLIC "-//Jetty//Configure//EN" "http://www.

eclipse.org/jetty/configure.dtd">

<Set name="war"><SystemProperty name="jetty.home"/>/webapps/solr.

war</Set>

<Set name="defaultsDescriptor"><SystemProperty name="jetty.home"/>/

etc/webdefault.xml</Set>

<Set name="tempDirectory"><Property name="jetty.home" default="."/>/

temp</Set>

</Configure>

Downloading the example code

You can download the example code les for all Packt books you

have purchased from your account at http://www.packtpub.com.

If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit

http://www.packtpub.com/support and register to have the

les e-mailed directly to you.

Now we need to copy the jetty.xml, webdefault.xml, and logging.properties les

from the etc directory of the Solr distribution to the conguration directory of Jetty, so in our

case to the /usr/share/jetty/etc directory.

The next step is to copy the Solr conguration les to the appropriate directory. I'm talking

about les such as schema.xml, solrconfig.xml, solr.xml, and so on. Those les

should be in the directory specied by the solr.solr.home system variable (in my case

this was the /usr/share/solr directory). Please remember to preserve the directory

structure you'll see in the example deployment, so for example, the /usr/share/solr

directory should contain the solr.xml (and in addition zoo.cfg in case you want to

use SolrCloud) le with the contents like so:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

</cores>

</solr>

All the other conguration les should go to the /usr/share/solr/collection1/conf

directory (place the schema.xml and solrconfig.xml les there along with any additional

conguration les your deployment needs). Your cores may have other names than the default

collection1, so please be aware of that.

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