IEEE802.1AS-2020：TSN时间同步协议标准

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"802.1AS-2020.pdf是IEEE官方发布的关于时间敏感网络（TSN）技术的最新协议标准文档，由IEEE计算机学会的局域网/城域网标准委员会制定。该标准详细规定了在本地和城域网络中，针对时间敏感应用的时钟同步和定时技术。此版本是对2011年版802.1AS的修订，于2020年1月30日获得IEEE-SA标准委员会批准。文档内容涉及电气和电子工程师协会（IEEE）的版权，下载和使用需遵循特定限制。" IEEE 802.1AS是TSN（Time-Sensitive Networking）的基础标准之一，它定义了一套用于确保网络中数据传输精确时间同步的框架。这个标准对于那些对时间延迟和数据传输准确性有严格要求的应用，如工业自动化、音频视频流媒体、汽车网络以及航空航天等领域的通信至关重要。在TSN网络中，802.1AS规定了时间同步协议（Precision Time Protocol, PTP），这是一种确保网络设备之间时钟精确同步的方法。PTP通过主时钟和从时钟的概念来工作，主时钟提供参考时间，而从时钟则通过网络接收并调整自己的时间以与主时钟保持一致。这一过程包括时间戳的交换、时间校准和误差补偿，以实现微秒甚至纳秒级别的同步精度。标准中的关键组成部分还包括： 1. **时间戳管理**：在网络中传输的数据包被打上精确的时间戳，以便接收端可以确定数据包到达的时间和顺序，从而优化传输效率和减少延迟。 2. **时间同步机制**：通过PTP消息在网络中传播，设备能够校准其内部时钟，确保所有设备在同一时间参考同一时间源。 3. **时钟质量等级**：定义了不同等级的时钟质量，以适应不同应用场景的需求，如工业环境中的严格实时需求和家庭娱乐系统中的相对宽松需求。 4. **网络架构**：描述了如何在不同层次的网络中部署TSN，包括如何配置和管理主时钟，以及如何处理网络中的时钟跃变和抖动。 5. **兼容性和互操作性**：确保不同制造商的TSN设备能够在相同的网络环境中协同工作，遵循统一的通信规则。 6. **安全考虑**：考虑到网络安全性，标准还涵盖了防止恶意攻击和干扰时间同步服务的措施。 802.1AS-2020的修订可能包括对原有标准的增强，比如提高同步精度、增加新的同步模式、优化协议效率或解决过去实施中遇到的问题。由于TSN技术的广泛应用和快速发展，这样的更新对于保持技术的先进性和适应性至关重要。通过遵循这一标准，网络设计者和开发者可以构建出可靠、高效且时间同步的网络系统，满足各种苛刻的实时通信需求。

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List of tables

Table 6-1—Primitive data types ................................................................................................................... 31

Table 8-1—Default values for priority1, for the respective media............................................................... 55

Table 8-2—TimeSource enumeration .......................................................................................................... 57

Table 10-1—Summary of scope of global variables used by time synchronization state machines 

(see 10.2.4 and 10.2.5).................................................................................................................................. 76

Table 10-2—PTP Port state definitions ........................................................................................................ 98

Table 10-3—Summary of scope of global variables used by best master clock selection, external port

configuration, and announce interval setting state machines (see 10.3.9 and 10.3.10) .............................. 107

Table 10-4—Destination address for Announce and Signaling messages ................................................. 142

Table 10-5—EtherType for Announce and Signaling messages................................................................ 142

Table 10-6—Propagate TLVs of IEEE Std 1588-2019 .............................................................................. 144

Table 10-7—PTP message header.............................................................................................................. 144

Table 10-8—Values for messageType field ............................................................................................... 145

Table 10-9—Values of flag bits.................................................................................................................. 146

Table 10-10—messageTypeSpecific semantics ......................................................................................... 147

Table 10-11—Announce message fields .................................................................................................... 148

Table 10-12—Path trace TLV .................................................................................................................... 149

Table 10-13—Signaling message fields ..................................................................................................... 150

Table 10-14—Message interval request TLV ............................................................................................ 151

Table 10-15—Interpretation of special values of logLinkDelayInterval.................................................... 152

Table 10-16—Interpretation of special values of logTimeSyncInterval .................................................... 152

Table 10-17—Interpretation of special values of logAnnounceInterval .................................................... 153

Table 10-18—Definitions of bits of flags field of message interval request TLV ..................................... 153

Table 10-19—gPTP-capable TLV.............................................................................................................. 154

Table 10-20—gPTP-capable message interval request TLV...................................................................... 155

Table 10-21—Interpretation of special values of logGptpCapableMessageInterval.................................. 156

Table 11-1—Value of meanLinkDelayThresh for various links ................................................................ 169

Table 11-2 —Summary of scope of global variables used by 

time synchronization state machines (see 10.2.4 and 10.2.5)..................................................................... 171

Table 11-3—Destination address for Sync, Follow_Up, Pdelay_Req, Pdelay_Resp, and

Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up messages ........................................................................................................... 196

Table 11-4—EtherType for Sync, Follow_Up, Pdelay_Req, Pdelay_Resp, and 

Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up messages ........................................................................................................... 196

Table 11-5—Values for messageType field ............................................................................................... 198

Table 11-6—Value of correctionField........................................................................................................ 199

Table 11-7—References for sequenceId value exceptions......................................................................... 199

Table 11-8—Sync message fields if twoStep flag is TRUE....................................................................... 200

Table 11-9—Sync message fields if twoStep flag is FALSE ..................................................................... 200

Table 11-10—Follow_Up message fields .................................................................................................. 201

Table 11-11—Follow_Up information TLV .............................................................................................. 202

Table 11-12—Pdelay_Req message fields ................................................................................................. 203

Table 11-13—Pdelay_Resp message fields.........................................................................................

....... 204

Table 11-14—Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up message fields ........................................................................... 204

Table 12-1—Values of bits of tmFtmSupport ............................................................................................ 214

Table 12-2—FTM parameters relevant to time-synchronization transport ................................................ 227

Table 12-3—Values of Burst Duration and Min Delta FTM, for each value of currentLogSyncInterval . 228

Table 12-4—Values of the Type field in the VendorSpecific information element................................... 228

Table 13-1—TIMESYNC message fields .................................................................................................. 235

Table 14-1—defaultDS table ...................................................................................................................... 251

Table 14-2—currentDS table...................................................................................................................... 253

Table 14-3—parentDS table ....................................................................................................................... 255

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Table 14-4—timePropertiesDS table.......................................................................................................... 256

Table 14-5—pathTraceDS table ................................................................................................................. 257

Table 14-6—acceptableMasterTableDS table ............................................................................................ 258

Table 14-7—portState enumeration............................................................................................................ 258

Table 14-8—delayMechanism enumeration............................................................................................... 259

Table 14-9—Description of pdelayTruncatedTimestampsArray ............................................................... 266

Table 14-10—portDS table......................................................................................................................... 267

Table 14-11—descriptionPortDS table....................................................................................................... 269

Table 14-12—portStatisticsDS table .......................................................................................................... 272

Table 14-13—acceptableMasterPortDS table ............................................................................................ 273

Table 14-14—externalPortConfigurationPortDS table .............................................................................. 274

Table 14-15—asymmetryMeasurementModeDS table .............................................................................. 274

Table 14-16—commonServicesPortDS table ............................................................................................. 275

Table 14-17—cmldsDefaultDS table.......................................................................................................... 276

Table 14-18—cmldsLinkPortDS table ....................................................................................................... 280

Table 14-19—cmldsLinkPortStatisticsDS table ......................................................................................... 282

Table 14-20—cmldsAsymmetryMeasurementModeDS table.................................................................... 283

Table 15-1—IEEE8021-AS-V2 MIB structure and object cross reference................................................ 285

Table 16-1—CSN TLV .............................................................................................................................. 375

Table 16-2—Definitions and option selections per link technology .......................................................... 377

Table B-1—Wander generation TDEV requirement for LocalClock entity .............................................. 399

Table B-2—ADEV limit corresponding to wander generation requirement of Table B-1 ........................ 400

Table B-3—PTPDEV limit corresponding to wander generation requirement of Table B-1 .................... 401

Table B-4—Maximum endpoint filter bandwidths needed to meet respective MTIE masks and 

peak-to-peak jitter limits............................................................................................................................. 403

Table B-5—Breakpoints for Mask 1 .......................................................................................................... 404

Table B-6—Breakpoints for Mask 2 .......................................................................................................... 404

Table C-1—Timescale parameters ............................................................................................................. 405

Table C-2—Timescale conversions............................................................................................................ 408

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IEEE Std 802.1AS-2020

IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks

Timing and Synchronization for Time-Sensitive Applications

2. Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard (i.e., they must be

understood and used; therefore, each referenced document is cited in text, and its relationship to this

document is explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the

latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies.

IEEE Std 754™-2008, IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic.

2, 3

IEEE Std 802®-2014, IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks—Overview and

Architecture.

IEEE Std 802c™-2017, IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks—Overview and

Architecture—Amendment 2: Local Medium Access Control (MAC) Address Usage.

IEEE Std 802.1AC™-2016, IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks—Media Access

Control (MAC) Service Definition.

IEEE Std 802.1AX™-2014, IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks—Link Aggregation.

IEEE Std 802.1Q™-2018, IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks—Bridges and Bridged

Networks.

IEEE Std 802.3™-2018, IEEE Standard for Ethernet.

IEEE Std 802.11™-2016, IEEE Standard for Information technology—Telecommunications and

information exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirements,

Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications.

IEEE Std 1588™-2019, IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked

Measurement and Control Systems.

IERS Bulletin C (see https://www.iers.org/IERS/EN/Publications/Bulletins/bulletins.html).

IETF RFC 2863 (June 2000), The Interfaces Group MIB, K. McCloghrie and F. Kastenholz.

IETF RFC 3410 (Dec. 2002), Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet Standard Management

Framework, J. Case, R. Mundy, D. Partain, and B. Stewart.

IETF RFC 3418 (Dec. 2002), Management Information Base (MIB) for the Simple Network Management

Protocol (SNMP), R. Presuhn, ed.

ISO 80000-3:2006, Quantities and units — Part 3: Space and time.

IEEE publications are available from The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (https://standards.ieee.org).

The IEEE standards or products referenced in this clause are trademarks owned by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers, Incorporated.

IETF Requests for Comments (RFCs) are available from the Internet Engineering Task Force (https://www.rfc-editor.org).

ISO publications are available from the International Organization for Standardization (https://www.iso.org) and the American

National Standards Institute (https://www.ansi.org).

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IEEE802.1AS-2020：TSN时间同步协议标准

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笛卡尔心形图——数学家的浪漫现给出参数方程其中a为任意数值，θ为角度。请根据上述方程，a可以是任意数，θ为0~2Π，绘制出x、y的关系图。要求线性颜色为红色、线的样式为’-’，并将爱心图保存为pdf。